Motor Speech Disorders Exam 1
1. speech sound disorders that are neurologically based: motor speech
disor- ders
2. disorder related to execution: dysarthria
3. disorder related to motor planning: apraxia of speech
4. reflects an impaired capacity to plan or program sensorimotor commands
necessary for directing movements that result in phonetically and
prosodical- ly normal speech: apraxia of speech
5. apraxia of speech
impacts... ability to motor
movements
(purposeful/direct) movements
can occur in the of weakness or neuromuscular
slowness often see in combination with : program
volition
al
absenc
e
aphasi
a
6. name for a group of neurologic speech disorders that reflect
abnormalities in the strength, speed, range, steadiness, tone, or accuracy of
movements required for the breathing, phonatory, resonatory, articulatory,
or prosodic aspect of speech production: dysarthria
7. neurological basis of dysarthria (system, causes, onset, course): central
or peripheral system
numerous causes (TBI, stroke, CP, disease
processes) acquired or congenital
improves, worsens, or stabilizes
8. single area/contiguous group of structures: focal (stroke, tumor, Bell
Palsy)
9. involving more than one area: multifocal (MS, multiple strokes, CP, ALS)
10.roughly symmetrical or "global": diffuse (TBI, CP)
11.do not expect symptoms of dysarthria to worsen, expect some
improve- ment or stabilization: nonprogressive dysarthria
12.common etiologies of nonprogressive dysarthria: stroke, TBI, CP
13.expect symptoms of dysarthria to worsen, "plateaus" with eventual
decline over time: progressive dysarthria
14.common etiologies of progressive dysarthria: diseases such as PD, ALS
15.dysarthria impairs speech : movements
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, Motor Speech Disorders Exam 1
16. dysarthria:
slow, weak, coordinated
impacts of speech in some manner (respiration, phonation,
etc.) severity ranges from to
perceptual characteristics vary depending on : less
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, Motor Speech Disorders Exam 1
subsystems
mild,
profound
motor system involvement
17.Darley, Aronson, and Brown identified of speech symptoms char-
acteristic of etiologies: clusters, different
18.flaccid: LMN (cranial nerves)
19.spastic: UMN (bilateral damage of brain)
20.ataxic: cerebellar circuitry
21.hypokinetic: basal ganglia circuitry
22.hyperkinetic: basal ganglia circuitry
23.mixed: more than 1 motor system (CP, ALS)
24.unilateral UMN: one tract of UMNs (stroke)
25.undetermined: unknown
26. conclusions/significance of Darley et al. to clinical practice:
the underlying neurological of dysarthria is important (provides
clues) ability to identify features is important to differential diagnosis (may
assist): etiology
perceptual
27. dysarthria of speech:
of severity
impacts one or more subsystems of speech in some manner ( = spe-
cific subsystem; = impacting all subsystems)
characteristics vary depending on motor system
involvement may with other disorders of communication:
continuum
focal,
generalized
perceptual
coexist
28.severity is often characterized by and : intelligibility,
natural- ness
29.how well is a speaker understood, word correctness, speaking
context (word, sentence, narrative): intelligibility
30.how natural sounding is the speaker, degree of bizarreness, speech
calls attention to self: naturalness
31.methods of study: perceptual, instrumental
32.listening/describing speech (intelligibility, naturalness): perceptual
33.acoustic, physiologic, visual imaging: instrumental
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1. speech sound disorders that are neurologically based: motor speech
disor- ders
2. disorder related to execution: dysarthria
3. disorder related to motor planning: apraxia of speech
4. reflects an impaired capacity to plan or program sensorimotor commands
necessary for directing movements that result in phonetically and
prosodical- ly normal speech: apraxia of speech
5. apraxia of speech
impacts... ability to motor
movements
(purposeful/direct) movements
can occur in the of weakness or neuromuscular
slowness often see in combination with : program
volition
al
absenc
e
aphasi
a
6. name for a group of neurologic speech disorders that reflect
abnormalities in the strength, speed, range, steadiness, tone, or accuracy of
movements required for the breathing, phonatory, resonatory, articulatory,
or prosodic aspect of speech production: dysarthria
7. neurological basis of dysarthria (system, causes, onset, course): central
or peripheral system
numerous causes (TBI, stroke, CP, disease
processes) acquired or congenital
improves, worsens, or stabilizes
8. single area/contiguous group of structures: focal (stroke, tumor, Bell
Palsy)
9. involving more than one area: multifocal (MS, multiple strokes, CP, ALS)
10.roughly symmetrical or "global": diffuse (TBI, CP)
11.do not expect symptoms of dysarthria to worsen, expect some
improve- ment or stabilization: nonprogressive dysarthria
12.common etiologies of nonprogressive dysarthria: stroke, TBI, CP
13.expect symptoms of dysarthria to worsen, "plateaus" with eventual
decline over time: progressive dysarthria
14.common etiologies of progressive dysarthria: diseases such as PD, ALS
15.dysarthria impairs speech : movements
1/9
, Motor Speech Disorders Exam 1
16. dysarthria:
slow, weak, coordinated
impacts of speech in some manner (respiration, phonation,
etc.) severity ranges from to
perceptual characteristics vary depending on : less
2/9
, Motor Speech Disorders Exam 1
subsystems
mild,
profound
motor system involvement
17.Darley, Aronson, and Brown identified of speech symptoms char-
acteristic of etiologies: clusters, different
18.flaccid: LMN (cranial nerves)
19.spastic: UMN (bilateral damage of brain)
20.ataxic: cerebellar circuitry
21.hypokinetic: basal ganglia circuitry
22.hyperkinetic: basal ganglia circuitry
23.mixed: more than 1 motor system (CP, ALS)
24.unilateral UMN: one tract of UMNs (stroke)
25.undetermined: unknown
26. conclusions/significance of Darley et al. to clinical practice:
the underlying neurological of dysarthria is important (provides
clues) ability to identify features is important to differential diagnosis (may
assist): etiology
perceptual
27. dysarthria of speech:
of severity
impacts one or more subsystems of speech in some manner ( = spe-
cific subsystem; = impacting all subsystems)
characteristics vary depending on motor system
involvement may with other disorders of communication:
continuum
focal,
generalized
perceptual
coexist
28.severity is often characterized by and : intelligibility,
natural- ness
29.how well is a speaker understood, word correctness, speaking
context (word, sentence, narrative): intelligibility
30.how natural sounding is the speaker, degree of bizarreness, speech
calls attention to self: naturalness
31.methods of study: perceptual, instrumental
32.listening/describing speech (intelligibility, naturalness): perceptual
33.acoustic, physiologic, visual imaging: instrumental
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