Test Bank for Advanced Assessment: Interpreting Findings
g g g g g g g
and Formulating Differential Diagnoses, 5th Edition, Mary JoG
g g g g g g g g
oolsby, Laurie GrubbsChapter 1 - 22 | Complete
g g g g g g g g
,Chapter 1. Assessment and Clinical Decision-Making: Overview
g g g g g g
MultiplegChoice
Identifygthegchoicegthatgbestgcompletesgthegstatementgorganswersgthegquestion.
g 1. Whichgtypegofgclinicalgdecision-makinggisgmostgreliable?
A. Intuitive
B. Analytical
C. Experiential
D. Augenblick
g 2. Whichgofgthegfollowinggisgfalse?gTogobtaingadequateghistory,ghealth-caregprovidersgmustgbe:
A. Methodicalgandgsystematic
B. Attentivegtogthegpatient’sgverbalgandgnonverbalglanguage
C. Ablegtogaccuratelyginterpretgthegpatient’sgresponses
D. Adeptgatgreadinggintogthegpatient’sgstatements
Essentialgpartsgofgaghealthghistorygincludegallgofgthegfollowinggexcept:
g 3. A. Chiefgcomplaint
B. Historygofgthegpresentgillness
C. Currentgvitalgsigns
D. Allgofgthegabovegaregessentialghistorygcomponents
Whichgofgthegfollowinggisgfalse?gWhilegperforminggthegphysicalgexamination,gthegexaminergmustgbega
g 4. blegto:
A. Differentiategbetweengnormalgandgabnormalgfindings
B. Recallgknowledgegofgagrangegofgconditionsgandgtheirgassociatedgsignsgandgsymptoms
C. Recognizeghowgcertaingconditionsgaffectgthegresponsegtogothergconditions
D. Foreseegunpredictablegfindings
Thegfollowinggisgthegleastgreliablegsourcegofginformationgforgdiagnosticgstatistics:
g 5. A. Evidence-basedginvestigations
B. Primarygreportsgofgresearch
C. Estimationgbasedgongagprovider’sgexperience
D. Publishedgmeta-analyses
Thegfollowinggcangbegusedgtogassistgingsoundgclinicalgdecision-making:
g 6. A. Algorithmgpublishedgingagpeer-reviewedgjournalgarticle
B. Clinicalgpracticegguidelines
C. Evidence-basedgresearch
D. Allgofgthegabove
Ifgagdiagnosticgstudyghasghighgsensitivity,gthisgindicatesga:
A. Highgpercentagegofgpersonsgwithgtheggivengconditiongwillghavegangabnormalgresult
g 7. B. Lowgpercentagegofgpersonsgwithgtheggivengconditiongwillghavegangabnormalgresult
C. Lowglikelihoodgofgnormalgresultgingpersonsgwithoutgaggivengcondition
D. Nonegofgthegabove
,g 8. Ifgagdiagnosticgstudyghasghighgspecificity,gthisgindicatesga:
A. Lowgpercentagegofghealthygindividualsgwillgshowgagnormalgresult
B. Highgpercentagegofghealthygindividualsgwillgshowgagnormalgresult
C. Highgpercentagegofgindividualsgwithgagdisordergwillgshowgagnormalgresult
D. Lowgpercentagegofgindividualsgwithgagdisordergwillgshowgangabnormalgresult
g 9. Aglikelihoodgratiogaboveg1gindicatesgthatgagdiagnosticgtestgshowingga:
A. Positivegresultgisgstronglygassociatedgwithgthegdisease
B. Negativegresultg isgstronglygassociatedgwithgabsencegofgthegdisease
C. Positivegresultgisgweaklygassociatedgwithgthegdisease
D. Negativegresultg isgweaklygassociatedgwithgabsencegofgthegdisease
g ggg 10.gWhichgofgthegfollowinggclinicalgreasoninggtoolsgisgdefinedgasgevidence-
basedgresourcegbasedgongmathematicalgmodelinggtogexpressgtheglikelihoodgofgagconditiongingselectg
situations,gsettings,gand/orgpatients?
A. Clinicalgpracticegguidelineg
B. ClinicalgdecisiongrulegClin
C. icalg algorithmgClinicalgrec
D. ommendation
, Chapter 1. Assessment and Clinical Decision-Making: Overview
g g g g g g
Answer Section
g
MULTIPLEgCHOICE
1. ANS:g B
Croskerryg(2009)gdescribesgtwogmajorgtypesgofgclinicalgdiagnosticgdecision-
making:gintuitivegandganalytical.gIntuitivegdecision-makingg(similargtogAugenblinkgdecision-
making)gisgbasedgongthegexperiencegandgintuitiongofgthegcliniciangandgisglessgreliablegandgpairedgwit
hgfairlygcommongerrors.gIngcontrast,ganalyticalgdecision-
makinggisgbasedgongcarefulgconsiderationgandghasggreatergreliabilitygwithgraregerrors.
