ANSC 4402 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+
GRADED
What is the contraction and relaxation of a muscle fiber called?
a "twitch"
How many fiber types are there? Name them.
1. Slow twitch
2. Fast twitch high oxidative (FTa)
3. Fast twitch low oxidative (FTb)
What effect do muscle fiber types have on the horse?
It affects it's athletic ability-- genetics: what they're made for
Do muscles mostly contain all 3 muscle fiber types? Explain.
Yes, most muscles contain all 3 fiber types just in different ratios
How much faster do fast twitch fibers contract compared to slow twitch fibers?
fast twitch fibers contract 3 times as fast as slow twitch fibers
What are some other names for slow twitch fibers?
1. red fibers
2. type 1 fibers
What are slow twitch fibers best suited for?
endurance activities (high tolerance against fatigue)
What surrounds slow twitch fibers? Why is this helpful?
Capillaries-- so oxygen can quickly reach the fibers
What are slow twitch fibers?
-contract slowly & can hold contraction
-mitochondria use oxygen to burn fatty acids or glycogen
-best suited for endurance activites
What are other names for fast twitch fibers?
1. white fibers
2. type 2 fibers
What are fast twitch muscle fibers?
-mainly use anaerobic metabolism
-short bursts of strength or speed (fatigue easily)
(sprinters)
-high concentrations of enzymes that rapidly produce energy from glycogen
What are the 2 types of fast twitch fibers? What are the differences?
1. Fast twitch HIGH oxidative
-uses both aerobic & anaerobic metabolism
2. Fast twitch LOW oxidative
-uses ONLY anaerobic metabolism
-FASTEST contractibility of all fibers
-lack enzymes necessary to utilize oxygen
What determines fiber types?
Heredity and breed
--slow twitch fibers cannot be trained to contract faster
GRADED
What is the contraction and relaxation of a muscle fiber called?
a "twitch"
How many fiber types are there? Name them.
1. Slow twitch
2. Fast twitch high oxidative (FTa)
3. Fast twitch low oxidative (FTb)
What effect do muscle fiber types have on the horse?
It affects it's athletic ability-- genetics: what they're made for
Do muscles mostly contain all 3 muscle fiber types? Explain.
Yes, most muscles contain all 3 fiber types just in different ratios
How much faster do fast twitch fibers contract compared to slow twitch fibers?
fast twitch fibers contract 3 times as fast as slow twitch fibers
What are some other names for slow twitch fibers?
1. red fibers
2. type 1 fibers
What are slow twitch fibers best suited for?
endurance activities (high tolerance against fatigue)
What surrounds slow twitch fibers? Why is this helpful?
Capillaries-- so oxygen can quickly reach the fibers
What are slow twitch fibers?
-contract slowly & can hold contraction
-mitochondria use oxygen to burn fatty acids or glycogen
-best suited for endurance activites
What are other names for fast twitch fibers?
1. white fibers
2. type 2 fibers
What are fast twitch muscle fibers?
-mainly use anaerobic metabolism
-short bursts of strength or speed (fatigue easily)
(sprinters)
-high concentrations of enzymes that rapidly produce energy from glycogen
What are the 2 types of fast twitch fibers? What are the differences?
1. Fast twitch HIGH oxidative
-uses both aerobic & anaerobic metabolism
2. Fast twitch LOW oxidative
-uses ONLY anaerobic metabolism
-FASTEST contractibility of all fibers
-lack enzymes necessary to utilize oxygen
What determines fiber types?
Heredity and breed
--slow twitch fibers cannot be trained to contract faster
