BIOL 3150 CHAPTER 15 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
brain size and intelligence
do not correlate; number of active synapses and how they are wired determines
intelligence
Men larger than female
Brainstem (3 components)
midbrain, pons, medulla
gyrus and sulcus
ridges (gyri) and grooves (sulci) of cortex which increase surface area; fissures (deep
sulci) divide cerebrum into lobes
both in cerebellum too
rostral
toward the front of brain
caudal
toward the back of brain
lissencephaly
smooth brain
severe retardation, lots of seizures, don't live past 5 y/o
shows importance of sulci and gyri
brain development (3)
,begins at rostral end of neural tube
regions undergo disproportionate growth rates
restricted by membranous skull
skull shaping brain in development (2)
2 main flexures bend the brain toward the stem
convolutions (creases and folds) form to increase SA
2 main flexures that bend brain toward stem
midbrain and cervical
gray matter
outer brain layer made of cell bodies and unmyelinated neurons
white matter
inner brain layer appears white bc of myelination
internal capsule
white matter area of high traffic
cerebral nuclei
gray matter clusters deep to white matter
cerebellum gray and white matter
same as cerebrum:
outer gray, then white, then some gray inside
gray/white matter from brain to spinal cord
we lose the outer layer of gray matter when we go to the spinal cord, so the SC has
outer white and inner gray
brain protection/isolation structures (4)
, cranium
meninges
CSF
blood brain barrier
cranium
skull that protects the brain
meninges
CT layers that protect and support tissue
partition the brain
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
cushioning fluid in cranial case
blood brain barrier
keep harmful substances in blood out of brain
blood brain barrier structure (2)
capillaries- simple squam ep have tight junctions to seal barrier
astrocytes- actively monitor the wall/environment of the BBB
dura mater
most external meninge
2 layers separated and form dural venous sinus
2 dura mater layers
periosteal and meningeal
periosteal layer
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
brain size and intelligence
do not correlate; number of active synapses and how they are wired determines
intelligence
Men larger than female
Brainstem (3 components)
midbrain, pons, medulla
gyrus and sulcus
ridges (gyri) and grooves (sulci) of cortex which increase surface area; fissures (deep
sulci) divide cerebrum into lobes
both in cerebellum too
rostral
toward the front of brain
caudal
toward the back of brain
lissencephaly
smooth brain
severe retardation, lots of seizures, don't live past 5 y/o
shows importance of sulci and gyri
brain development (3)
,begins at rostral end of neural tube
regions undergo disproportionate growth rates
restricted by membranous skull
skull shaping brain in development (2)
2 main flexures bend the brain toward the stem
convolutions (creases and folds) form to increase SA
2 main flexures that bend brain toward stem
midbrain and cervical
gray matter
outer brain layer made of cell bodies and unmyelinated neurons
white matter
inner brain layer appears white bc of myelination
internal capsule
white matter area of high traffic
cerebral nuclei
gray matter clusters deep to white matter
cerebellum gray and white matter
same as cerebrum:
outer gray, then white, then some gray inside
gray/white matter from brain to spinal cord
we lose the outer layer of gray matter when we go to the spinal cord, so the SC has
outer white and inner gray
brain protection/isolation structures (4)
, cranium
meninges
CSF
blood brain barrier
cranium
skull that protects the brain
meninges
CT layers that protect and support tissue
partition the brain
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
cushioning fluid in cranial case
blood brain barrier
keep harmful substances in blood out of brain
blood brain barrier structure (2)
capillaries- simple squam ep have tight junctions to seal barrier
astrocytes- actively monitor the wall/environment of the BBB
dura mater
most external meninge
2 layers separated and form dural venous sinus
2 dura mater layers
periosteal and meningeal
periosteal layer
