NREMT Practice Test Bank -
t t t t
Multiple Choice with correct answers 202
t t t t t t
4
Hypoglycemiatandtacutetischemictstroketcantpresenttsimilarlytbecause:
•tA:bothtoxygentandtglucosetaretneededtfortbraintfunction.
•tB:thetmajoritytoftstroketpatientsthavetathistorytoftdiabetes.
•tC:thetmosttcommontcausetoftatstroketisthypoglycemia.
•tD:theytaretbothtcausedtbytlowtlevelstoftglucosetintthetblood.t-tanswers-
•tA:bothtoxygentandtglucosetaretneededtfortbraintfunction.
Reason:tAlthoughtstroketandthypoglycemiatarettwotdistinctlytdifferenttconditions,ttheirtsi
gnstandtsymptomstaretoftentsimilar.tThististbecausetthetbraintrequirestbothtoxygentandtg
lucosettotfunctiontnormally.tAntacutetischemictstroketistcausedtbytatlacktoftoxygenttotatpa
rttoftthetbraintduettotatblockedtcerebraltartery,twhereasthypoglycemiat(lowtbloodtglucosetl
evel)tdeprivestthetentiretbraintoftglucose.tInteithertcase,tthetpatienttpresentstwithtsignstofti
mpairedtbraintfunctiont(ie,tslurredtspeech,tweakness,talteredtmentaltstatus).tBothtconditi
onstmaytleadttotpermanenttbraintdamagetortdeathtiftnotttreatedtpromptly.
Whentdealingtwithtantemotionallytdisturbedtpatient,tyoutshouldtbetMOSTtconcernedtwith
:
•tA:gatheringtalltoftthetpatient'stmedications.
•tB:safelyttransportingttotthethospital.
•tC:whethertthetpatienttcouldtharmtyou.
•tD:obtainingtatcompletetmedicalthistory.t-tanswers-YoutselectedtC;tThististcorrect!
Reason:tWhentmanagingtanytpatienttwithtantemotionaltortpsychiatrictcrisis,tyourtprimaryt
concerntistyourtowntsafety.tSafelyttransportingtthetpatientttotthethospitaltistyourtultimatetg
oal.tIftpossible,tyoutshouldtattemptttotobtaintatmedicalthistorytandtshouldttaketanytoftthetp
atient'stprescribedtmedicationsttotthethospital.tHowever,tthistshouldtnottsupercedetyourt
owntsafetytortinterferetwithtsafelyttransportingtthetpatient.
CONT + t
,NREMT Practice Test Bank -
t t t t
Multiple Choice with correct answers 202
t t t t t t
4
Youtaretattthetscenetwheretatmantpanickedtwhiletswimmingtintatsmalltlake.tYourtinitialtatt
emptttotrescuethimtshouldtinclude:
•tA:rowingtatsmalltraftttotthetvictim.
•tB:reachingtfortthetvictimtwithtatlongtstick.
•tC:throwingtatropettotthetvictim.
•tD:swimmingttotthetvictimttotrescuethim.t-tanswers-YoutselectedtB;tThististcorrect!
Reason:tGeneraltrulesttotfollowtwhentattemptingttotrescuetatpatienttfromtthetwatertinclud
et"reach,tthrow,trow,tandtthentgo."tIntthistcase,tyoutshouldtattemptttotreachtthetvictimtbyth
avingthimtgrabtholdtoftatlargetsticktortsimilartobject.tIftthististunsuccessful,tthrowtthetvictimt
atropetortflotationtdevicet(iftavailable).tIftthesetaretnottavailable,trowttotthetpatienttintatsma
lltraftt(iftavailable).tGoingtintotthetwaterttotretrievetthetvictimtistatlasttresort.tThetrescuertm
usttbetatstrongtswimmertbecausetpatientstwhotaretintdangertoftdrowningtaretintatstatetoftb
lindtpanictandtwilltmaketeverytattemptttotkeeptthemselvestafloat,teventiftittmeanstforcingtt
hetrescuertunderwater.