PTS: 1
2. ANS:g D
Togobtaingadequateghistory,gprovidersgmustgbegwellgorganized,gattentivegtogthegpatient’sgverbalgandg
nonverbalglanguage,gandgablegtogaccuratelyginterpretgthegpatient’sgresponsesgtogquestions.gRatherg
thangreadinggintogthegpatient’sgstatements,gtheygclarifyganygareasgofguncertainty.
PTS: 1
3. ANS:g C
Vitalgsignsgaregpartgofgthegphysicalgexaminationgportiongofgpatientgassessment,gnotgpartgofgtheghealthghist
ory.
PTS: 1
4. ANS:g D
Whilegperforminggthegphysicalgexamination,gthegexaminergmustgbegablegtogdifferentiategbetweengn
ormalgandgabnormalgfindings,grecallgknowledgegofgagrangegofgconditions,gincludinggtheirgassociated
gsignsgandgsymptoms,grecognizeghowgcertaingconditionsgaffectgthegresponsegtogothergconditions,ga
ndgdistinguishgthegrelevancegofgvariedgabnormalgfindings.
PTS: 1
5. ANS:g C
Sourcesgforgdiagnosticgstatisticsgincludegtextbooks,gprimarygreportsgofgresearch,gandgpublishedgm
eta-
analyses.gAnothergsourcegofgstatistics,gthegonegthatghasgbeengmostgwidelygusedgandgavailablegforga
pplicationgtogthegreasoninggprocess,gisgthegestimationgbasedgongagprovider’sgexperience,galthough
gthesegaregrarelygaccurate.gOvergthegpastgdecade,gthegavailabilitygofgevidencegongwhichgtogbasegcli
nicalgreasoninggisgimproving,gandgtheregisgangincreasinggexpectationgthatgclinicalgreasoninggbegbase
dgongscientificgevidence.gEvidence-
basedgstatisticsgaregalsogincreasinglygbeinggusedgtogdevelopgresourcesgtogfacilitategclinicalgdecisio
n-making.
PTS: 1
6. ANS:g D
Togassistgingclinicalgdecision-making,gagnumbergofgevidence-
basedgresourcesghavegbeengdevelopedgtogassistgthegclinician.gResources,gsuchgasgalgorithmsgandgcli
nicalgpracticegguidelines,gassistgingclinicalgreasoninggwhengproperlygapplied.
Downloadedgby:gStuviaaag|
m
Distributiongofgthisgdocumentgisgillegal
g g g g g g g
and Formulating Differential Diagnoses, 5th Edition, Mary JoG
g g g g g g g g
oolsby, Laurie GrubbsChapter 1 - 22 | Complete
g g g g g g g g
,Chapter 1. Assessment and Clinical Decision-Making: Overview
g g g g g g
MultiplegChoice
Identifygthegchoicegthatgbestgcompletesgthegstatementgorganswersgthegquestion.
g 1. Whichgtypegofgclinicalgdecision-makinggisgmostgreliable?
A. Intuitive
B. Analytical
C. Experiential
D. Augenblick
g 2. Whichgofgthegfollowinggisgfalse?gTogobtaingadequateghistory,ghealth-caregprovidersgmustgbe:
A. Methodicalgandgsystematic
B. Attentivegtogthegpatient’sgverbalgandgnonverbalglanguage
C. Ablegtogaccuratelyginterpretgthegpatient’sgresponses
D. Adeptgatgreadinggintogthegpatient’sgstatements
Essentialgpartsgofgaghealthghistorygincludegallgofgthegfollowinggexcept:
g 3. A. Chiefgcomplaint
B. Historygofgthegpresentgillness
C. Currentgvitalgsigns
D. Allgofgthegabovegaregessentialghistorygcomponents
Whichgofgthegfollowinggisgfalse?gWhilegperforminggthegphysicalgexamination,gthegexaminergmustgbega
g 4. blegto:
A. Differentiategbetweengnormalgandgabnormalgfindings
B. Recallgknowledgegofgagrangegofgconditionsgandgtheirgassociatedgsignsgandgsymptoms
C. Recognizeghowgcertaingconditionsgaffectgthegresponsegtogothergconditions
D. Foreseegunpredictablegfindings
Thegfollowinggisgthegleastgreliablegsourcegofginformationgforgdiagnosticgstatistics:
g 5. A. Evidence-basedginvestigations
B. Primarygreportsgofgresearch
C. Estimationgbasedgongagprovider’sgexperience
D. Publishedgmeta-analyses
Thegfollowinggcangbegusedgtogassistgingsoundgclinicalgdecision-making:
g 6. A. Algorithmgpublishedgingagpeer-reviewedgjournalgarticle
B. Clinicalgpracticegguidelines
C. Evidence-basedgresearch
D. Allgofgthegabove
Ifgagdiagnosticgstudyghasghighgsensitivity,gthisgindicatesga:
