ATLS Practice 2022/234 Questions With All the Correct
Answers/A+ Graded
Assessed first in trauma patient Correct ans - Airway
(*)Degree of burn that is characterized by bone involvement Correct ans
- Fourth
Complications of head trauma Correct ans - Intracerebral hematoma
Extradural hematoma
Brain abscess
Most common cause of laryngotracheal stenosis Correct ans - Trauma
Intervention that can help prevent development of acute renal failure
Correct ans - Infusion of normal saline
A 26-year-old male is resuscitated with blood transfusion after a motor
vehicle collision that was complicated by a fractured pelvis. A few hours
later, the patient becomes febrile, hypotensive with a normal CVP, and
oliguric. Upon examination, the patient is found to be bleeding from the NG
tube and IV sites. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Hemorrhagic shock
B. Acute adrenal insufficiency
C. Fat embolism syndrome
D. Transfusion reaction Correct ans - D. Transfusion reaction
Skin antiseptic Correct ans - -Ethanol 70% is an effective skin
antiseptic
-Acetic acid can be used to treat Gram- skin infections
-Salicylic acid is used to treat certain skin yeast infections
Class IV hemorrhage indicates what % blood loss Correct ans - 55%
How does shivering affect body temperature Correct ans - Increases
body temperature
Class III hemorrhage indicates what % of blood loss Correct ans - 35%
Management of a stable patient with kidney contusion Correct ans -
Observation
Associated with hypovolemic shock Correct ans - -Inadequate tissue
perfusion with resultant tissue hypoxia
-Blood shunting to vital organs
,-Decreased circulating blood volume and decreased venous return
-Low cardiac output
-Loss of less than 20% of the blood volume is usually without symptom
except for mild tachycardia
-Patients become orthostatic with losses between 20 and 40%
-Shock is evidenced by tachycardia, hypotension, oliguria, flat neck veins
The most effective method of monitoring the success of resuscitation during
CPR? Correct ans - Reactivity of pupils to light
Used to ensure correct placement of endotracheal tube Correct ans -
-Ultrasound
-Bilateral breath sounds
-Sustained end-tidal CO2
Total body surface area involved in a burn in an adult to the anterior chest
and abdomen Correct ans - 18%
What is often caused by carotid massage? Correct ans - Bradycardia
Step in a patient diagnosed with tension pneumothorax Correct ans -
1. Needle decompression/ thoracotomy
2. Chest tube
True statements regarding diaphragmatic injuries Correct ans - -Blunt
diaphragmatic injuries are usually associated with skeletal trauma
-Penetrating diaphragmatic injuries may be missed
-Repair of traumatic diaphragmatic injuries usually does not require
prosthetic material
First priority in the treatment of an unconscious patient Correct ans -
Checking the pulse
A patient involved in a road accident is brought to the emergency
department in an unconscious state. On arrival, her vitals show a
temperature of 96.4 degrees Fahrenheit, a respiration rate of 24 breaths per
minute, a heart rate of 140 beats per minute, and a blood pressure of 80/40
mm Hg. She is cold, shivering, and perspiring profusely. She has bilateral
reactive pupils but she does not respond to pain. On physical examination,
she has no obvious sign of external bleeding. Which of the following cannot
be the cause of hypotension in this patient?
A. Pelvic fracture
B. Fracture of femur
C. Intracranial hemorrhage
D. Hemothorax Correct ans - C. Intracranial hemorrhage
,A patient suffered a slash to his right neck. The wound is over the mid-
portion of the sternocleidomastoid. There is a large hematoma and brisk
bleeding when uncovered. He is stable. What is the next step in
management?
A. Get an angiogram
B. Close the wound in the ER
C. Take him to the operating room
D. CT scan to evaluate neck structure Correct ans - C. Take him to the
OR
After abdominal injury, which of the following urinalysis findings would be an
indication for further testing?