Howtshouldtyoutclassifytatpatient'stnaturetoftillnesstifthetortshethastatlowtbloodtglucosetlev
el,tbizarretbehavior,tandtshallowtbreathing?
•tA:Behavioraltemergency
•tB:Alteredtmentaltstatus
•tC:Respiratorytemergency
•tD:Cardiactcompromiset-tanswers-ThetcorrecttanswertistB;
Reason:tThetnaturetoftillnesst(NOI)tistthetmedicaltequivalentttotmechanismtoftinjuryt(MOI
).tAlteredtmentaltstatustshouldtbetthetsuspectedtNOItintanytpatienttwithtanytfluctuationtintl
eveltoftconsciousness,twhichtcantrangetfromtbizarretbehaviorttotcompletetunresponsive
ness.tCausestoftantalteredtmentaltstatustincludethypo-
torthyperglycemia,theadttrauma,tstroke,tbehavioraltcrises,tdrugtoverdose,tandtshock,tam
ongtothers.
CONT + t
,NREMT Practice Test Bank -
t t t t
Multiple Choice with correct answers 202
t t t t t t
4
Atyoungtfemaletistunresponsivetaftertoverdosingtontantunknownttypetoftdrug.tHertrespira
tionstaretslowtandtshallowtandthertpulsetistslowtandtweak.tWhichtoftthetfollowingtdrugstistt
hetLEASTtlikelytcausetofthertcondition?
•tA:Seconal
•tB:Heroin
•tC:Cocaine
•tD:Valiumt-tanswers-ThetcorrecttanswertistC;
Reason:tOftthetdrugstlisted,tcocainetwouldtbetthetleasttlikelytcausetoftthetpatient'stconditi
on.tCocainetistatcentraltnervoustsystemt(CNS)tstimulant;tyoutwouldtexpecttherttotbethype
rtensive,ttachycardic,ttachypneic,tandtperhapsteventviolent.tHeroin,tValium,tandtSecona
ltaretalltCNStdepressantstandtcouldtexplainthertcondition.tHerointistantillegaltnarcotict(opi
ate),tValiumtistatbenzodiazepinetsedative-
hypnotictdrug,tandtSeconaltistatbarbiturate.tNarcotics,tbenzodiazepines,tandtbarbiturate
staretalltCNStdepressants.tWhenttakentintexcess,ttheytcausetatdecreasedtleveltoftconsci
ousness,trespiratorytdepression,tbradycardia,tandthypotension.
Activatedtcharcoaltistcontraindicatedtfortatpatienttwhotis:
•tA:conscioustandtalerttandthastingestedtatlargetamounttoftMotrin.
•tB:emotionallytupsettandthastingestedttwotbottlestoftaspirin.
•tC:agitatedtandtclaimsttothavetingestedtatbottletoftTylenol.
•tD:awaketandtalerttandthastswallowedtatcommercialtdraintcleaner.t-tanswers-
YoutselectedtD;tThististcorrect!
Reason:Activatedtcharcoaltadsorbst(stickstto)tmanytingestedtsubstances,tpreventingtth
emtfromtbeingtabsorbedtintotthetbodytbytthetstomachtortintestines.tIntsometcases,tyoutm
aytgivetactivatedtcharcoalttotpatientstwhothavetingestedtcertaintsubstances,tiftapprovedt
bytmedicaltcontroltortlocaltprotocol.tActivatedtcharcoaltistcontraindicatedtfortpatientstwho
thavetingestedtantacidtortalkalit(ie,tdraintcleaner)tortatpetroleumtproductt(ie,tgasoline),twh
CONT + t
, NREMT Practice Test Bank -
t t t t
Multiple Choice with correct answers 202
t t t t t t
4
othavetatdecreasedtleveltoftconsciousnesstandtcannottprotectttheirtowntairway,tortwhotar
etunablettotswallow.
ThetMOSTtobvioustwayttotreducetheattlosstfromtradiationtandtconvectiontistto:
•tA:movetawaytfromtatcoldtobject.
•tB:increasetmetabolismtbytshivering.
•tC:weartatthicktwind-prooftjacket.
•tD:movettotatwarmertenvironment.t-tanswers-youtselectedtD;tThististcorrect!
