BIO 1040 TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST UPDATE
obesity
weight that is considered unhealthy for given height
BMI
a measure of body weight relative to height
NEAT
non-exercise activity thermogenesis, an exercise that is a part of daily living (ex: walking
the dog, washing dishes)
nutrients
chemical components found in food that our body needs to live, grow, and repair itself
energy
the ability to do work
How energy is measured in food
Calories (notice the capital c)
1 Calorie
1000 calories (lowercase c)
cellular respiration
the process of extracting energy from food
ATP
main energy source that cells use for most of their work
aerobic respiration
Respiration that requires oxygen
aerobic respiration equation
glucose + oxygen --> carbon dioxide + water + ATP
fermentation
Process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen
fermentation equation
glucose → some product
3 steps of aerobic respiration
1. Glycolysis
2. Citric Acid Cycle
3. Electron Transport Chain
Glycolysis
occurs in the cytoplasm, glucose is broken into pyruvate, some ATP is released, the
molecule NAD+ turns into NADH by gaining charged electrons
Citric Acid Cycle
Occurs in the mitochondria center, pyruvate is broken into CO2 (what we breathe out),
some ATP molecules are released, some electrons are given to NAD+ turning into
NADH
Electron Transport Chain
LATEST UPDATE
obesity
weight that is considered unhealthy for given height
BMI
a measure of body weight relative to height
NEAT
non-exercise activity thermogenesis, an exercise that is a part of daily living (ex: walking
the dog, washing dishes)
nutrients
chemical components found in food that our body needs to live, grow, and repair itself
energy
the ability to do work
How energy is measured in food
Calories (notice the capital c)
1 Calorie
1000 calories (lowercase c)
cellular respiration
the process of extracting energy from food
ATP
main energy source that cells use for most of their work
aerobic respiration
Respiration that requires oxygen
aerobic respiration equation
glucose + oxygen --> carbon dioxide + water + ATP
fermentation
Process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen
fermentation equation
glucose → some product
3 steps of aerobic respiration
1. Glycolysis
2. Citric Acid Cycle
3. Electron Transport Chain
Glycolysis
occurs in the cytoplasm, glucose is broken into pyruvate, some ATP is released, the
molecule NAD+ turns into NADH by gaining charged electrons
Citric Acid Cycle
Occurs in the mitochondria center, pyruvate is broken into CO2 (what we breathe out),
some ATP molecules are released, some electrons are given to NAD+ turning into
NADH
Electron Transport Chain
