J101 FINAL TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
The SVO ~ Subject-verb-object
Subject
-The main character in the sentence
-I, she, he, they
Verb
-Word that coveys the action
-Walk, run, eat, sleep, talk, jump, hyperventilate
Object
-The thing that gets acted on by the verb (comes after verb)
Active Voice
-The subject is doing the acton
-SVO
-THE BETTER way to go
Example:
The cat ate the mouse
Passive Voice
-The thing receiving the action = at the beginning of the sentence
-Thing doing the action = at the end of the sentence
-YOU DO NOT always know what the subject is.
Example:
The mouse was eaten by the cat.
Mistakes were made.
Grammar was taught.
Split Infinitive
-A two-word form of a verb
-You split an infinitive
Example:
To write, to read, to illustrate
Aldus Manutius
-Invented the semicolon (1400s) as an elegant way to continue sentences.
Semicolon
LOOKING BACKWARD!
-The sentence is not whole.
-Use it to join 2 clauses that are linked conceptually and you want to refer back.
-The all-purpose way to eliminate a comma splice.
-Giant comma to separate things that already have a comma.
, Example:
The Golden State Warriors have one of the best lineups in the league, featuring
Stephen Curry, point guard; Klay Thompson, shooting guard; Kevin Durant, forward;
Draymond Green, power forward; and Jordan Bell, center.
Comma Splice
Putting a comma between two independent clauses.
NOT a legitimate strategy to avoid a comma splice
Separate two independent clauses with a comma.
Legitimate strategies to avoid a comma splice
-Use a semicolon
-Break into two sentences
-Add a comma and a conjunction word such as "and"
Colon
LOOKING FORWARD!
-Used in order to set up a list and things that are coming after a sentence.
-Mark of expectation or addition.
-Use colons to format lists.
-ONLY use after full sentences.
-Namely test/DUN DUN DUN
M-dash
-Use this to add emphasis, provide variety
-Less formal
-Option in place of comma or colon (less formal way)
-Avoids comma clutter
-The length of an M
-Can be used inside a sentence or at the end to set something up.
Exclamation Mark
-Use them strongly
-Texting and speech are different
-Point of enthusiasm, agreement, or call to action
-Statement of fact: That's blatantly false!
-Hostility: I dare you!
-Good to use at the beginning or end, NEVER INTERIOR OF A PARAGRAPH.
--Don't waste exclamation points in interior of paragraph
-Be appropriate to the situation
-Develop your OWN personal rule and stick to it!
Noun
Person, place, or thing.
Pronoun
Do the work for nouns you already know.
Personal Pronouns
Reflects back personhood.
Example:
She, Her, Hers, His, I, Me, Mine
Interrogative and Relative Pronouns
The SVO ~ Subject-verb-object
Subject
-The main character in the sentence
-I, she, he, they
Verb
-Word that coveys the action
-Walk, run, eat, sleep, talk, jump, hyperventilate
Object
-The thing that gets acted on by the verb (comes after verb)
Active Voice
-The subject is doing the acton
-SVO
-THE BETTER way to go
Example:
The cat ate the mouse
Passive Voice
-The thing receiving the action = at the beginning of the sentence
-Thing doing the action = at the end of the sentence
-YOU DO NOT always know what the subject is.
Example:
The mouse was eaten by the cat.
Mistakes were made.
Grammar was taught.
Split Infinitive
-A two-word form of a verb
-You split an infinitive
Example:
To write, to read, to illustrate
Aldus Manutius
-Invented the semicolon (1400s) as an elegant way to continue sentences.
Semicolon
LOOKING BACKWARD!
-The sentence is not whole.
-Use it to join 2 clauses that are linked conceptually and you want to refer back.
-The all-purpose way to eliminate a comma splice.
-Giant comma to separate things that already have a comma.
, Example:
The Golden State Warriors have one of the best lineups in the league, featuring
Stephen Curry, point guard; Klay Thompson, shooting guard; Kevin Durant, forward;
Draymond Green, power forward; and Jordan Bell, center.
Comma Splice
Putting a comma between two independent clauses.
NOT a legitimate strategy to avoid a comma splice
Separate two independent clauses with a comma.
Legitimate strategies to avoid a comma splice
-Use a semicolon
-Break into two sentences
-Add a comma and a conjunction word such as "and"
Colon
LOOKING FORWARD!
-Used in order to set up a list and things that are coming after a sentence.
-Mark of expectation or addition.
-Use colons to format lists.
-ONLY use after full sentences.
-Namely test/DUN DUN DUN
M-dash
-Use this to add emphasis, provide variety
-Less formal
-Option in place of comma or colon (less formal way)
-Avoids comma clutter
-The length of an M
-Can be used inside a sentence or at the end to set something up.
Exclamation Mark
-Use them strongly
-Texting and speech are different
-Point of enthusiasm, agreement, or call to action
-Statement of fact: That's blatantly false!
-Hostility: I dare you!
-Good to use at the beginning or end, NEVER INTERIOR OF A PARAGRAPH.
--Don't waste exclamation points in interior of paragraph
-Be appropriate to the situation
-Develop your OWN personal rule and stick to it!
Noun
Person, place, or thing.
Pronoun
Do the work for nouns you already know.
Personal Pronouns
Reflects back personhood.
Example:
She, Her, Hers, His, I, Me, Mine
Interrogative and Relative Pronouns
