Advanced Biochem Exam III: Amino Acid
Metabolism Questions and Answers
100% Solved
synthesizes argininosuccinate using ATP and aspartate -
✔✔Argininosuccinate synthetase
transfers a carbamoyl group to ornithine to form citruline - ✔✔Ornithine
transcarbamoylase
Argininosuccinate lyase - ✔✔non-hydrolytic cleavage of argininoosuccinate
Arginase - ✔✔(hydrolase of arginine) - urea and ornathine
ALT/ALAT - ✔✔alanine aminotransferase
pyruvate <--ALAT--> alanine
AST/ASAT - ✔✔aspartate aminotransferase
oxaloacetate <--ASAT--> aspartate
Ribose 5-phosphate (PPP) is the source of what AA? - ✔✔histidine
1
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,(tbh, might not even need to know)
3-PG (glycolysis) is the source of what AAs? - ✔✔CGS
serine, and then
glycine and cysteine
(pretty similar structures)
pyruvate (glycolysis) is the source of what AAs? - ✔✔the branched AAs
(just carbon chains as sidechains): alanine, valine, leucine, and isoleucine
PEP (glycolysis) is the source of what AAs? - ✔✔aromatic AAs: tryptophan,
phenylalanine, tyrosine
All AAs are made from intermediates in glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, or
the pentose phosphate pathway. What is(are) the source(s) of:
-histidine
-serine, glycine, and cysteine
-branched AAs (just carbon chains as sidechains): alanine, valine, leucine,
and isoleucine
-aromatic AAs: tryptophan, phenylalanine, tyrosine
-glutamate, glutamine, proline, arginine
-aspartate, asparagine, methionine, threonine, lysine - ✔✔- Ribose 5-
phosphate (PPP)
2
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
, - 3-PG (glycolysis) --> serine --> glycine & cysteine
- pyruvate (glycolysis)
- Erythrose 4-phosphate / E4P (PPP) and PEP (glycolysis)
- α-ketoglutarate (CAC) --> glutamate --> everything else'
- oxaloacetate (CAC) --> aspartate --> everything else
α-ketoglutarate (CAC) is the source of what AAs? - ✔✔Nitrogen stuff
glutamate, glutamine, proline, arginine
oxaloacetate (CAC) is the source of what AAs? - ✔✔aspartate, asparagine,
methionine, threonine, lysine
10 essential AAs - ✔✔MNEM: tht litl mvp (that little mvp)
-Aromatics:
phe, trp, tyr (conditionally essential -- only if phenylalanine available)
(can't build benzenes from scratch)
-oxaloacetate derivatives
lysine, methionine, threonine
-branched:
val, leu, ile
3
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Metabolism Questions and Answers
100% Solved
synthesizes argininosuccinate using ATP and aspartate -
✔✔Argininosuccinate synthetase
transfers a carbamoyl group to ornithine to form citruline - ✔✔Ornithine
transcarbamoylase
Argininosuccinate lyase - ✔✔non-hydrolytic cleavage of argininoosuccinate
Arginase - ✔✔(hydrolase of arginine) - urea and ornathine
ALT/ALAT - ✔✔alanine aminotransferase
pyruvate <--ALAT--> alanine
AST/ASAT - ✔✔aspartate aminotransferase
oxaloacetate <--ASAT--> aspartate
Ribose 5-phosphate (PPP) is the source of what AA? - ✔✔histidine
1
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,(tbh, might not even need to know)
3-PG (glycolysis) is the source of what AAs? - ✔✔CGS
serine, and then
glycine and cysteine
(pretty similar structures)
pyruvate (glycolysis) is the source of what AAs? - ✔✔the branched AAs
(just carbon chains as sidechains): alanine, valine, leucine, and isoleucine
PEP (glycolysis) is the source of what AAs? - ✔✔aromatic AAs: tryptophan,
phenylalanine, tyrosine
All AAs are made from intermediates in glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, or
the pentose phosphate pathway. What is(are) the source(s) of:
-histidine
-serine, glycine, and cysteine
-branched AAs (just carbon chains as sidechains): alanine, valine, leucine,
and isoleucine
-aromatic AAs: tryptophan, phenylalanine, tyrosine
-glutamate, glutamine, proline, arginine
-aspartate, asparagine, methionine, threonine, lysine - ✔✔- Ribose 5-
phosphate (PPP)
2
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
, - 3-PG (glycolysis) --> serine --> glycine & cysteine
- pyruvate (glycolysis)
- Erythrose 4-phosphate / E4P (PPP) and PEP (glycolysis)
- α-ketoglutarate (CAC) --> glutamate --> everything else'
- oxaloacetate (CAC) --> aspartate --> everything else
α-ketoglutarate (CAC) is the source of what AAs? - ✔✔Nitrogen stuff
glutamate, glutamine, proline, arginine
oxaloacetate (CAC) is the source of what AAs? - ✔✔aspartate, asparagine,
methionine, threonine, lysine
10 essential AAs - ✔✔MNEM: tht litl mvp (that little mvp)
-Aromatics:
phe, trp, tyr (conditionally essential -- only if phenylalanine available)
(can't build benzenes from scratch)
-oxaloacetate derivatives
lysine, methionine, threonine
-branched:
val, leu, ile
3
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