A. 0-5 casts/HPF
B. 5-10 WBC/HPF
C. 10-20 RBC/HPF
D. Gross hematuria Correct ans - D. Gross hematuria
A laceration of the neck superficial to the deep cervical fascia along the
sternocleidomastoid muscle at its midpoint would cause bleeding from which
structure? Correct ans - External jugular vein
Clinical features associated with tension pneumothorax Correct ans -
Unilateral decrease in breath sounds
Hyperresonance
Respiratory distress
Tachycardia
Tracheal shift
Desatruation
Decreased breath sounds
Decreased compliance
Asymmetric chest movement
NOT hypertension, audible bronchial sounds
Not recommended as a mode of ventilation for a patient with a
diaphragmatic hernia
A. Bag and mask
B. LMA
C. Endotracheal intubation
D. Jet ventilation Correct ans - A. Bag and mask
What is the next step in the assessment of a traumatic patient after airway is
established? Correct ans - Breathing
Blood group that is considered a universal donor Correct ans - O
, A provider is examining a patient who sustained a severe traumatic head
injury. He documents no Doll's eyes. What does this signify? Correct ans
- Brainstem injury
Which of the following is the least preferred method of administering IV
fluids?
A. Cubital veins
B. Cephalic veins
C. Subclavian veins
D. Saphenous vein Correct ans - Subclavian veins
Dermatome level for nipple sensation
Dermatome level for umbilicus Correct ans - T4
T10
At which temperature would a hypothermic patient stop shivering?
Correct ans - 88 degrees F
What is the energy recommendation for the first defibrillation in an adult (*)
Correct ans - 300 J
Pharmacologic effects of Morphine Correct ans - Behavioral changes
Analgesia
Respiratory depression
NOT diarrhea
A patient with which condition should be triaged to receive medical attention
first?
A. Choking
B. Dizziness
C. Leg cramp
D. Vomiting Correct ans - A. Choking
For pediatric patients, what volume of fluid resuscitation should be given
initially in the setting of shock?
A. 750 mL of saline uniformly
B. 1 liter of saline
C. 20 mL/kg of 0.45% NaCl with 5% glucose
D. 10 to 20 mL/kg of Ringers lactate Correct ans - D. 10 to 20 mL/kg of
Ringers lactate
A patient is found unconscious after a fire in his bedroom. He is found to
have severe burns around his face. What is the first aspect of treatment?
Answers/A+ Graded
Assessed first in trauma patient Correct ans - Airway
(*)Degree of burn that is characterized by bone involvement Correct ans
- Fourth
Complications of head trauma Correct ans - Intracerebral hematoma
Extradural hematoma
Brain abscess
Most common cause of laryngotracheal stenosis Correct ans - Trauma
Intervention that can help prevent development of acute renal failure
Correct ans - Infusion of normal saline
A 26-year-old male is resuscitated with blood transfusion after a motor
vehicle collision that was complicated by a fractured pelvis. A few hours
later, the patient becomes febrile, hypotensive with a normal CVP, and
oliguric. Upon examination, the patient is found to be bleeding from the NG
tube and IV sites. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Hemorrhagic shock
B. Acute adrenal insufficiency
C. Fat embolism syndrome
D. Transfusion reaction Correct ans - D. Transfusion reaction
Skin antiseptic Correct ans - -Ethanol 70% is an effective skin
antiseptic
-Acetic acid can be used to treat Gram- skin infections
-Salicylic acid is used to treat certain skin yeast infections
Class IV hemorrhage indicates what % blood loss Correct ans - 55%
How does shivering affect body temperature Correct ans - Increases
body temperature
Class III hemorrhage indicates what % of blood loss Correct ans - 35%
Management of a stable patient with kidney contusion Correct ans -
Observation
Associated with hypovolemic shock Correct ans - -Inadequate tissue
perfusion with resultant tissue hypoxia
-Blood shunting to vital organs
,-Decreased circulating blood volume and decreased venous return
-Low cardiac output
-Loss of less than 20% of the blood volume is usually without symptom
except for mild tachycardia
-Patients become orthostatic with losses between 20 and 40%
-Shock is evidenced by tachycardia, hypotension, oliguria, flat neck veins
The most effective method of monitoring the success of resuscitation during
CPR? Correct ans - Reactivity of pupils to light
Used to ensure correct placement of endotracheal tube Correct ans -
-Ultrasound
-Bilateral breath sounds
-Sustained end-tidal CO2
Total body surface area involved in a burn in an adult to the anterior chest
and abdomen Correct ans - 18%
What is often caused by carotid massage? Correct ans - Bradycardia
Step in a patient diagnosed with tension pneumothorax Correct ans -
1. Needle decompression/ thoracotomy
2. Chest tube
True statements regarding diaphragmatic injuries Correct ans - -Blunt
diaphragmatic injuries are usually associated with skeletal trauma
-Penetrating diaphragmatic injuries may be missed
-Repair of traumatic diaphragmatic injuries usually does not require
prosthetic material
First priority in the treatment of an unconscious patient Correct ans -
Checking the pulse
A patient involved in a road accident is brought to the emergency
department in an unconscious state. On arrival, her vitals show a
temperature of 96.4 degrees Fahrenheit, a respiration rate of 24 breaths per
minute, a heart rate of 140 beats per minute, and a blood pressure of 80/40
mm Hg. She is cold, shivering, and perspiring profusely. She has bilateral
reactive pupils but she does not respond to pain. On physical examination,
she has no obvious sign of external bleeding. Which of the following cannot
be the cause of hypotension in this patient?
