2024/2025 BIOS 255
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
What is homeostasis? - CORRECT ANSWERS- maintenance of a stable
internal environment with the contribution of all organ systems
Three ear bones - CORRECT ANSWERS- malleus, incus, stapes
Cochlea - CORRECT ANSWERS- contains sound receptors, round, coiled
shape
What are the components of a homeostatic mechanism? - CORRECT
ANSWERS- -Stimulus
-Receptors
-Control center
-Effector
-Response
What is a negative feedback mechanism? - CORRECT ANSWERS- Body
REVERSES, or goes against, an original stimulus to return to homeostasis
Example: Blood glucose regulation after eating.
What is a positive feedback mechanism? - CORRECT ANSWERS- Amplifies
the change from the normal level. (Agrees with the change)
,Example: Childbirth, blood clotting
What feedback mechanism is most common? - CORRECT ANSWERS-
negative
anterior pituitary gland - CORRECT ANSWERS- the anterior part of the
pituitary gland; an endocrine gland whose secretions are controlled by the
hypothalamic hormones
anterior pituitary hormones - CORRECT ANSWERS- GH, TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH,
PRL, MSH
Oxytocin - CORRECT ANSWERS- A hormone released by the posterior
pituitary that stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and milk
ejection during breastfeeding.
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - CORRECT ANSWERS- Hormone produced by
the neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamus that stimulates water
reabsorption from kidney tubule cells into the blood and vasoconstriction of
arterioles.
Adrenal glands - CORRECT ANSWERS- a pair of endocrine glands that sit just
above the kidneys and secrete hormones
Adrenal cortex - CORRECT ANSWERS- outer section of each adrenal gland;
secretes cortisol, aldosterone, and sex hormones
, Adrenal medulla - CORRECT ANSWERS- secretes epinephrine and
norepinephrine
Inferior - CORRECT ANSWERS- Below; at a lower level
Superior - CORRECT ANSWERS- Above; higher level
Lateral - CORRECT ANSWERS- Side; Away from the midline of the body
Proximal - CORRECT ANSWERS- Closer to the point of attachment
Distal - CORRECT ANSWERS- Father away from the point of attachment
Medial - CORRECT ANSWERS- Toward the midline of the body
Sagittal - CORRECT ANSWERS- divides body into left and right
Transverse - CORRECT ANSWERS- Divides body into upper and lower parts
Anterior - CORRECT ANSWERS- toward the front of the body
Posterior - CORRECT ANSWERS- toward the back of the body
Frontal plane - CORRECT ANSWERS- Divides the body into anterior (front)
and posterior (back) portions.
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
What is homeostasis? - CORRECT ANSWERS- maintenance of a stable
internal environment with the contribution of all organ systems
Three ear bones - CORRECT ANSWERS- malleus, incus, stapes
Cochlea - CORRECT ANSWERS- contains sound receptors, round, coiled
shape
What are the components of a homeostatic mechanism? - CORRECT
ANSWERS- -Stimulus
-Receptors
-Control center
-Effector
-Response
What is a negative feedback mechanism? - CORRECT ANSWERS- Body
REVERSES, or goes against, an original stimulus to return to homeostasis
Example: Blood glucose regulation after eating.
What is a positive feedback mechanism? - CORRECT ANSWERS- Amplifies
the change from the normal level. (Agrees with the change)
,Example: Childbirth, blood clotting
What feedback mechanism is most common? - CORRECT ANSWERS-
negative
anterior pituitary gland - CORRECT ANSWERS- the anterior part of the
pituitary gland; an endocrine gland whose secretions are controlled by the
hypothalamic hormones
anterior pituitary hormones - CORRECT ANSWERS- GH, TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH,
PRL, MSH
Oxytocin - CORRECT ANSWERS- A hormone released by the posterior
pituitary that stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and milk
ejection during breastfeeding.
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - CORRECT ANSWERS- Hormone produced by
the neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamus that stimulates water
reabsorption from kidney tubule cells into the blood and vasoconstriction of
arterioles.
Adrenal glands - CORRECT ANSWERS- a pair of endocrine glands that sit just
above the kidneys and secrete hormones
Adrenal cortex - CORRECT ANSWERS- outer section of each adrenal gland;
secretes cortisol, aldosterone, and sex hormones
, Adrenal medulla - CORRECT ANSWERS- secretes epinephrine and
norepinephrine
Inferior - CORRECT ANSWERS- Below; at a lower level
Superior - CORRECT ANSWERS- Above; higher level
Lateral - CORRECT ANSWERS- Side; Away from the midline of the body
Proximal - CORRECT ANSWERS- Closer to the point of attachment
Distal - CORRECT ANSWERS- Father away from the point of attachment
Medial - CORRECT ANSWERS- Toward the midline of the body
Sagittal - CORRECT ANSWERS- divides body into left and right
Transverse - CORRECT ANSWERS- Divides body into upper and lower parts
Anterior - CORRECT ANSWERS- toward the front of the body
Posterior - CORRECT ANSWERS- toward the back of the body
Frontal plane - CORRECT ANSWERS- Divides the body into anterior (front)
and posterior (back) portions.
