NBCE BOARDS PART 1 - SPINAL ANATOMY/STUDY
GUIDE /LATEST VERSION
1. Embryological Germinal layers: Endoderm
Mesoderm
Ectoderm
2. Endoderm derivataives: Organs - gut, respiratory
tract "Tubular strx"
3. Mesoderm subgroups: Paraxial
Intermediate
Head
Lateral
Plate
4.Paraxial - Somatic derivatives: Musculoskeletal - mm, ligaments, tendons
5.Paraxial - Splanchnic derivatives: Smooth muscle of organs
6. Intermediate mesoderm derivatives: Urogenital
system Kidneys
7. Head Mesoderm Derivatives: Skull
muscles Dentin of teeth
8. Lateral plate mesoderm derivatives: Adrenal cortex
CT
Cardiovascular
system Lymphatic
system
9. Ectoderm subgroups: Surface
ectoderm Neuroectoderm (neural
tube & neural crest)
10. Surface ectoderm derivatives:
Epidermis Anterior pituitary
,Lens of
eye Skin
Enamel
Hair
Nails
11. Neuroectoderm Neural Tube derivatives: Posterior
pituitary Retina
CNS
Oligodendrocytes
12. Neuroectoderm Neural Crest derivatives: CNS: brain & spinal cord
Outside of CNS: Sympathetic chain ganglion, DNRG, ANS, PNS,
Schwann cells, Parafollicular cells of thyroid, Adrenal medulla
13. Embryological development order beginning at notochord: Notochord
>> Neural plate >> Neural groove >> Neural tube >> Neural Crest
cells
14. The notochord persists as
the , which consists of
collagen.: Nucleus pulposus
Type 2
15. pairs of mesodermal somites from the_________mesoderm.:
31
Paraxial
16.Sclerotome: Membranous vertebral column
17.Myotome: Muscle
18.Somatic myotome: Skeletal mm
19.splanchnic myotome: Smooth "visceral" mm
20.epimere myotome: Dorsal, posterior muscle, extensors
21.Hypomere myotome: Ventral, anterior muscle, flexors
22.Intramembranous (intramedullary) ossification occurs when
tissue is turned into bone, this occurs in the &
all flat bones of the .: Mesenchymal tissue
,Clavi
cle
Skull
23.................................................... Enddochondral ossification is
preformed in .........................................and is respon- sible for
ossification in.........................................Cartilage
All other bones
24.The stomodeum is the precursor of the.............Mouth
25.The foregut consists of...: Back of the throat to 1st 1/3 duodenum
26.The midgut consists of...: Last 2/3 of duodenum & 1st 2/3 of transverse
colon
27.The hindgut consists of...: Last 1/3 of transverse colon to the anus
28.Gubernaculum of males becomes and of females becomes
, & .: Scrotal ligament (gubernacular
testis) Suspensory ligament of ovary
Ovarian ligament
Round ligament of ovary
29.Prosencephalon (AKA ) Secondary vesicles include &
.:
Forebrain
Telencephalon
Diencephalon
30. Telencephalon derivatives include ...: Cortices, Basal Ganglia,
Cingulate gyrus
CN 1
Lateral ventricles
31. Diencephalon derivatives include...: Thalamus (hypo-, epi-,
sub-) CN 2
3rd ventricle
, 32. Mesencephalon (midbrain) derivatives include...:
Midbrain CN 3, 4
Aqueduct of Sylvius
33.Rhombencephalon (AKA ) secondary vesicles include
& .: hindbrain
Metencephalon
Myelencephalon
34. Metencephalon derivatives include...: Pons &
Cerebellum CN 5-8
4th ventricle
35. Myelencephalon derivatives include...: Medulla
oblongata CN 9-12
4th ventricle fold = Obex
36. Spina Bifida Occulta: Lamina failed to
fuse Tuft of hair growth over site =
"Fawn's beard" Can prevent with B9
(folate)
37.Meningocele: Meninges protrude out
38. Myelocele: Spinal cord protrudes out because meninges not
developed prop- erly
39.Meningomyelocele: Spinal cord & meninges protrude out (spina bifida)
40. Arnold Chiari Syndrome Type 1: Cerebellar peduncles come below
foramen magnum
41. Arnold Chiari Syndrome type 2: Type 1 + Meningiomyelocele
(usually @ lumbar spine)
42.Cleft Palate: Failure of maxillary & palatine bone to fuse
43. 1st Branchial Arch = & CN
.: Mandibular 5
44. 1st Branchial Arch (CN, Bones & Cartilage, Muscles, Misc.): CN 5
Mandible, malleus, incus
Mastication, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini, anterior belly of
digastric "From Jaw to stapes" & general sensation to ant 2/3 of
