Evolve Med Surg Hesi Quiz 2025 Newest
Version// With Elaborated Questions And
Detailed Correct Answers A+ Graded
Which postmenopausal client's complaint should the nurse refer to the healthcare
provider?
A) Breasts feel lumpy when palpated.
B) History of white nipple discharge.
C) Episodes of vaginal bleeding.
D) Excessive diaphoresis occurs at night. - CORRECT ANSWER C) Episodes of
vaginal bleeding.
Postmenopausal vaginal bleeding (C) may be an indication of endometrial cancer,
which should be reported to the healthcare provider. Compared to a new-onset of a
single lump, breasts that feel lumpy (A) overall may be a normal variant or a finding
consistent with nonmalignant fibrocystic disease. Up to 80% of women experience (B),
depending on sexual stimulation or hormonal levels, and is no longer recommended as
a reportable symptom when discovered during breast self-exam (BSE). The client may
need further teaching concerning (D), a disturbing symptom, but it is not as important as
(C).
Dysrhythmias are a concern for any client. However, the presence of a dysrhythmia is
more serious in an elderly person because
A) elderly persons usually live alone and cannot summon help when symptoms appear.
B) elderly persons are more likely to eat high-fat diets which make them susceptible to
heart disease.
C) cardiac symptoms, such as confusion, are more difficult to recognize in the elderly.
,D) elderly persons are intolerant of decreased cardiac output which may result in
dizziness and falls. - CORRECT ANSWER D) elderly persons are intolerant of
decreased cardiac output which may result in dizziness and falls.
Cardiac output is decreased with aging (D). Because of loss of contractility and
elasticity, blood flow is decreased and tachycardia is poorly tolerated. Therefore, if an
elderly person experiences dysrhythmia (tachycardia or bradycardia), further
compromising their cardiac output, they are more likely to experience syncope, falls,
transient ischemic attacks, and possibly dementia. Most elderly persons do not eat high-
fat diets (B) and most are not confused (C). Although many elderly persons do live
alone, inability to summon help (A) cannot be assumed.
A 77-year-old female client is admitted to the hospital. She is confused, has no appetite,
is nauseated and vomiting, and is complaining of a headache. Her pulse rate is 43
beats per minute. Which question is a priority for the nurse to ask this client or her
family on admission? "Does the client
A) have her own teeth or dentures?"
B) take aspirin and if so, how much?"
C) take nitroglycerin?"
D) take digitalis?" - CORRECT ANSWER D) take digitalis?"
Elderly persons are particularly susceptible to digitalis intoxication (D) which manifests
itself in such symptoms as anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, and fatigue.
Although it is important to obtain a complete medication history (B and C), the
symptoms described are classic for digitalis toxicity, and assessment of this problem
should be made promptly. (A) is irrelevant.
The nurse is caring for a client with a continuous feeding through a percutaneous
endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube. Which intervention should the nurse include in the
plan of care?
A) Flush the tube with 50 ml of water q 8 hours.
, B) Check for tube placement and residual volume q4 hours.
C) Obtain a daily x- ray to verify tube placement.
D) Position on left side with head of bed elevated 45 degrees. - CORRECT ANSWER
B) Check for tube placement and residual volume q4 hours.
Tube placement and residual volume should be checked before each feeding (B). Tube
placement is checked by aspiration of stomach contents and measurement of pH. It is
important to check for residual volume because gastric emptying is often delayed during
illness. There is an increased risk for aspiration of the feeding with increased residual
volume. (A, C, and D) are not correct procedures to follow.
The nurse is taking a history of a newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetic who is beginning
treatment. Which subjective information is most important for the nurse to note?
A) A history of obesity.
B) An allergy to sulfa drugs.
C) Cessation of smoking three years ago.
D) Numbness in the soles of the feet. - CORRECT ANSWER B) An allergy to sulfa
drugs.
An allergy to sulfa drugs may make the client unable to use some of the most common
antihyperglycemic agents (sulfonylureas). The nurse needs to highlight this allergy for
the healthcare provider. (A) is common and warrants counseling, but does not have the
importance of (B). (C) does increase the risk for vascular disease, but it is not as
important to the treatment regimen as (B). Diabetic neuropathy, as indicated by (D), is
common with diabetics, but when the serum glucose is decreased, new onset
numbness can possibly improve.
Small bowel obstruction is a condition characterized by which finding?
A) Severe fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
B) Metabolic acidosis.
C) Ribbon-like stools.
Version// With Elaborated Questions And
Detailed Correct Answers A+ Graded
Which postmenopausal client's complaint should the nurse refer to the healthcare
provider?
A) Breasts feel lumpy when palpated.
B) History of white nipple discharge.
C) Episodes of vaginal bleeding.
D) Excessive diaphoresis occurs at night. - CORRECT ANSWER C) Episodes of
vaginal bleeding.
Postmenopausal vaginal bleeding (C) may be an indication of endometrial cancer,
which should be reported to the healthcare provider. Compared to a new-onset of a
single lump, breasts that feel lumpy (A) overall may be a normal variant or a finding
consistent with nonmalignant fibrocystic disease. Up to 80% of women experience (B),
depending on sexual stimulation or hormonal levels, and is no longer recommended as
a reportable symptom when discovered during breast self-exam (BSE). The client may
need further teaching concerning (D), a disturbing symptom, but it is not as important as
(C).
Dysrhythmias are a concern for any client. However, the presence of a dysrhythmia is
more serious in an elderly person because
A) elderly persons usually live alone and cannot summon help when symptoms appear.
B) elderly persons are more likely to eat high-fat diets which make them susceptible to
heart disease.
C) cardiac symptoms, such as confusion, are more difficult to recognize in the elderly.
,D) elderly persons are intolerant of decreased cardiac output which may result in
dizziness and falls. - CORRECT ANSWER D) elderly persons are intolerant of
decreased cardiac output which may result in dizziness and falls.
Cardiac output is decreased with aging (D). Because of loss of contractility and
elasticity, blood flow is decreased and tachycardia is poorly tolerated. Therefore, if an
elderly person experiences dysrhythmia (tachycardia or bradycardia), further
compromising their cardiac output, they are more likely to experience syncope, falls,
transient ischemic attacks, and possibly dementia. Most elderly persons do not eat high-
fat diets (B) and most are not confused (C). Although many elderly persons do live
alone, inability to summon help (A) cannot be assumed.
A 77-year-old female client is admitted to the hospital. She is confused, has no appetite,
is nauseated and vomiting, and is complaining of a headache. Her pulse rate is 43
beats per minute. Which question is a priority for the nurse to ask this client or her
family on admission? "Does the client
A) have her own teeth or dentures?"
B) take aspirin and if so, how much?"
C) take nitroglycerin?"
D) take digitalis?" - CORRECT ANSWER D) take digitalis?"
Elderly persons are particularly susceptible to digitalis intoxication (D) which manifests
itself in such symptoms as anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, and fatigue.
Although it is important to obtain a complete medication history (B and C), the
symptoms described are classic for digitalis toxicity, and assessment of this problem
should be made promptly. (A) is irrelevant.
The nurse is caring for a client with a continuous feeding through a percutaneous
endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube. Which intervention should the nurse include in the
plan of care?
A) Flush the tube with 50 ml of water q 8 hours.
, B) Check for tube placement and residual volume q4 hours.
C) Obtain a daily x- ray to verify tube placement.
D) Position on left side with head of bed elevated 45 degrees. - CORRECT ANSWER
B) Check for tube placement and residual volume q4 hours.
Tube placement and residual volume should be checked before each feeding (B). Tube
placement is checked by aspiration of stomach contents and measurement of pH. It is
important to check for residual volume because gastric emptying is often delayed during
illness. There is an increased risk for aspiration of the feeding with increased residual
volume. (A, C, and D) are not correct procedures to follow.
The nurse is taking a history of a newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetic who is beginning
treatment. Which subjective information is most important for the nurse to note?
A) A history of obesity.
B) An allergy to sulfa drugs.
C) Cessation of smoking three years ago.
D) Numbness in the soles of the feet. - CORRECT ANSWER B) An allergy to sulfa
drugs.
An allergy to sulfa drugs may make the client unable to use some of the most common
antihyperglycemic agents (sulfonylureas). The nurse needs to highlight this allergy for
the healthcare provider. (A) is common and warrants counseling, but does not have the
importance of (B). (C) does increase the risk for vascular disease, but it is not as
important to the treatment regimen as (B). Diabetic neuropathy, as indicated by (D), is
common with diabetics, but when the serum glucose is decreased, new onset
numbness can possibly improve.
Small bowel obstruction is a condition characterized by which finding?
A) Severe fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
B) Metabolic acidosis.
C) Ribbon-like stools.
