DH 311 Exam 1 Questions and Answers
1. What is the infectious agent for infectious mononucleosis oral hairy
leuko- plakia?: EBV (HHV-4)
2. What is OSHA?: Occupational Safety and Health Administration
3. What year was OSHA created?: 1970
4. What does OSHA assure?: Safe and healthful working conditions for
working men and women
5. What is the CDC?: Center for Disease Control
6. What is the CDC's mission?: Keep Americans safe and healthy
where they work, play, and live
7. Which US Dept. is OSHA apart of?: Dept. of Labor
8. Who is the secretary of the Dept. of Labor?: Julie Su
9. What US Dept. is the CDC a part of?: Dept. of Health and Human
Services
10.Who is the secretary of the Dept. of Health and Human Services?:
Xavier Becerra
11.What is meant by standard precautions and basic infection control
con- cepts?: - Est. set of infection control precautions
- Used consistently for ALL clients, regardless of status or health history
- To ensure safe delivery of oral healthcare
- Protects dental personnel and patients
12.What is the criteria for an organism to be "alive"?: - Adapt to
environment
- Cellular makeup (RNA or DNA, not both)
- Metabolic processes- energy
- Movement response to environment
- Growth and development
- Reproduction
13.What is the 1st and last step in chain of disease transmission?:
Infectious agent
14.What is the 2nd step in chain of disease transmission?: Reservoirs
15.What is the 3rd step in chain of disease transmission?: Port of exit
16.What is the 4th step in chain of disease transmission?: Transmission
17.What is the 5th step in chain of disease transmission?: Port of entry
18.What is the 6th step in chain of disease transmission?: Susceptible host
19. What are examples of reservoirs in the chain of disease transmission?: -
people, equipment, instruments, water from tubing
20. What are examples of the port of exit in the chain of disease
transmission?-
: blood, saliva, skin, mucous membranes, droplets
, DH 311 Exam 1 Questions and Answers
21. What are examples of transmission in the chain of disease
transmission?-
: direct and indirect contact, airborne (coughing, sneezing)
, DH 311 Exam 1 Questions and Answers
22. What are examples of port of entry in the chain of disease transmission?
: mucous membrane, GI tract, respiratory tract, broken skin, needle
stick, eyes
23.What are examples of a susceptible host in the chain of disease
transmis- sion?: immunosuppressed, medically compromised, elderly,
non-vaccinated
24.Where are microbes found in the mouth?: Dorsum of tongue, mucous
mem- branes, oral flora, gingival sulcus, periodontal pockets, saliva,
blood
25.What are the 4 infectious agents?: viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa
26.What do dust-borne organisms cause?: Airborne infection
27.What do aerosols cause?: Airborne infection
28.What is an example of a dust borne organism?: Clostridium tetani
29.What is the measurement of aerosols?: <50 µm (usually less than 5
µm)
30.What is the aerosol measurement for Covid-19?: 9.3 µm
31.What is the measurement of spatter?: >50 µm
32.How is HIV (AIDS) transmitted?: blood, infected IV needles, sexual
contact, transplacental and perinatal
33.How long is the incubation period to detectable HIV antibodies?: <1 mo.
