BBH 311 Final questions with complete
solutions
Three components of emotion - correct answer ✔✔feelings (subjective experience), physiological
arousal (somatic and autonomic response), actions
Categories of emotions - correct answer ✔✔positive vs. negative, emotional pairs (anger anxiety,
difference is whether or not you feel you have control)
Mood vs. emotion - correct answer ✔✔mood is a chronic state, emotions fleeting
importance of emotions and the brain - correct answer ✔✔for a long time mostly ignored. Emotions
very a lot within oneself but not between individuals- we differ in ourselves more than we differ with
others. Importance of learning in emotions (how we learn about how to feel, through experiences and
mentors-fear)
associative learning - correct answer ✔✔classical conditioning (pavlovian), operant conditioning
(skinner)
classical conditioning - correct answer ✔✔neutral stimulus (bell), unconditioned stimulus (food),
conditioned stimulus(bell=salivation
operant conditioning - correct answer ✔✔operant voluntary (vs. classical-involuntary shock). law of
effect (throndike), responses that are followed by a reward will occur with greater frequency over time.
Responses followed by punishment will occur with lesser frequency over time. Also called skinnerian
conditioning (behavioral analysis, skinner box, positive/negative reinforcers and punishers)
law of effect (thorndike) - correct answer ✔✔responses that are followed by a reward will occur with
greater frequency over time
skinner - correct answer ✔✔behavioral analysis, skinner box, positive/negative reinforcers and punishers
, reinforcement - correct answer ✔✔increase probability of behavior. Positive reinforcement you deliver
something positive (give chocolate after reading), negative reinforcement is when you remove
something to increase probability of behavior (you can go outside and play after you finish homework,
seatbelt buzzer)
punishment - correct answer ✔✔decrease probability of behavior. Positive punishers you add something
negative to decrease probability of behavior (spanking), negative punishers you remove something
negative (time-out)
cahill and mcgaugh (1998) - correct answer ✔✔Dissociation between emotion piece and physical
memory of event- hippocampus, amygdala, frontal cortex. Emotion and arousal inverted U curve. You
have arousal and based on context determines feelings and how you appraise (mindfulness and
resilience come into play). epinephrine experiment- people who got epinephrine and were in room with
stooge pissed off they were pissed off, if happy they were happy, etc.
learned helplessness - correct answer ✔✔depression indicator
fear conditioning - correct answer ✔✔conditioned emotion response in animals
How to make stress your friend - correct answer ✔✔People who experienced a lot of stress but didnt
believe it negatively impacted health were least likely to die. Die from belief that stress is bad for you.
View stress response as body is energized and you are preparing to meet challenge- heart still pumping
fast but vessels dont constrict. Oxytocin is a stress hormone which motivates you to seek social support
and protects cardiovascular system from effects of stress (anti-inflammatory, has receptors on heart that
helps heart cells regenerate and heal)- benefits of oxytocin enhanced by social support= stress response
has built in mechanism for stress resilience
Advantages of interdisciplinary approaches- ex: CVD prevention - correct answer ✔✔Ex: CVD prevention.
Physician approach would be regular checkups and treatment for risk markers, family history.
Developmental psychologist would use childhood programs to reduce stress and sources of anxiety,
coping skills, emotional training. BBH scientist would use a team of integrative scientists- medical pieces,
subjective experience, risk prevention, environmental and biological risk factors across development
(including prenatal environment)
solutions
Three components of emotion - correct answer ✔✔feelings (subjective experience), physiological
arousal (somatic and autonomic response), actions
Categories of emotions - correct answer ✔✔positive vs. negative, emotional pairs (anger anxiety,
difference is whether or not you feel you have control)
Mood vs. emotion - correct answer ✔✔mood is a chronic state, emotions fleeting
importance of emotions and the brain - correct answer ✔✔for a long time mostly ignored. Emotions
very a lot within oneself but not between individuals- we differ in ourselves more than we differ with
others. Importance of learning in emotions (how we learn about how to feel, through experiences and
mentors-fear)
associative learning - correct answer ✔✔classical conditioning (pavlovian), operant conditioning
(skinner)
classical conditioning - correct answer ✔✔neutral stimulus (bell), unconditioned stimulus (food),
conditioned stimulus(bell=salivation
operant conditioning - correct answer ✔✔operant voluntary (vs. classical-involuntary shock). law of
effect (throndike), responses that are followed by a reward will occur with greater frequency over time.
Responses followed by punishment will occur with lesser frequency over time. Also called skinnerian
conditioning (behavioral analysis, skinner box, positive/negative reinforcers and punishers)
law of effect (thorndike) - correct answer ✔✔responses that are followed by a reward will occur with
greater frequency over time
skinner - correct answer ✔✔behavioral analysis, skinner box, positive/negative reinforcers and punishers
, reinforcement - correct answer ✔✔increase probability of behavior. Positive reinforcement you deliver
something positive (give chocolate after reading), negative reinforcement is when you remove
something to increase probability of behavior (you can go outside and play after you finish homework,
seatbelt buzzer)
punishment - correct answer ✔✔decrease probability of behavior. Positive punishers you add something
negative to decrease probability of behavior (spanking), negative punishers you remove something
negative (time-out)
cahill and mcgaugh (1998) - correct answer ✔✔Dissociation between emotion piece and physical
memory of event- hippocampus, amygdala, frontal cortex. Emotion and arousal inverted U curve. You
have arousal and based on context determines feelings and how you appraise (mindfulness and
resilience come into play). epinephrine experiment- people who got epinephrine and were in room with
stooge pissed off they were pissed off, if happy they were happy, etc.
learned helplessness - correct answer ✔✔depression indicator
fear conditioning - correct answer ✔✔conditioned emotion response in animals
How to make stress your friend - correct answer ✔✔People who experienced a lot of stress but didnt
believe it negatively impacted health were least likely to die. Die from belief that stress is bad for you.
View stress response as body is energized and you are preparing to meet challenge- heart still pumping
fast but vessels dont constrict. Oxytocin is a stress hormone which motivates you to seek social support
and protects cardiovascular system from effects of stress (anti-inflammatory, has receptors on heart that
helps heart cells regenerate and heal)- benefits of oxytocin enhanced by social support= stress response
has built in mechanism for stress resilience
Advantages of interdisciplinary approaches- ex: CVD prevention - correct answer ✔✔Ex: CVD prevention.
Physician approach would be regular checkups and treatment for risk markers, family history.
Developmental psychologist would use childhood programs to reduce stress and sources of anxiety,
coping skills, emotional training. BBH scientist would use a team of integrative scientists- medical pieces,
subjective experience, risk prevention, environmental and biological risk factors across development
(including prenatal environment)