A. Highgpercentagegofgpersonsgwithgtheggivengconditiongwillghavegangabnormalgresult
g 7. B. Lowgpercentagegofgpersonsgwithgtheggivengconditiongwillghavegangabnormalgresult
C. Lowglikelihoodgofgnormalgresultgingpersonsgwithoutgaggivengcondition
D. Nonegofgthegabove
,g 8. Ifgagdiagnosticgstudyghasghighgspecificity,gthisgindicatesga:
A. Lowgpercentagegofghealthygindividualsgwillgshowgagnormalgresult
B. Highgpercentagegofghealthygindividualsgwillgshowgagnormalgresult
C. Highgpercentagegofgindividualsgwithgagdisordergwillgshowgagnormalgresult
D. Lowgpercentagegofgindividualsgwithgagdisordergwillgshowgangabnormalgresult
g 9. Aglikelihoodgratiogaboveg1gindicatesgthatgagdiagnosticgtestgshowingga:
A. Positivegresultgisgstronglygassociatedgwithgthegdisease
B. Negativegresultg isgstronglygassociatedgwithgabsencegofgthegdisease
C. Positivegresultgisgweaklygassociatedgwithgthegdisease
D. Negativegresultg isgweaklygassociatedgwithgabsencegofgthegdisease
g ggg 10.gWhichgofgthegfollowinggclinicalgreasoninggtoolsgisgdefinedgasgevidence-
basedgresourcegbasedgongmathematicalgmodelinggtogexpressgtheglikelihoodgofgagconditiongingselectg
situations,gsettings,gand/orgpatients?
A. Clinicalgpracticegguidelineg
B. ClinicalgdecisiongrulegClin
C. icalg algorithmgClinicalgrec
D. ommendation
, Chapter 1. Assessment and Clinical Decision-Making: Overview
g g g g g g
Answer Section
g
MULTIPLEgCHOICE
1. ANS:g B
Croskerryg(2009)gdescribesgtwogmajorgtypesgofgclinicalgdiagnosticgdecision-
making:gintuitivegandganalytical.gIntuitivegdecision-makingg(similargtogAugenblinkgdecision-
making)gisgbasedgongthegexperiencegandgintuitiongofgthegcliniciangandgisglessgreliablegandgpairedgwit
hgfairlygcommongerrors.gIngcontrast,ganalyticalgdecision-
makinggisgbasedgongcarefulgconsiderationgandghasggreatergreliabilitygwithgraregerrors.
PTS: 1
2. ANS:g D
Togobtaingadequateghistory,gprovidersgmustgbegwellgorganized,gattentivegtogthegpatient’sgverbalgandg
nonverbalglanguage,gandgablegtogaccuratelyginterpretgthegpatient’sgresponsesgtogquestions.gRatherg
thangreadinggintogthegpatient’sgstatements,gtheygclarifyganygareasgofguncertainty.
PTS: 1
3. ANS:g C
Vitalgsignsgaregpartgofgthegphysicalgexaminationgportiongofgpatientgassessment,gnotgpartgofgtheghealthghist
ory.
PTS: 1
4. ANS:g D
Whilegperforminggthegphysicalgexamination,gthegexaminergmustgbegablegtogdifferentiategbetweengn
ormalgandgabnormalgfindings,grecallgknowledgegofgagrangegofgconditions,gincludinggtheirgassociated
gsignsgandgsymptoms,grecognizeghowgcertaingconditionsgaffectgthegresponsegtogothergconditions,ga
ndgdistinguishgthegrelevancegofgvariedgabnormalgfindings.
PTS: 1
5. ANS:g C
Sourcesgforgdiagnosticgstatisticsgincludegtextbooks,gprimarygreportsgofgresearch,gandgpublishedgm
eta-
analyses.gAnothergsourcegofgstatistics,gthegonegthatghasgbeengmostgwidelygusedgandgavailablegforga
pplicationgtogthegreasoninggprocess,gisgthegestimationgbasedgongagprovider’sgexperience,galthough
gthesegaregrarelygaccurate.gOvergthegpastgdecade,gthegavailabilitygofgevidencegongwhichgtogbasegcli
nicalgreasoninggisgimproving,gandgtheregisgangincreasinggexpectationgthatgclinicalgreasoninggbegbase
dgongscientificgevidence.gEvidence-
basedgstatisticsgaregalsogincreasinglygbeinggusedgtogdevelopgresourcesgtogfacilitategclinicalgdecisio
n-making.
PTS: 1
6. ANS:g D
Togassistgingclinicalgdecision-making,gagnumbergofgevidence-
basedgresourcesghavegbeengdevelopedgtogassistgthegclinician.gResources,gsuchgasgalgorithmsgandgcli
nicalgpracticegguidelines,gassistgingclinicalgreasoninggwhengproperlygapplied.
Downloadedgby:gStuviaaag|
m
Distributiongofgthisgdocumentgisgillegal
