BIO 1040 TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST UPDATE
simple columnar epithelium
lines the intestines, where it secretes digestive juices and absorbs nutrients. The apical
surface of some columnar cells has tiny densely packed projections called microvilli that
increase surface area for absorption; other cells have longer motile projections called
cilia that move materials along the epithelial surface.
simple squamous epithelium
Function: Allows passage of materials by diffusion and filtration in sites where protection
is not important; secretes lubricating substances in serosae.
Location: Kidney glomeruli, air sacs of lungs, lining of heart, blood vessels, and
lymphatic vessels; lining of ventral body cavity(serosae)
stratified squamous epithelium
make it well suited for lining surfaces that are subject to abrasion, such as the outer skin
and the linings of the mouth and esophagus. Stratified squamous epithelium
regenerates rapidly by division of the cells near the extracellular matrix. New cells move
toward the apical surface as older cells slough off. We probably shed close to 500
million skin cells per day, adding up to many pounds of skin cells per year!
Simple cuboidal epithelium
Function: secretion and absorption
Location: Kidney tubules; ducts and secretory portions of small glands, ovary surface.
increase SA and V
cell identity
proteins that are expressed in the cell
food
fuel
energy from covalent bonds
Laryngeal nerve
in giraffe: LN goes from brain to voice box but it wraps around b/c its ancestors had
short neck
human: still odd but not absurd
signal transduction pathway
convert messages received at the cell surface to responses within the cell
Four main tissues
epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
most organs have all
anchor junctions
, intercellular filaments between cells
anchored but want movement between
tight junctions
prevent fluid from moving across a layer of cells
gap junction
allow cytoplasm to move through
connective tissue
binds and supports other tissues
more matrix than cells
blood connective tissue
bone connective tissue
mineralized and forms the skeleton
cartilage connective tissue
at the end of a bone
adipose tissue
Tissue that stores fat.
fibrous connective tissue
forming a tendon
loose connective tissue
under the skin
cardiac muscle
heart
branched and short
skeletal muscle
A muscle that is attached to the bones of the skeleton
voluntary
actin and myosin
smooth muscle
involuntary muscle found in internal organs
nervous tissue
forms a communication network
bio-electrical signals
cell body
axon
dendrites
neurons: nervous impulse
microglia
Clean up dead cells and prevent infection in the brain
Astrocytes
nutritionally connect
oligodendrocytes
makes myelin sheath
integumentary system
skin, hair, nails
protects body
LATEST UPDATE
simple columnar epithelium
lines the intestines, where it secretes digestive juices and absorbs nutrients. The apical
surface of some columnar cells has tiny densely packed projections called microvilli that
increase surface area for absorption; other cells have longer motile projections called
cilia that move materials along the epithelial surface.
simple squamous epithelium
Function: Allows passage of materials by diffusion and filtration in sites where protection
is not important; secretes lubricating substances in serosae.
Location: Kidney glomeruli, air sacs of lungs, lining of heart, blood vessels, and
lymphatic vessels; lining of ventral body cavity(serosae)
stratified squamous epithelium
make it well suited for lining surfaces that are subject to abrasion, such as the outer skin
and the linings of the mouth and esophagus. Stratified squamous epithelium
regenerates rapidly by division of the cells near the extracellular matrix. New cells move
toward the apical surface as older cells slough off. We probably shed close to 500
million skin cells per day, adding up to many pounds of skin cells per year!
Simple cuboidal epithelium
Function: secretion and absorption
Location: Kidney tubules; ducts and secretory portions of small glands, ovary surface.
increase SA and V
cell identity
proteins that are expressed in the cell
food
fuel
energy from covalent bonds
Laryngeal nerve
in giraffe: LN goes from brain to voice box but it wraps around b/c its ancestors had
short neck
human: still odd but not absurd
signal transduction pathway
convert messages received at the cell surface to responses within the cell
Four main tissues
epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
most organs have all
anchor junctions
, intercellular filaments between cells
anchored but want movement between
tight junctions
prevent fluid from moving across a layer of cells
gap junction
allow cytoplasm to move through
connective tissue
binds and supports other tissues
more matrix than cells
blood connective tissue
bone connective tissue
mineralized and forms the skeleton
cartilage connective tissue
at the end of a bone
adipose tissue
Tissue that stores fat.
fibrous connective tissue
forming a tendon
loose connective tissue
under the skin
cardiac muscle
heart
branched and short
skeletal muscle
A muscle that is attached to the bones of the skeleton
voluntary
actin and myosin
smooth muscle
involuntary muscle found in internal organs
nervous tissue
forms a communication network
bio-electrical signals
cell body
axon
dendrites
neurons: nervous impulse
microglia
Clean up dead cells and prevent infection in the brain
Astrocytes
nutritionally connect
oligodendrocytes
makes myelin sheath
integumentary system
skin, hair, nails
protects body