A. Pelvic fracture
B. Fracture of femur
C. Intracranial hemorrhage
D. Hemothorax Correct ans - C. Intracranial hemorrhage
,A patient suffered a slash to his right neck. The wound is over the mid-
portion of the sternocleidomastoid. There is a large hematoma and brisk
bleeding when uncovered. He is stable. What is the next step in
management?
A. Get an angiogram
B. Close the wound in the ER
C. Take him to the operating room
D. CT scan to evaluate neck structure Correct ans - C. Take him to the
OR
After abdominal injury, which of the following urinalysis findings would be an
indication for further testing?
A. 0-5 casts/HPF
B. 5-10 WBC/HPF
C. 10-20 RBC/HPF
D. Gross hematuria Correct ans - D. Gross hematuria
A laceration of the neck superficial to the deep cervical fascia along the
sternocleidomastoid muscle at its midpoint would cause bleeding from which
structure? Correct ans - External jugular vein
Clinical features associated with tension pneumothorax Correct ans -
Unilateral decrease in breath sounds
Hyperresonance
Respiratory distress
Tachycardia
Tracheal shift
Desatruation
Decreased breath sounds
Decreased compliance
Asymmetric chest movement
NOT hypertension, audible bronchial sounds
Not recommended as a mode of ventilation for a patient with a
diaphragmatic hernia
A. Bag and mask
B. LMA
C. Endotracheal intubation
D. Jet ventilation Correct ans - A. Bag and mask
What is the next step in the assessment of a traumatic patient after airway is
established? Correct ans - Breathing
Blood group that is considered a universal donor Correct ans - O
, A provider is examining a patient who sustained a severe traumatic head
injury. He documents no Doll's eyes. What does this signify? Correct ans
- Brainstem injury
Which of the following is the least preferred method of administering IV
fluids?
A. Cubital veins
B. Cephalic veins
C. Subclavian veins
D. Saphenous vein Correct ans - Subclavian veins
Dermatome level for nipple sensation
Dermatome level for umbilicus Correct ans - T4
T10
At which temperature would a hypothermic patient stop shivering?
Correct ans - 88 degrees F
What is the energy recommendation for the first defibrillation in an adult (*)
Correct ans - 300 J
Pharmacologic effects of Morphine Correct ans - Behavioral changes
Analgesia
Respiratory depression
NOT diarrhea
A patient with which condition should be triaged to receive medical attention
first?
A. Choking
B. Dizziness
C. Leg cramp
D. Vomiting Correct ans - A. Choking
For pediatric patients, what volume of fluid resuscitation should be given
initially in the setting of shock?
A. 750 mL of saline uniformly
B. 1 liter of saline
C. 20 mL/kg of 0.45% NaCl with 5% glucose
D. 10 to 20 mL/kg of Ringers lactate Correct ans - D. 10 to 20 mL/kg of
Ringers lactate
A patient is found unconscious after a fire in his bedroom. He is found to
have severe burns around his face. What is the first aspect of treatment?
