Maternal Child Nursing Care Practice Questions for
exam 3 with correct verified answers. Latest 2025
1. Nurses must be alert for increased fluid requirements when a child
presents with which possible concern? a. Fever
b. Mechanical ventilation
c. Congestive heart failure
d. Increased intracranial pressure (ICP): ANS: A
Fever leads to great insensible fluid loss in young children because of increased
body surface
area relative to fluid volume. Respiratory rate influences insensible fluid loss and
should be
monitored in the mechanically ventilated child. Congestive heart failure is a case
of fluid overload in children. ICP does not lead to increased fluid requirements in
children.
2. Which type of dehydration results from water loss in excess of
electrolyte loss?
a. Isotonic dehydration
b. Isosmotic dehydration
c. Hypotonic dehydration
,d. Hypertonic dehydration: ANS: D
Hypertonic dehydration results from water loss in excess of electrolyte loss. This
is the most
dangerous type of dehydration. It is caused by feeding children fluids with high
amounts of
solute. Isotonic dehydration occurs in conditions in which electrolyte and water
deficits are present in balanced proportion. Isosmotic dehydration is another term
for isotonic dehydration. Hypotonic dehydration occurs when the electrolyte
deficit exceeds the water deficit, leaving the serum hypotonic.
3. An infant is brought to the emergency department with poor skin
turgor, sunken fontanel, lethargy, and tachycardia. This is suggestive of
which condition? a. Overhydration
b. Dehydration
c. Sodium excess
d. Calcium excess: ANS: B
These clinical manifestations indicate dehydration. Symptoms of overhydration
are edema and
weight gain. Regardless of extracellular sodium levels, total body sodium is
usually depleted
,in dehydration. Symptoms of hypocalcemia are a result of neuromuscular
irritability and manifest as jitteriness, tetany, tremors, and muscle twitching.
4. What is a common cause of acute diarrhea?
a. Hirschsprung's disease
b. Antibiotic therapy
c. Hypothyroidism
d. Meconium ileus: ANS: B
Acute diarrhea is a sudden increase in frequency and change in consistency of
stools and may
be associated with antibiotic therapy. Hirschsprung's disease, hypothyroidism,
and meconium ileus are usually manifested with constipation rather than
diarrhea.
5. The viral pathogen that frequently causes acute diarrhea in young
children is:
a. Giardia organisms.
b. Shigella organisms.
c. Rotavirus.
d. Salmonella organisms.: ANS: C
, Rotavirus is the most frequent viral pathogen that causes diarrhea in young
children. Giardia
and Salmonella are bacterial pathogens that cause diarrhea. Shigella is a
bacterial pathogen that is uncommon in the United States.
6. Constipation has recently become a problem for a school-age child who
is being treated for seasonal allergies. The nurse should focus the
assessment on what possibly related factor? a. Diet
b. Allergies
c. Antihistamines
d. Emotional factors: ANS: C
Constipation may be associated with drugs such as antihistamines, antacids,
diuretics, opioids,
antiepileptics, and iron. Because this is the only known recent change in her
habits, the
addition of antihistamines is most likely the etiology of the diarrhea, rather than
diet, allergies,
or emotional factors. With a change in bowel habits, the presence and role of
any recently prescribed medications should be assessed.
7. Therapeutic management of most children with Hirschsprung's disease
is primarily:
exam 3 with correct verified answers. Latest 2025
1. Nurses must be alert for increased fluid requirements when a child
presents with which possible concern? a. Fever
b. Mechanical ventilation
c. Congestive heart failure
d. Increased intracranial pressure (ICP): ANS: A
Fever leads to great insensible fluid loss in young children because of increased
body surface
area relative to fluid volume. Respiratory rate influences insensible fluid loss and
should be
monitored in the mechanically ventilated child. Congestive heart failure is a case
of fluid overload in children. ICP does not lead to increased fluid requirements in
children.
2. Which type of dehydration results from water loss in excess of
electrolyte loss?
a. Isotonic dehydration
b. Isosmotic dehydration
c. Hypotonic dehydration
,d. Hypertonic dehydration: ANS: D
Hypertonic dehydration results from water loss in excess of electrolyte loss. This
is the most
dangerous type of dehydration. It is caused by feeding children fluids with high
amounts of
solute. Isotonic dehydration occurs in conditions in which electrolyte and water
deficits are present in balanced proportion. Isosmotic dehydration is another term
for isotonic dehydration. Hypotonic dehydration occurs when the electrolyte
deficit exceeds the water deficit, leaving the serum hypotonic.
3. An infant is brought to the emergency department with poor skin
turgor, sunken fontanel, lethargy, and tachycardia. This is suggestive of
which condition? a. Overhydration
b. Dehydration
c. Sodium excess
d. Calcium excess: ANS: B
These clinical manifestations indicate dehydration. Symptoms of overhydration
are edema and
weight gain. Regardless of extracellular sodium levels, total body sodium is
usually depleted
,in dehydration. Symptoms of hypocalcemia are a result of neuromuscular
irritability and manifest as jitteriness, tetany, tremors, and muscle twitching.
4. What is a common cause of acute diarrhea?
a. Hirschsprung's disease
b. Antibiotic therapy
c. Hypothyroidism
d. Meconium ileus: ANS: B
Acute diarrhea is a sudden increase in frequency and change in consistency of
stools and may
be associated with antibiotic therapy. Hirschsprung's disease, hypothyroidism,
and meconium ileus are usually manifested with constipation rather than
diarrhea.
5. The viral pathogen that frequently causes acute diarrhea in young
children is:
a. Giardia organisms.
b. Shigella organisms.
c. Rotavirus.
d. Salmonella organisms.: ANS: C
, Rotavirus is the most frequent viral pathogen that causes diarrhea in young
children. Giardia
and Salmonella are bacterial pathogens that cause diarrhea. Shigella is a
bacterial pathogen that is uncommon in the United States.
6. Constipation has recently become a problem for a school-age child who
is being treated for seasonal allergies. The nurse should focus the
assessment on what possibly related factor? a. Diet
b. Allergies
c. Antihistamines
d. Emotional factors: ANS: C
Constipation may be associated with drugs such as antihistamines, antacids,
diuretics, opioids,
antiepileptics, and iron. Because this is the only known recent change in her
habits, the
addition of antihistamines is most likely the etiology of the diarrhea, rather than
diet, allergies,
or emotional factors. With a change in bowel habits, the presence and role of
any recently prescribed medications should be assessed.
7. Therapeutic management of most children with Hirschsprung's disease
is primarily:
