Biology Placement Test Exam Questions and Answers.
What defines living organisms separate from non-living things? - Correct Answer Living
things are made up of basic units called cells, are based on a universal genetic code,
obtain and use materials and energy, grow and develop, reproduce, respond to their
environment, maintain a stable internal environment, and change over time
Discuss the scientific method and its use in acquiring knowledge. - Correct Answer
Involves observing and asking questions, making inferences and forming hypotheses,
conducting controlled experiments, collecting and analyzing data, and drawing
conclusions
What are atoms? - Correct Answer The basic units of matter
What are atoms made of? - Correct Answer Made of protons, neutrons, and electrons
How do we define and recognize one type of atom from another? - Correct Answer By
looking at the number of protons in the nucleus
How are atoms held together into molecules? - Correct Answer They attach to other
atoms to make a covalent bond. If there are 4 attached atoms, it is a double bond. If there
are 6 attached atoms, it is a triple bond
Discuss the structure and function of the major types of large molecules found in living
organisms. - Correct Answer Van der Waals forces are a slight attraction that develops
between oppositely charged regions of nearby molecules. They aren't as strong as ionic
and covalent bonds, but they hold molecules together, especially the large ones
What are special properties of water? - Correct Answer Water is a polar molecule and it is
able to form multiple hydrogen bonds
How do the properties of water benefit living organisms? - Correct Answer Water is the
best solvent on Earth. It is able to dissolve both ionic compounds and other polar
molecules
What are the two different types of cells found in living organisms? - Correct Answer
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
, How are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells different? - Correct Answer Prokaryotic cells
don't have a nucleus and eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, where they separate the
genetic information from the rest of the cell
Organelles - Correct Answer Many of the structures in cells; called "little organs"
Cytoplasm - Correct Answer The portion of the cell outside the nucleus
Vacuoles - Correct Answer Store materials like water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
Lysosomes - Correct Answer Break down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins into small
molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell. They are also involved in breaking
down organelles that have outlived their usefulness
Cytoskeleton - Correct Answer Helps the cell maintain its shape and is also involved in
movement
Microfilaments - Correct Answer Threadlike structures made up of a protein called actin
Microtubles - Correct Answer A hollow structure made up of proteins known as tubulins
Centrioles - Correct Answer Located near the nucleus and help organize cell division. Not
found in plant cells
Ribosomes - Correct Answer Small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the
cytoplasm in all cells
Endoplasmic Reticulum - Correct Answer Where lipid components of the cell membrane
are assembled, along with proteins and other material that are exported from the cell
Golgi Apparatus - Correct Answer Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other
material from the endoplasmic reticulum for storage in the cell or release outside the cell
Cholorplasts - Correct Answer Capture the energy from sunlight and convert it into food
that contains chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis
What defines living organisms separate from non-living things? - Correct Answer Living
things are made up of basic units called cells, are based on a universal genetic code,
obtain and use materials and energy, grow and develop, reproduce, respond to their
environment, maintain a stable internal environment, and change over time
Discuss the scientific method and its use in acquiring knowledge. - Correct Answer
Involves observing and asking questions, making inferences and forming hypotheses,
conducting controlled experiments, collecting and analyzing data, and drawing
conclusions
What are atoms? - Correct Answer The basic units of matter
What are atoms made of? - Correct Answer Made of protons, neutrons, and electrons
How do we define and recognize one type of atom from another? - Correct Answer By
looking at the number of protons in the nucleus
How are atoms held together into molecules? - Correct Answer They attach to other
atoms to make a covalent bond. If there are 4 attached atoms, it is a double bond. If there
are 6 attached atoms, it is a triple bond
Discuss the structure and function of the major types of large molecules found in living
organisms. - Correct Answer Van der Waals forces are a slight attraction that develops
between oppositely charged regions of nearby molecules. They aren't as strong as ionic
and covalent bonds, but they hold molecules together, especially the large ones
What are special properties of water? - Correct Answer Water is a polar molecule and it is
able to form multiple hydrogen bonds
How do the properties of water benefit living organisms? - Correct Answer Water is the
best solvent on Earth. It is able to dissolve both ionic compounds and other polar
molecules
What are the two different types of cells found in living organisms? - Correct Answer
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
, How are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells different? - Correct Answer Prokaryotic cells
don't have a nucleus and eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, where they separate the
genetic information from the rest of the cell
Organelles - Correct Answer Many of the structures in cells; called "little organs"
Cytoplasm - Correct Answer The portion of the cell outside the nucleus
Vacuoles - Correct Answer Store materials like water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
Lysosomes - Correct Answer Break down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins into small
molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell. They are also involved in breaking
down organelles that have outlived their usefulness
Cytoskeleton - Correct Answer Helps the cell maintain its shape and is also involved in
movement
Microfilaments - Correct Answer Threadlike structures made up of a protein called actin
Microtubles - Correct Answer A hollow structure made up of proteins known as tubulins
Centrioles - Correct Answer Located near the nucleus and help organize cell division. Not
found in plant cells
Ribosomes - Correct Answer Small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the
cytoplasm in all cells
Endoplasmic Reticulum - Correct Answer Where lipid components of the cell membrane
are assembled, along with proteins and other material that are exported from the cell
Golgi Apparatus - Correct Answer Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other
material from the endoplasmic reticulum for storage in the cell or release outside the cell
Cholorplasts - Correct Answer Capture the energy from sunlight and convert it into food
that contains chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis
