NM703 MODULE 3 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED GRADED A++
Asthma
Chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways resulting in episodic reversible narrowing
and inflammation of the airways.
Primary Event in Asthma
Airway inflammation (cellular infiltration, edema, nerve irritation, vasodilation) leading to
constriction of airway smooth muscles and increase in mucous.
Secondary Event in Asthma
Hyperresponsiveness and airflow obstruction.
Risk factors for Asthma
Genetic, environment, exposure to tobacco in utero, obesity, immune system.
Triggers of Asthma
Allergens, cold air, exercise, irritants, stress, virus, smoke, ASA.
Differential Diagnosis for Asthma
URI (e.g., croup, vocal cord dysfunction), LRI (e.g., PNA, COPD, cardiac conditions),
GERD.
Subjective Symptoms of Asthma
Big 4: (1) wheezing (on expiration), (2) cough, (3) dyspnea, (4) sputum.
Objective Assessment for Asthma
1. Differentials and diagnosis, 2. Assessing the severity of asthma, 3. Identifying
adverse effects of medications, 4. Identifying accompanying medical problems.
, Asthma Symptoms
A - anxiety, S - sweaty, T - tachycardia (>120), H - hard to breathe (breathless), M -
more breaths (tachypnea - RR>20), A - audible wheezing (on expiration).
Respiratory Failure Indicators
Agitation, confusion, somnolence, cyanosis.
Tachycardia + Tachypnea
Indicates bronchospasm, requiring emergency response.
Diagnostic Hallmark of Asthma
Reversal of obstruction after administration of a bronchodilator.
Spirometry
Measures airflow during inspiration and expiration.
FEV1
Amount of air an individual can forcibly exhale in 1 second.
FVC
Total amount of air exhaled during forced breath.
FEV1/FVC Ratio
A measure used in the assessment of lung function.
Management of Asthma
Based on symptoms and severity, must be reassessed frequently for adequate control.
Asthma Action Plan
A must for teaching patients about managing their condition.
Complications of Asthma
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED GRADED A++
Asthma
Chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways resulting in episodic reversible narrowing
and inflammation of the airways.
Primary Event in Asthma
Airway inflammation (cellular infiltration, edema, nerve irritation, vasodilation) leading to
constriction of airway smooth muscles and increase in mucous.
Secondary Event in Asthma
Hyperresponsiveness and airflow obstruction.
Risk factors for Asthma
Genetic, environment, exposure to tobacco in utero, obesity, immune system.
Triggers of Asthma
Allergens, cold air, exercise, irritants, stress, virus, smoke, ASA.
Differential Diagnosis for Asthma
URI (e.g., croup, vocal cord dysfunction), LRI (e.g., PNA, COPD, cardiac conditions),
GERD.
Subjective Symptoms of Asthma
Big 4: (1) wheezing (on expiration), (2) cough, (3) dyspnea, (4) sputum.
Objective Assessment for Asthma
1. Differentials and diagnosis, 2. Assessing the severity of asthma, 3. Identifying
adverse effects of medications, 4. Identifying accompanying medical problems.
, Asthma Symptoms
A - anxiety, S - sweaty, T - tachycardia (>120), H - hard to breathe (breathless), M -
more breaths (tachypnea - RR>20), A - audible wheezing (on expiration).
Respiratory Failure Indicators
Agitation, confusion, somnolence, cyanosis.
Tachycardia + Tachypnea
Indicates bronchospasm, requiring emergency response.
Diagnostic Hallmark of Asthma
Reversal of obstruction after administration of a bronchodilator.
Spirometry
Measures airflow during inspiration and expiration.
FEV1
Amount of air an individual can forcibly exhale in 1 second.
FVC
Total amount of air exhaled during forced breath.
FEV1/FVC Ratio
A measure used in the assessment of lung function.
Management of Asthma
Based on symptoms and severity, must be reassessed frequently for adequate control.
Asthma Action Plan
A must for teaching patients about managing their condition.
Complications of Asthma