34.How long is the incubation period to disease diagnosis for HIV?: <1-8
years or more
35.How long is the communicable period for HIV?: From asymptomatic
through life
36.Is there a vaccine for HIV?: There is a vaccine in progress, pre
and post exposure medications are available
37.What is the infectious agent for HIV?: HIV
38.What is the infectious agent for type B Hepatitis?: HBV
39.What is another name for type B hepatitis?: "Serum" Hepatitis
40.How is type B hepatitis transmitted?: blood, saliva, all body fluids,
sexual contact, perinatal
41.How long is the incubation period for type B hepatitis?: 60-150 days
(90 days average)
42.How long is the communicable period for type B hepatitis?: Carrier
state: indefinite
43.Is there a vaccine for type B hepatitis?: Yes
44.What is the infectious agent for type C hepatitis?: HCV
45.How is type C hepatitis transmitted?: percutaneous exposure to
blood and blood products (infected IV needles), perinatal and
1. What is the infectious agent for infectious mononucleosis oral hairy
leuko- plakia?: EBV (HHV-4)
2. What is OSHA?: Occupational Safety and Health Administration
3. What year was OSHA created?: 1970
4. What does OSHA assure?: Safe and healthful working conditions for
working men and women
5. What is the CDC?: Center for Disease Control
6. What is the CDC's mission?: Keep Americans safe and healthy
where they work, play, and live
7. Which US Dept. is OSHA apart of?: Dept. of Labor
8. Who is the secretary of the Dept. of Labor?: Julie Su
9. What US Dept. is the CDC a part of?: Dept. of Health and Human
Services
10.Who is the secretary of the Dept. of Health and Human Services?:
Xavier Becerra
11.What is meant by standard precautions and basic infection control
con- cepts?: - Est. set of infection control precautions
- Used consistently for ALL clients, regardless of status or health history
- To ensure safe delivery of oral healthcare
- Protects dental personnel and patients
12.What is the criteria for an organism to be "alive"?: - Adapt to
environment
- Cellular makeup (RNA or DNA, not both)
- Metabolic processes- energy
- Movement response to environment
- Growth and development
- Reproduction
13.What is the 1st and last step in chain of disease transmission?:
Infectious agent
14.What is the 2nd step in chain of disease transmission?: Reservoirs
15.What is the 3rd step in chain of disease transmission?: Port of exit
16.What is the 4th step in chain of disease transmission?: Transmission
17.What is the 5th step in chain of disease transmission?: Port of entry
18.What is the 6th step in chain of disease transmission?: Susceptible host
19. What are examples of reservoirs in the chain of disease transmission?: -
people, equipment, instruments, water from tubing
20. What are examples of the port of exit in the chain of disease
transmission?-
: blood, saliva, skin, mucous membranes, droplets
, DH 311 Exam 1 Questions and Answers
21. What are examples of transmission in the chain of disease
transmission?-
: direct and indirect contact, airborne (coughing, sneezing)
, DH 311 Exam 1 Questions and Answers
22. What are examples of port of entry in the chain of disease transmission?
: mucous membrane, GI tract, respiratory tract, broken skin, needle
stick, eyes
23.What are examples of a susceptible host in the chain of disease
transmis- sion?: immunosuppressed, medically compromised, elderly,
non-vaccinated
24.Where are microbes found in the mouth?: Dorsum of tongue, mucous
mem- branes, oral flora, gingival sulcus, periodontal pockets, saliva,
blood
25.What are the 4 infectious agents?: viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa
26.What do dust-borne organisms cause?: Airborne infection
27.What do aerosols cause?: Airborne infection
28.What is an example of a dust borne organism?: Clostridium tetani
29.What is the measurement of aerosols?: <50 µm (usually less than 5
µm)
30.What is the aerosol measurement for Covid-19?: 9.3 µm
31.What is the measurement of spatter?: >50 µm
32.How is HIV (AIDS) transmitted?: blood, infected IV needles, sexual
contact, transplacental and perinatal
33.How long is the incubation period to detectable HIV antibodies?: <1 mo.
34.How long is the incubation period to disease diagnosis for HIV?: <1-8
years or more
35.How long is the communicable period for HIV?: From asymptomatic
through life
36.Is there a vaccine for HIV?: There is a vaccine in progress, pre
and post exposure medications are available
37.What is the infectious agent for HIV?: HIV
38.What is the infectious agent for type B Hepatitis?: HBV
39.What is another name for type B hepatitis?: "Serum" Hepatitis
40.How is type B hepatitis transmitted?: blood, saliva, all body fluids,
sexual contact, perinatal
41.How long is the incubation period for type B hepatitis?: 60-150 days
(90 days average)
42.How long is the communicable period for type B hepatitis?: Carrier
state: indefinite
43.Is there a vaccine for type B hepatitis?: Yes
44.What is the infectious agent for type C hepatitis?: HCV
45.How is type C hepatitis transmitted?: percutaneous exposure to
blood and blood products (infected IV needles), perinatal and