Reason:Intatcoldtenvironment,tthetbodythasttwotwaystoftstayingtwarm:tgeneratingtheatt(t
hermogenesis)tandtreducingtheattloss.tRadiationtistthettransfertoftheattbytradianttenergy.
tThetbodytcantlosetheattbytradiation,tsuchtastwhentatpersontstandstintatcoldtroom.tConve
ctiontoccurstwhentheattisttransferredttotcirculatingtair,tastwhentcooltairtmovestacrosstthet
body'stsurface.tAtpersontstandingtintwindytcoldtweather,twearingtlightweighttclothing,tistl
osingtheatttotthetenvironmenttmostlytbytconvection.tThetquickesttandtmosttobvioustwaytt
otdecreasetheattlosstfromtradiationtandtconvectiontisttotmovetouttoftthetcoldtenvironmentt
andtseektsheltertfromtwind.tShiveringtincreasestthetbody'stmetabolismtandtistatmechani
smtfortgeneratingtheat,tnottreducingtheattloss.tLayerstoftclothingttraptairtandtprovidetexce
llenttinsulation;tthus,tlayeredtclothingtdecreasestheattlosstbettertthantatsingle,tthicktjacke
t.tConductiontistthetdirectttransfertoftheattfromtatparttoftthetbodyttotatcoldertobjecttbytdirect
tcontact,tastwhentatwarmthandttouchestcoldtmetaltortice.tThetmosttobvioustwayttotdecrea
setheattlosstbytconductiontisttotremovetyourthandtfromtthetcoldtobject.
Atnear-drowningtistMOSTtaccuratelytdefinedtas:
•tA:complicationstwithint24thourstfollowingtsubmersiontintwater.
•tB:immediatetdeathtduettotprolongedtsubmersiontintwater.
•tC:survivaltfortattleastt24thourstfollowingtsubmersiontintwater.
•tD:deathtgreatertthant24thourstfollowingtsubmersiontintwater.t-tanswers-
YoutselectedtC;tThististcorrect!
CONT + t
t t t t
Multiple Choice with correct answers 202
t t t t t t
4
Hypoglycemiatandtacutetischemictstroketcantpresenttsimilarlytbecause:
•tA:bothtoxygentandtglucosetaretneededtfortbraintfunction.
•tB:thetmajoritytoftstroketpatientsthavetathistorytoftdiabetes.
•tC:thetmosttcommontcausetoftatstroketisthypoglycemia.
•tD:theytaretbothtcausedtbytlowtlevelstoftglucosetintthetblood.t-tanswers-
•tA:bothtoxygentandtglucosetaretneededtfortbraintfunction.
Reason:tAlthoughtstroketandthypoglycemiatarettwotdistinctlytdifferenttconditions,ttheirtsi
gnstandtsymptomstaretoftentsimilar.tThististbecausetthetbraintrequirestbothtoxygentandtg
lucosettotfunctiontnormally.tAntacutetischemictstroketistcausedtbytatlacktoftoxygenttotatpa
rttoftthetbraintduettotatblockedtcerebraltartery,twhereasthypoglycemiat(lowtbloodtglucosetl
evel)tdeprivestthetentiretbraintoftglucose.tInteithertcase,tthetpatienttpresentstwithtsignstofti
mpairedtbraintfunctiont(ie,tslurredtspeech,tweakness,talteredtmentaltstatus).tBothtconditi
onstmaytleadttotpermanenttbraintdamagetortdeathtiftnotttreatedtpromptly.
Whentdealingtwithtantemotionallytdisturbedtpatient,tyoutshouldtbetMOSTtconcernedtwith
:
•tA:gatheringtalltoftthetpatient'stmedications.
•tB:safelyttransportingttotthethospital.
•tC:whethertthetpatienttcouldtharmtyou.
•tD:obtainingtatcompletetmedicalthistory.t-tanswers-YoutselectedtC;tThististcorrect!
