ENR 5400 midterm questions with
complete solutions
What do environmental problems stem from and maintained by - correct answer ✔✔Behavioral
problems
How many U.S. residents have indicated that the U.S. should act to reduce global warming - correct
answer ✔✔More than 90%
T or F awareness alone isn't enough to motivate change - correct answer ✔✔True
What is environmental psychology - correct answer ✔✔The study of the relationships between human
behavior and the built and natural environments
What is conservation psychology - correct answer ✔✔Study of reciprocal relationships between humans
and the rest of nature, with a particular focus on encouraging conservation of natural resources
What is Lewin's equation - correct answer ✔✔Behavior = f(Person (individual), Environment (what's
around you)
What is context - correct answer ✔✔The conditions under which behavior occurs (behavioral settings,
social settings, cultural, natural environment, and built environment)
How is our behavior influenced - correct answer ✔✔Aspects of our environment (people, nature,
buildings, sound)
What are two key challenges to sustainability - correct answer ✔✔Exponential growth, resource
depletion
,What is carrying capacity - correct answer ✔✔The maximum number of any species a habitat can
support. If territory is isolated and population cannot migrate, inhabitants must find a balance with
resource base otherwise if populations grows too quickly, resources are depleted and population will
crash
Example of human carrying capacity reached - correct answer ✔✔Easter Island
What is overconsumption - correct answer ✔✔What society is doing to deplete the capacity of the
planet to sustain life. The overuse of the world's natural resources, especially energy and land
What is affluenza - correct answer ✔✔An unsustainable addiction to consumption, materialism, and
economic growth, "contagious", "socially transmitted"
What are ecological footprints - correct answer ✔✔A measure of the impact humans have on the
environment. Sum of cropland, grazing land, forest and fishing grounds required to produce their food,
fiber and timber it consumes, to absorb the wastes emitted when it uses energy and to provide space for
infrastructure
What is correlation relationship - correct answer ✔✔A significant association (positive/ negative)
between A & B
What is a differential relationship - correct answer ✔✔There is a significant difference between A & B
What is an experimental relationship - correct answer ✔✔Variable A causes Variable B, uses random
assignment
What is a correlational research design - correct answer ✔✔A and B are related, measurement taken at a
single slice in time ex: focus groups, survey, behavioral observations
What is a quasi-experimental research design - correct answer ✔✔There is a significant difference
between A and B
, What is a pre/post research design - correct answer ✔✔A type of quasi-experimental that measure
variables of interest among your sample before and after some treatment
What is a case/control research design - correct answer ✔✔A type of quasi-experimental that recruit
sample of interest to receive treatment. Separately, find a control group that does not get treated.
Assess the outcome variable among both groups after the treatment group receives treatment
What is an experimental/RCT research design - correct answer ✔✔A type of experimental design where
participants are randomly assigned to a treatment or control conditions and complete outcome
measures after or during treatment period
What is an observational data collection technique - correct answer ✔✔Recording actions directly
relevant to the research question
What is a self-report data collection technique - correct answer ✔✔Participants' responses to questions
What is an implicit data collection technique - correct answer ✔✔Recording actions that imply an
underlying effect
What are the trade-offs for using a lab experiment - correct answer ✔✔There is high control but low
realism and representativeness
What are the trade offs for using a field experiemtn - correct answer ✔✔There is medium control, high
realism, and representativeness varies
What is triangulation - correct answer ✔✔Using different methodologies to see if the same relationship
is obtained. If several imperfect measures provide the same result, then there is confidence that the
relationship really exists and is not an artifact of the measurement process
What is construct validity - correct answer ✔✔Measuring what you say you are measuring. How well the
theoretical concept or construct is represented by data gathered
complete solutions
What do environmental problems stem from and maintained by - correct answer ✔✔Behavioral
problems
How many U.S. residents have indicated that the U.S. should act to reduce global warming - correct
answer ✔✔More than 90%
T or F awareness alone isn't enough to motivate change - correct answer ✔✔True
What is environmental psychology - correct answer ✔✔The study of the relationships between human
behavior and the built and natural environments
What is conservation psychology - correct answer ✔✔Study of reciprocal relationships between humans
and the rest of nature, with a particular focus on encouraging conservation of natural resources
What is Lewin's equation - correct answer ✔✔Behavior = f(Person (individual), Environment (what's
around you)
What is context - correct answer ✔✔The conditions under which behavior occurs (behavioral settings,
social settings, cultural, natural environment, and built environment)
How is our behavior influenced - correct answer ✔✔Aspects of our environment (people, nature,
buildings, sound)
What are two key challenges to sustainability - correct answer ✔✔Exponential growth, resource
depletion
,What is carrying capacity - correct answer ✔✔The maximum number of any species a habitat can
support. If territory is isolated and population cannot migrate, inhabitants must find a balance with
resource base otherwise if populations grows too quickly, resources are depleted and population will
crash
Example of human carrying capacity reached - correct answer ✔✔Easter Island
What is overconsumption - correct answer ✔✔What society is doing to deplete the capacity of the
planet to sustain life. The overuse of the world's natural resources, especially energy and land
What is affluenza - correct answer ✔✔An unsustainable addiction to consumption, materialism, and
economic growth, "contagious", "socially transmitted"
What are ecological footprints - correct answer ✔✔A measure of the impact humans have on the
environment. Sum of cropland, grazing land, forest and fishing grounds required to produce their food,
fiber and timber it consumes, to absorb the wastes emitted when it uses energy and to provide space for
infrastructure
What is correlation relationship - correct answer ✔✔A significant association (positive/ negative)
between A & B
What is a differential relationship - correct answer ✔✔There is a significant difference between A & B
What is an experimental relationship - correct answer ✔✔Variable A causes Variable B, uses random
assignment
What is a correlational research design - correct answer ✔✔A and B are related, measurement taken at a
single slice in time ex: focus groups, survey, behavioral observations
What is a quasi-experimental research design - correct answer ✔✔There is a significant difference
between A and B
, What is a pre/post research design - correct answer ✔✔A type of quasi-experimental that measure
variables of interest among your sample before and after some treatment
What is a case/control research design - correct answer ✔✔A type of quasi-experimental that recruit
sample of interest to receive treatment. Separately, find a control group that does not get treated.
Assess the outcome variable among both groups after the treatment group receives treatment
What is an experimental/RCT research design - correct answer ✔✔A type of experimental design where
participants are randomly assigned to a treatment or control conditions and complete outcome
measures after or during treatment period
What is an observational data collection technique - correct answer ✔✔Recording actions directly
relevant to the research question
What is a self-report data collection technique - correct answer ✔✔Participants' responses to questions
What is an implicit data collection technique - correct answer ✔✔Recording actions that imply an
underlying effect
What are the trade-offs for using a lab experiment - correct answer ✔✔There is high control but low
realism and representativeness
What are the trade offs for using a field experiemtn - correct answer ✔✔There is medium control, high
realism, and representativeness varies
What is triangulation - correct answer ✔✔Using different methodologies to see if the same relationship
is obtained. If several imperfect measures provide the same result, then there is confidence that the
relationship really exists and is not an artifact of the measurement process
What is construct validity - correct answer ✔✔Measuring what you say you are measuring. How well the
theoretical concept or construct is represented by data gathered