tongue
GUIDE /LATEST VERSION
1. Embryological Germinal layers: Endoderm
Mesoderm
Ectoderm
2. Endoderm derivataives: Organs - gut, respiratory
tract "Tubular strx"
3. Mesoderm subgroups: Paraxial
Intermediate
Head
Lateral
Plate
4.Paraxial - Somatic derivatives: Musculoskeletal - mm, ligaments, tendons
5.Paraxial - Splanchnic derivatives: Smooth muscle of organs
6. Intermediate mesoderm derivatives: Urogenital
system Kidneys
7. Head Mesoderm Derivatives: Skull
muscles Dentin of teeth
8. Lateral plate mesoderm derivatives: Adrenal cortex
CT
Cardiovascular
system Lymphatic
system
9. Ectoderm subgroups: Surface
ectoderm Neuroectoderm (neural
tube & neural crest)
10. Surface ectoderm derivatives:
Epidermis Anterior pituitary
,Lens of
eye Skin
Enamel
Hair
Nails
11. Neuroectoderm Neural Tube derivatives: Posterior
pituitary Retina
CNS
Oligodendrocytes
12. Neuroectoderm Neural Crest derivatives: CNS: brain & spinal cord
Outside of CNS: Sympathetic chain ganglion, DNRG, ANS, PNS,
Schwann cells, Parafollicular cells of thyroid, Adrenal medulla
13. Embryological development order beginning at notochord: Notochord
>> Neural plate >> Neural groove >> Neural tube >> Neural Crest
cells
14. The notochord persists as
the , which consists of
collagen.: Nucleus pulposus
Type 2
15. pairs of mesodermal somites from the_________mesoderm.:
31
Paraxial
16.Sclerotome: Membranous vertebral column
17.Myotome: Muscle
18.Somatic myotome: Skeletal mm
19.splanchnic myotome: Smooth "visceral" mm
20.epimere myotome: Dorsal, posterior muscle, extensors
21.Hypomere myotome: Ventral, anterior muscle, flexors
22.Intramembranous (intramedullary) ossification occurs when
tissue is turned into bone, this occurs in the &
all flat bones of the .: Mesenchymal tissue
,Clavi
cle
Skull
23.................................................... Enddochondral ossification is
preformed in .........................................and is respon- sible for
ossification in.........................................Cartilage
All other bones
24.The stomodeum is the precursor of the.............Mouth
25.The foregut consists of...: Back of the throat to 1st 1/3 duodenum
26.The midgut consists of...: Last 2/3 of duodenum & 1st 2/3 of transverse
colon
27.The hindgut consists of...: Last 1/3 of transverse colon to the anus
28.Gubernaculum of males becomes and of females becomes
, & .: Scrotal ligament (gubernacular
testis) Suspensory ligament of ovary
Ovarian ligament
Round ligament of ovary
29.Prosencephalon (AKA ) Secondary vesicles include &
.:
Forebrain
Telencephalon
Diencephalon
30. Telencephalon derivatives include ...: Cortices, Basal Ganglia,
Cingulate gyrus
CN 1
Lateral ventricles
31. Diencephalon derivatives include...: Thalamus (hypo-, epi-,
sub-) CN 2
3rd ventricle
, 32. Mesencephalon (midbrain) derivatives include...:
Midbrain CN 3, 4
Aqueduct of Sylvius
33.Rhombencephalon (AKA ) secondary vesicles include
& .: hindbrain
Metencephalon
Myelencephalon
34. Metencephalon derivatives include...: Pons &
Cerebellum CN 5-8
4th ventricle
35. Myelencephalon derivatives include...: Medulla
oblongata CN 9-12
4th ventricle fold = Obex
36. Spina Bifida Occulta: Lamina failed to
fuse Tuft of hair growth over site =
"Fawn's beard" Can prevent with B9
(folate)
37.Meningocele: Meninges protrude out
38. Myelocele: Spinal cord protrudes out because meninges not
developed prop- erly
39.Meningomyelocele: Spinal cord & meninges protrude out (spina bifida)
40. Arnold Chiari Syndrome Type 1: Cerebellar peduncles come below
foramen magnum
41. Arnold Chiari Syndrome type 2: Type 1 + Meningiomyelocele
(usually @ lumbar spine)
42.Cleft Palate: Failure of maxillary & palatine bone to fuse
43. 1st Branchial Arch = & CN
.: Mandibular 5
44. 1st Branchial Arch (CN, Bones & Cartilage, Muscles, Misc.): CN 5
Mandible, malleus, incus
Mastication, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini, anterior belly of
digastric "From Jaw to stapes" & general sensation to ant 2/3 of
tongue