Reason:tWhentmanagingtanytpatienttwithtantemotionaltortpsychiatrictcrisis,tyourtprimaryt
concerntistyourtowntsafety.tSafelyttransportingtthetpatientttotthethospitaltistyourtultimatetg
oal.tIftpossible,tyoutshouldtattemptttotobtaintatmedicalthistorytandtshouldttaketanytoftthetp
atient'stprescribedtmedicationsttotthethospital.tHowever,tthistshouldtnottsupercedetyourt
owntsafetytortinterferetwithtsafelyttransportingtthetpatient.
CONT + t
,NREMT Practice Test Bank -
t t t t
Multiple Choice with correct answers 202
t t t t t t
4
Youtaretattthetscenetwheretatmantpanickedtwhiletswimmingtintatsmalltlake.tYourtinitialtatt
emptttotrescuethimtshouldtinclude:
•tA:rowingtatsmalltraftttotthetvictim.
•tB:reachingtfortthetvictimtwithtatlongtstick.
•tC:throwingtatropettotthetvictim.
•tD:swimmingttotthetvictimttotrescuethim.t-tanswers-YoutselectedtB;tThististcorrect!
Reason:tGeneraltrulesttotfollowtwhentattemptingttotrescuetatpatienttfromtthetwatertinclud
et"reach,tthrow,trow,tandtthentgo."tIntthistcase,tyoutshouldtattemptttotreachtthetvictimtbyth
avingthimtgrabtholdtoftatlargetsticktortsimilartobject.tIftthististunsuccessful,tthrowtthetvictimt
atropetortflotationtdevicet(iftavailable).tIftthesetaretnottavailable,trowttotthetpatienttintatsma
lltraftt(iftavailable).tGoingtintotthetwaterttotretrievetthetvictimtistatlasttresort.tThetrescuertm
usttbetatstrongtswimmertbecausetpatientstwhotaretintdangertoftdrowningtaretintatstatetoftb
lindtpanictandtwilltmaketeverytattemptttotkeeptthemselvestafloat,teventiftittmeanstforcingtt
hetrescuertunderwater.
Howtshouldtyoutclassifytatpatient'stnaturetoftillnesstifthetortshethastatlowtbloodtglucosetlev
el,tbizarretbehavior,tandtshallowtbreathing?
•tA:Behavioraltemergency
•tB:Alteredtmentaltstatus
•tC:Respiratorytemergency
•tD:Cardiactcompromiset-tanswers-ThetcorrecttanswertistB;
Reason:tThetnaturetoftillnesst(NOI)tistthetmedicaltequivalentttotmechanismtoftinjuryt(MOI
).tAlteredtmentaltstatustshouldtbetthetsuspectedtNOItintanytpatienttwithtanytfluctuationtintl
eveltoftconsciousness,twhichtcantrangetfromtbizarretbehaviorttotcompletetunresponsive
ness.tCausestoftantalteredtmentaltstatustincludethypo-
torthyperglycemia,theadttrauma,tstroke,tbehavioraltcrises,tdrugtoverdose,tandtshock,tam
ongtothers.
CONT + t
,NREMT Practice Test Bank -
t t t t
Multiple Choice with correct answers 202
t t t t t t
4
Atyoungtfemaletistunresponsivetaftertoverdosingtontantunknownttypetoftdrug.tHertrespira
tionstaretslowtandtshallowtandthertpulsetistslowtandtweak.tWhichtoftthetfollowingtdrugstistt
hetLEASTtlikelytcausetofthertcondition?
•tA:Seconal
•tB:Heroin
•tC:Cocaine
•tD:Valiumt-tanswers-ThetcorrecttanswertistC;
Reason:tOftthetdrugstlisted,tcocainetwouldtbetthetleasttlikelytcausetoftthetpatient'stconditi
on.tCocainetistatcentraltnervoustsystemt(CNS)tstimulant;tyoutwouldtexpecttherttotbethype
rtensive,ttachycardic,ttachypneic,tandtperhapsteventviolent.tHeroin,tValium,tandtSecona
ltaretalltCNStdepressantstandtcouldtexplainthertcondition.tHerointistantillegaltnarcotict(opi
ate),tValiumtistatbenzodiazepinetsedative-
hypnotictdrug,tandtSeconaltistatbarbiturate.tNarcotics,tbenzodiazepines,tandtbarbiturate
staretalltCNStdepressants.tWhenttakentintexcess,ttheytcausetatdecreasedtleveltoftconsci
ousness,trespiratorytdepression,tbradycardia,tandthypotension.
