Pediatric Nursing (Wong's Essentials): midterm exam
with correct verified answers. Latest 2025
1. A nurse is delivering a lecture to a group of parents on child health and
diseases. What is the most common cause of death in children older than 1 year?
Obesity
Type 2 diabetes
Motor vehicle accidents
Heart disease: Motor Vehicle Accidents
Rationale: Motor vehicle accidents are the most common cause of death in children over
1 year of age. Obesity is the most common nutritional problem in children and can lead to
type 2 diabetes. Incidents related to death due to heart diseases, such as coronary heart
disease, in children are not that common.
2. A school nurse finds that many adolescents in the school are overweight.
Being overweight predisposes these adolescents to which conditions?
Diabetes
Hypertension
Heart diseases
Fractures
Headaches: Diabetes, Hypertension, Heart Disease
,Rationale: Overweight individuals are at high risk of developing diabetes due to
increased insulin resistance. The risk of hypertension and heart disease is also high due to
atherosclerosis. The risk of fractures and headaches is not dependent on body weight.
3. What should be the primary goal of a nurse while providing atraumatic care
to a child?
First, do no harm to the child.
Restrain the child.
Repress the parents.
Anesthetize the child: First, do no harm to the child.
Rationale: The most important goal for providing a traumatic care is first, do no harm to
the child. Restraining the child, repressing the parents and anesthesia are not primary
goals of a traumatic care.
4. What is the most common cause of death and disability in children in the
United States?
Injuries
Violence
Drowning
Mental health problems: Injuries.
,Rationale: Injuries account for the most common cause of death and disability to children
in the United States. Violence, drowning, and mental health problems are not the most
common causes of death and disability in children in the United States. 5. A nurse
understands that moral values are important in any decision making. What does the
moral value autonomy refer to?
The obligation to prevent or minimize harm
The patient's right to be self-governing
The concept of fairness
The obligation to promote the patient's well-being: The patient's right to be self-
governing.
Rationale: Autonomy refers to the patient's right to be self-governing and make decisions
about his or her own healthcare. The obligation to prevent or minimize harm is called
nonmaleficence. The concept of fairness is called justice. The obligation to promote the
patient's well-being is called beneficence.
6. What should be the nurse's instruction to the parent of a child who is overweight?
Inform the parent that the baby is well nourished.
Advise the parent to put the child on a temporary fast.
Tell the parent to reduce the quantity of food supplied to child.
Emphasize the importance of physical activity for the child.: Emphasize the
importance of physical activity for the child.
, Rationale: Childhood obesity is the major risk factor for the development of type 2
diabetes. Weight-loss measures such as increased physical activity and avoiding a
sedentary lifestyle play an important role in prevention of diabetes. Overweight is also a
sort of malnourishment. A fast is merely a temporary measure of weight reduction and is
not appropriate for children. Modification of food habits is more important than reducing
food intake.
7. A nurse explains to a young patient's parent that, in children, the frequency of
certain diseases decreases with age. Which condition should the nurse state as an
example to prove her point?
Headaches
Acne
Type 1 diabetes mellitus
Tonsillitis: Tonsillitis
Rationale: The types of illnesses that children contract are dependent on age. The
incidence of upper respiratory tract infections like tonsillitis decreases with age.
Headaches and acne increase in frequency with age. Type 1 or juvenile diabetes is not
associated with a specific age.
8. After recording the weight of a newborn child, the nurse concludes that it is a
low-birth-weight (LBW) baby. What is the weight of the baby?
with correct verified answers. Latest 2025
1. A nurse is delivering a lecture to a group of parents on child health and
diseases. What is the most common cause of death in children older than 1 year?
Obesity
Type 2 diabetes
Motor vehicle accidents
Heart disease: Motor Vehicle Accidents
Rationale: Motor vehicle accidents are the most common cause of death in children over
1 year of age. Obesity is the most common nutritional problem in children and can lead to
type 2 diabetes. Incidents related to death due to heart diseases, such as coronary heart
disease, in children are not that common.
2. A school nurse finds that many adolescents in the school are overweight.
Being overweight predisposes these adolescents to which conditions?
Diabetes
Hypertension
Heart diseases
Fractures
Headaches: Diabetes, Hypertension, Heart Disease
,Rationale: Overweight individuals are at high risk of developing diabetes due to
increased insulin resistance. The risk of hypertension and heart disease is also high due to
atherosclerosis. The risk of fractures and headaches is not dependent on body weight.
3. What should be the primary goal of a nurse while providing atraumatic care
to a child?
First, do no harm to the child.
Restrain the child.
Repress the parents.
Anesthetize the child: First, do no harm to the child.
Rationale: The most important goal for providing a traumatic care is first, do no harm to
the child. Restraining the child, repressing the parents and anesthesia are not primary
goals of a traumatic care.
4. What is the most common cause of death and disability in children in the
United States?
Injuries
Violence
Drowning
Mental health problems: Injuries.
,Rationale: Injuries account for the most common cause of death and disability to children
in the United States. Violence, drowning, and mental health problems are not the most
common causes of death and disability in children in the United States. 5. A nurse
understands that moral values are important in any decision making. What does the
moral value autonomy refer to?
The obligation to prevent or minimize harm
The patient's right to be self-governing
The concept of fairness
The obligation to promote the patient's well-being: The patient's right to be self-
governing.
Rationale: Autonomy refers to the patient's right to be self-governing and make decisions
about his or her own healthcare. The obligation to prevent or minimize harm is called
nonmaleficence. The concept of fairness is called justice. The obligation to promote the
patient's well-being is called beneficence.
6. What should be the nurse's instruction to the parent of a child who is overweight?
Inform the parent that the baby is well nourished.
Advise the parent to put the child on a temporary fast.
Tell the parent to reduce the quantity of food supplied to child.
Emphasize the importance of physical activity for the child.: Emphasize the
importance of physical activity for the child.
, Rationale: Childhood obesity is the major risk factor for the development of type 2
diabetes. Weight-loss measures such as increased physical activity and avoiding a
sedentary lifestyle play an important role in prevention of diabetes. Overweight is also a
sort of malnourishment. A fast is merely a temporary measure of weight reduction and is
not appropriate for children. Modification of food habits is more important than reducing
food intake.
7. A nurse explains to a young patient's parent that, in children, the frequency of
certain diseases decreases with age. Which condition should the nurse state as an
example to prove her point?
Headaches
Acne
Type 1 diabetes mellitus
Tonsillitis: Tonsillitis
Rationale: The types of illnesses that children contract are dependent on age. The
incidence of upper respiratory tract infections like tonsillitis decreases with age.
Headaches and acne increase in frequency with age. Type 1 or juvenile diabetes is not
associated with a specific age.
8. After recording the weight of a newborn child, the nurse concludes that it is a
low-birth-weight (LBW) baby. What is the weight of the baby?
