NTA Midterm Review UPDATED
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Define Nutrition - CORRECT ANSWER - Nutrition is a science:
Focused on the interaction between living organisms and their food.
Includes the study of biological processes used in consuming food and our body's ability to use
the nutrients contained in that food.
List the 6 Classes of Nutrients - CORRECT ANSWER - Water (macro)
Carbs (macro)
Proteins (macro)
Fats (macro)
Vitamins (micro)
Minerals (micro)
Explain the roles of water in the body - CORRECT ANSWER - Most abundant
macronutrient
Transports nutrients
Improves oxygen delivery to cells
Cushions bones and joints
Lubricates joints
Regulates body temperature
Removes waste
Explain the roles of proteins in the body - CORRECT ANSWER - Building blocks of
many tissues in the body
Enzymes- managers and catalysts for all biochemical processes
Antibodies- proteins that help fight infection
,Hormones- proteins that regulate our metabolism and almost every function in the body
Explain the roles of carbohydrates in the body - CORRECT ANSWER - Provide great
source of fiber
Source of fuel for brain and muscles
Needed for protein and fat metabolism
Help boost immune system
Explain the roles of fats in the body - CORRECT ANSWER - Makes your food taste better
Provides energy
Building blocks for cell membranes and hormones
Required for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins ADEK
Need fats to break down proteins
Explain the roles of vitamins in the body - CORRECT ANSWER - Helpers of metabolism,
activates enzyme
Essential for growth, vitality and health
Helpful for digestion and elimination of waste
Helpful for the immune system and resistance to disease
Explain the roles of minerals in the body - CORRECT ANSWER - Act as co-factors for
enzyme reactions
Maintain pH balance in the body
Help maintain osmotic pressure across the membrane
Help facilitate transport of nutrients across the membrane
Maintain proper nerve function, contract and relax muscles
Describe the five major milestones that led to the "modern" diet. - CORRECT ANSWER -
Agricultural Revolution:
, We went from hunter-gatherers to cultivators. An abundance of food- didn't help people's health
but increased disease.
Introduction of refined sugar:
Went from people primarily consisting of proteins and fats to people consuming sugar and carbs.
Industrial Revolution:
Had the ability to mechanize the food processing industry. Foods no longer were properly
prepared, instead, they were adulterated.
Development of the food giants:
(late 1800s, early 1900s) With urbanization and factories centralizing production, people moved
off farms and into large urban areas. Impetus to figure out ways to preserve foods - such as
processing grains to keep for a long period of time (e.g. milling out nutrients to keep insects from
eating them)
Describe Dr. Price's contributions to nutritional research. - CORRECT ANSWER - -Great
variety of diets are healthy. Certain dietary laws are inflexible and unchangeable.
-We must get our fat soluble factors from animal sources
- Taught us to soak, sprout and ferment seeds, grains and nuts.
- Nobody used refined or denatured foods
- They had 4x as high in calcium, 10x fat soluble vitamins, and far healthier teeth than modern
diet.
- Animal products, including raw animal products, are great.
- Good salt was used, naturally collected
- Equal amounts omega 3 and omega 6
Describe Dr. Pottenger's contributions to nutritional research. - CORRECT ANSWER -•
Not in the first-generation cats, but in the next two generations
• The degeneration of the cats is a mirror image of our current social and health situation
○ Structural deformity
○ Social stress
○ Allergies
○ Reproductive problems
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Define Nutrition - CORRECT ANSWER - Nutrition is a science:
Focused on the interaction between living organisms and their food.
Includes the study of biological processes used in consuming food and our body's ability to use
the nutrients contained in that food.
List the 6 Classes of Nutrients - CORRECT ANSWER - Water (macro)
Carbs (macro)
Proteins (macro)
Fats (macro)
Vitamins (micro)
Minerals (micro)
Explain the roles of water in the body - CORRECT ANSWER - Most abundant
macronutrient
Transports nutrients
Improves oxygen delivery to cells
Cushions bones and joints
Lubricates joints
Regulates body temperature
Removes waste
Explain the roles of proteins in the body - CORRECT ANSWER - Building blocks of
many tissues in the body
Enzymes- managers and catalysts for all biochemical processes
Antibodies- proteins that help fight infection
,Hormones- proteins that regulate our metabolism and almost every function in the body
Explain the roles of carbohydrates in the body - CORRECT ANSWER - Provide great
source of fiber
Source of fuel for brain and muscles
Needed for protein and fat metabolism
Help boost immune system
Explain the roles of fats in the body - CORRECT ANSWER - Makes your food taste better
Provides energy
Building blocks for cell membranes and hormones
Required for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins ADEK
Need fats to break down proteins
Explain the roles of vitamins in the body - CORRECT ANSWER - Helpers of metabolism,
activates enzyme
Essential for growth, vitality and health
Helpful for digestion and elimination of waste
Helpful for the immune system and resistance to disease
Explain the roles of minerals in the body - CORRECT ANSWER - Act as co-factors for
enzyme reactions
Maintain pH balance in the body
Help maintain osmotic pressure across the membrane
Help facilitate transport of nutrients across the membrane
Maintain proper nerve function, contract and relax muscles
Describe the five major milestones that led to the "modern" diet. - CORRECT ANSWER -
Agricultural Revolution:
, We went from hunter-gatherers to cultivators. An abundance of food- didn't help people's health
but increased disease.
Introduction of refined sugar:
Went from people primarily consisting of proteins and fats to people consuming sugar and carbs.
Industrial Revolution:
Had the ability to mechanize the food processing industry. Foods no longer were properly
prepared, instead, they were adulterated.
Development of the food giants:
(late 1800s, early 1900s) With urbanization and factories centralizing production, people moved
off farms and into large urban areas. Impetus to figure out ways to preserve foods - such as
processing grains to keep for a long period of time (e.g. milling out nutrients to keep insects from
eating them)
Describe Dr. Price's contributions to nutritional research. - CORRECT ANSWER - -Great
variety of diets are healthy. Certain dietary laws are inflexible and unchangeable.
-We must get our fat soluble factors from animal sources
- Taught us to soak, sprout and ferment seeds, grains and nuts.
- Nobody used refined or denatured foods
- They had 4x as high in calcium, 10x fat soluble vitamins, and far healthier teeth than modern
diet.
- Animal products, including raw animal products, are great.
- Good salt was used, naturally collected
- Equal amounts omega 3 and omega 6
Describe Dr. Pottenger's contributions to nutritional research. - CORRECT ANSWER -•
Not in the first-generation cats, but in the next two generations
• The degeneration of the cats is a mirror image of our current social and health situation
○ Structural deformity
○ Social stress
○ Allergies
○ Reproductive problems
