BIO 152 EXAM 1 Questions & Answers
1. How does being indeterminate support plants that are large or very old?: - Plants cannot move
like humans do so they have do endure their surroundings and adapt. Indeterminate growth
allows older trees to continue growing despite their age
Escape chainsaw syndrome/lawn mower man
2. How does the ancestry of plants in water impact plants today?: Photo- synthetic activity from
algae changed the planet's atmosphere to an oxygen rich environment 2.7 billion years ago.
3. How did the move to land provide new opportunities and also challenges to plants?:
Opportunities:
Higher levels of sunlight
More concentrated minerals in soil
More gases in atmosphere (CO2 and O2)
Challenges:
Harsher environment
Lack of water/Prone to drought Lack of
structural support Inaccessible nutrients
in the soil Unfiltered UV from sun
4. Why are charophyte algae thought to be closely related to plants but are not ancestor of modern
plants?: Charophytes are the closest revolutionary relatives of plants from genetic sequencing
and comparison that shows their genetic makeup is very similar.
Shared Characteristics
1. Sporopollenin- tough, protective polymer used to protect reproductive structures
2. Hydrostatic Skeletonj
5. How did the move from having free swimming sperm and a dominant gametophyte life cycle stage
to pollen, seeds, and the dominant sporophyte life cycle stage in angiosperms/gymnosperms allow
the them to spread more widely?: As they shifted from swimming sperm to pollen and seeds, the
need for aquatic reproduction diminished. Because angiosperms and gymnosperms do not
require water to reproduce, they have spread more widely to areas through the wind and via
animal feces.
6. How are pollination and fertilization different?: Pollination- the transfer of pollen to the part
of a seed containing the ovules
- Pollination occurs before fertilization
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3
1. How does being indeterminate support plants that are large or very old?: - Plants cannot move
like humans do so they have do endure their surroundings and adapt. Indeterminate growth
allows older trees to continue growing despite their age
Escape chainsaw syndrome/lawn mower man
2. How does the ancestry of plants in water impact plants today?: Photo- synthetic activity from
algae changed the planet's atmosphere to an oxygen rich environment 2.7 billion years ago.
3. How did the move to land provide new opportunities and also challenges to plants?:
Opportunities:
Higher levels of sunlight
More concentrated minerals in soil
More gases in atmosphere (CO2 and O2)
Challenges:
Harsher environment
Lack of water/Prone to drought Lack of
structural support Inaccessible nutrients
in the soil Unfiltered UV from sun
4. Why are charophyte algae thought to be closely related to plants but are not ancestor of modern
plants?: Charophytes are the closest revolutionary relatives of plants from genetic sequencing
and comparison that shows their genetic makeup is very similar.
Shared Characteristics
1. Sporopollenin- tough, protective polymer used to protect reproductive structures
2. Hydrostatic Skeletonj
5. How did the move from having free swimming sperm and a dominant gametophyte life cycle stage
to pollen, seeds, and the dominant sporophyte life cycle stage in angiosperms/gymnosperms allow
the them to spread more widely?: As they shifted from swimming sperm to pollen and seeds, the
need for aquatic reproduction diminished. Because angiosperms and gymnosperms do not
require water to reproduce, they have spread more widely to areas through the wind and via
animal feces.
6. How are pollination and fertilization different?: Pollination- the transfer of pollen to the part
of a seed containing the ovules
- Pollination occurs before fertilization
1/
3