Activatedtcharcoaltistcontraindicatedtfortatpatienttwhotis:
•tA:conscioustandtalerttandthastingestedtatlargetamounttoftMotrin.
•tB:emotionallytupsettandthastingestedttwotbottlestoftaspirin.
•tC:agitatedtandtclaimsttothavetingestedtatbottletoftTylenol.
•tD:awaketandtalerttandthastswallowedtatcommercialtdraintcleaner.t-tanswers-
YoutselectedtD;tThististcorrect!
Reason:Activatedtcharcoaltadsorbst(stickstto)tmanytingestedtsubstances,tpreventingtth
emtfromtbeingtabsorbedtintotthetbodytbytthetstomachtortintestines.tIntsometcases,tyoutm
aytgivetactivatedtcharcoalttotpatientstwhothavetingestedtcertaintsubstances,tiftapprovedt
bytmedicaltcontroltortlocaltprotocol.tActivatedtcharcoaltistcontraindicatedtfortpatientstwho
thavetingestedtantacidtortalkalit(ie,tdraintcleaner)tortatpetroleumtproductt(ie,tgasoline),twh
CONT + t
, NREMT Practice Test Bank -
t t t t
Multiple Choice with correct answers 202
t t t t t t
4
othavetatdecreasedtleveltoftconsciousnesstandtcannottprotectttheirtowntairway,tortwhotar
etunablettotswallow.
ThetMOSTtobvioustwayttotreducetheattlosstfromtradiationtandtconvectiontistto:
•tA:movetawaytfromtatcoldtobject.
•tB:increasetmetabolismtbytshivering.
•tC:weartatthicktwind-prooftjacket.
•tD:movettotatwarmertenvironment.t-tanswers-youtselectedtD;tThististcorrect!
Reason:Intatcoldtenvironment,tthetbodythasttwotwaystoftstayingtwarm:tgeneratingtheatt(t
hermogenesis)tandtreducingtheattloss.tRadiationtistthettransfertoftheattbytradianttenergy.
tThetbodytcantlosetheattbytradiation,tsuchtastwhentatpersontstandstintatcoldtroom.tConve
ctiontoccurstwhentheattisttransferredttotcirculatingtair,tastwhentcooltairtmovestacrosstthet
body'stsurface.tAtpersontstandingtintwindytcoldtweather,twearingtlightweighttclothing,tistl
osingtheatttotthetenvironmenttmostlytbytconvection.tThetquickesttandtmosttobvioustwaytt
otdecreasetheattlosstfromtradiationtandtconvectiontisttotmovetouttoftthetcoldtenvironmentt
andtseektsheltertfromtwind.tShiveringtincreasestthetbody'stmetabolismtandtistatmechani
smtfortgeneratingtheat,tnottreducingtheattloss.tLayerstoftclothingttraptairtandtprovidetexce
llenttinsulation;tthus,tlayeredtclothingtdecreasestheattlosstbettertthantatsingle,tthicktjacke
t.tConductiontistthetdirectttransfertoftheattfromtatparttoftthetbodyttotatcoldertobjecttbytdirect
tcontact,tastwhentatwarmthandttouchestcoldtmetaltortice.tThetmosttobvioustwayttotdecrea
setheattlosstbytconductiontisttotremovetyourthandtfromtthetcoldtobject.
Atnear-drowningtistMOSTtaccuratelytdefinedtas:
•tA:complicationstwithint24thourstfollowingtsubmersiontintwater.
•tB:immediatetdeathtduettotprolongedtsubmersiontintwater.
•tC:survivaltfortattleastt24thourstfollowingtsubmersiontintwater.
•tD:deathtgreatertthant24thourstfollowingtsubmersiontintwater.t-tanswers-
YoutselectedtC;tThististcorrect!
CONT + t
