PHYS 261 MOST ASKED QUESTIONS AND 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS
Enzyme
A type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing and has
specific substrates
Osmosis
No ATP required - low to high concentration
The flow of water across a selectively permeable membrane
Which part of fluid makes up the cell
2/3 ICF
1/3 Interstitual Fluid and Plasma
Fluid Compartments
A state of chemical disequilibrium
K+ ICF: 150 ECF:5 INSIDE
Na+ ICF:15 ECF:145 OUTSIDE
Cl- ICF:10 ECF:108 OUTSIDE
HCO3- OUTSIDE
Proteins INSIDE
Isotonic
Equal concentration
Cell doesn't change size
Hypertonic
Cell loses water by osmosis = shrinks
Contains a higher concentration of nonpenetrating
Hypotonic
Take on water by osmosis until the become bloated and burst = swells
Contains a lower concentration of nonpenetrating
Active transport
Moves against concentration gradient from an area of high to low
Molecules smallest to largest
Sodium Chloride
Urea
Glucose
Albumin
, Charge of the cell
Negative on the inside, Positive on the outside
3 Na+ out, 2 K+ in
Passive Transport
Moves along the gradient
Facilitated diffusion, ion channel, aquaporins
High to low concentration
Vesicular Transport
Active transport - exocytosis, endocytosis, and phagocytosis
Low to high concentration
Fick's Law
The movement (flux) of mass (molecules) due to diffusion is based on the
concentration of the substances and the area that the substance has to pass
through
Speed of diffusion depends on concentration and the size of the holes
Kidney
Greatest filtration
Glucose
Facilitated diffusion along with Na+ and K+ because they're larger molecules
Symport
Two molecules travel in the same direction (SGLT1)
Antiport
Two substances move in opposite directions (NaCa+)
Glut Transporter
Transfers glucose to ECF by facilitated diffusion
Dyanometer
Measures the power of force
Stroop Test
Measures how we perceive mixed signals
Motor Neuron
Innervated by one unit and a bunch of muscle fibers
Skeletal Muscle
CORRECT ANSWERS
Enzyme
A type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing and has
specific substrates
Osmosis
No ATP required - low to high concentration
The flow of water across a selectively permeable membrane
Which part of fluid makes up the cell
2/3 ICF
1/3 Interstitual Fluid and Plasma
Fluid Compartments
A state of chemical disequilibrium
K+ ICF: 150 ECF:5 INSIDE
Na+ ICF:15 ECF:145 OUTSIDE
Cl- ICF:10 ECF:108 OUTSIDE
HCO3- OUTSIDE
Proteins INSIDE
Isotonic
Equal concentration
Cell doesn't change size
Hypertonic
Cell loses water by osmosis = shrinks
Contains a higher concentration of nonpenetrating
Hypotonic
Take on water by osmosis until the become bloated and burst = swells
Contains a lower concentration of nonpenetrating
Active transport
Moves against concentration gradient from an area of high to low
Molecules smallest to largest
Sodium Chloride
Urea
Glucose
Albumin
, Charge of the cell
Negative on the inside, Positive on the outside
3 Na+ out, 2 K+ in
Passive Transport
Moves along the gradient
Facilitated diffusion, ion channel, aquaporins
High to low concentration
Vesicular Transport
Active transport - exocytosis, endocytosis, and phagocytosis
Low to high concentration
Fick's Law
The movement (flux) of mass (molecules) due to diffusion is based on the
concentration of the substances and the area that the substance has to pass
through
Speed of diffusion depends on concentration and the size of the holes
Kidney
Greatest filtration
Glucose
Facilitated diffusion along with Na+ and K+ because they're larger molecules
Symport
Two molecules travel in the same direction (SGLT1)
Antiport
Two substances move in opposite directions (NaCa+)
Glut Transporter
Transfers glucose to ECF by facilitated diffusion
Dyanometer
Measures the power of force
Stroop Test
Measures how we perceive mixed signals
Motor Neuron
Innervated by one unit and a bunch of muscle fibers
Skeletal Muscle
