BIO 1040 TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST UPDATE
descent with modification
Term Darwin used instead of evolution
5 years
How long Darwin spend on HMS
Yes! It is a process. It is the mechanism that cause the observed pattern change
Did Darwin believe evolution was a branching process
A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive
and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits.
natural selection
This a human thing. Species are modified over many generation by selecting or
breeding organisms that posess desired traits
artificial selection
Cow breeding and don breeding
Example of artificial selection
Term used to describe inherited characteristics of organism that enhance their
reproduction and survival in specific environment
Adaptation
wisdom teeth, tailbone
Example of vestigial structure
Structures in different species that are similar because of common ancestry.
What is homologous structure
2 examples of direct observation of evolutionay change
1) Drug development
2) Resistance in bacteria
Genetic variation
Differences among individuals in the composition of their genes or other DNA segments
1) Overtime natural selection increase the frequency of adaptation that are
favorable for a specific environment
2) It is a process in which organisms that have a certain inherited traits tend to
survive and reproduce at a higher rate than other organisms because of those
traits
2 key features of natural selection
Intron
non-coding region
differences in DNA sequence that do not confer a selective advantage or
disadvantage
neutral variation
sexual reproduction shuffles in 3 ways. what are the 3 ways
, 1) crossing over
2) indendent assortment of chromosome
3) fertilization
2 types of genetic drift
bottleneck effect and founder effect
Is genetic drift a type of natural selection
No
sexual demorphism
Differences between the secondary sex characteristics of males and females of the
same species
5 conditions of HWE
No mutation, random mating, large population, no gene flow, No natural selection
List the 4 main stages that produced simple cells.
1) abiotic synthesis- of small organic molecules (amino acids, nitrogenous bases)
2) small molecules are joined to form macromolecules (nucleic acid proteins)
3) package of these macromolecule into protocells
4) origine of self-replicating molecules
What was the Oparin-Haldane hypothesis?
The early atmosphere of the earth was reducing 9gain electron) in which organic
compound could have formed from simpler molecules
Who tested the Oparin-Haldane hypothesis?
Miller and Urey
Ribozymes
RNA molecules that function as enzymes
radiometric dating
method used to determine the age of rocks and fossils
How lond did the first 3 eons last?
How long have singe-celled organisms been on earth
3.5 billion years
Did the oxygen eveolution doom many prokaryotes
yes
endomorphism
Relationship between 2 species in which organism lives inside the cell or cells of the
other organism
When was the Cambrian explosion?
535-525 million years ago
How long did fungi and plants begin to colonize the land
4.5 billion years
Homiotic Genes
Master regulatory genes
Phylogeny
This is an evolutionary history of a species or a group of related species
branch point
Each of these represent a common ancestor of the 2 evolutionary lineage diverging
from it
basal taxon
LATEST UPDATE
descent with modification
Term Darwin used instead of evolution
5 years
How long Darwin spend on HMS
Yes! It is a process. It is the mechanism that cause the observed pattern change
Did Darwin believe evolution was a branching process
A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive
and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits.
natural selection
This a human thing. Species are modified over many generation by selecting or
breeding organisms that posess desired traits
artificial selection
Cow breeding and don breeding
Example of artificial selection
Term used to describe inherited characteristics of organism that enhance their
reproduction and survival in specific environment
Adaptation
wisdom teeth, tailbone
Example of vestigial structure
Structures in different species that are similar because of common ancestry.
What is homologous structure
2 examples of direct observation of evolutionay change
1) Drug development
2) Resistance in bacteria
Genetic variation
Differences among individuals in the composition of their genes or other DNA segments
1) Overtime natural selection increase the frequency of adaptation that are
favorable for a specific environment
2) It is a process in which organisms that have a certain inherited traits tend to
survive and reproduce at a higher rate than other organisms because of those
traits
2 key features of natural selection
Intron
non-coding region
differences in DNA sequence that do not confer a selective advantage or
disadvantage
neutral variation
sexual reproduction shuffles in 3 ways. what are the 3 ways
, 1) crossing over
2) indendent assortment of chromosome
3) fertilization
2 types of genetic drift
bottleneck effect and founder effect
Is genetic drift a type of natural selection
No
sexual demorphism
Differences between the secondary sex characteristics of males and females of the
same species
5 conditions of HWE
No mutation, random mating, large population, no gene flow, No natural selection
List the 4 main stages that produced simple cells.
1) abiotic synthesis- of small organic molecules (amino acids, nitrogenous bases)
2) small molecules are joined to form macromolecules (nucleic acid proteins)
3) package of these macromolecule into protocells
4) origine of self-replicating molecules
What was the Oparin-Haldane hypothesis?
The early atmosphere of the earth was reducing 9gain electron) in which organic
compound could have formed from simpler molecules
Who tested the Oparin-Haldane hypothesis?
Miller and Urey
Ribozymes
RNA molecules that function as enzymes
radiometric dating
method used to determine the age of rocks and fossils
How lond did the first 3 eons last?
How long have singe-celled organisms been on earth
3.5 billion years
Did the oxygen eveolution doom many prokaryotes
yes
endomorphism
Relationship between 2 species in which organism lives inside the cell or cells of the
other organism
When was the Cambrian explosion?
535-525 million years ago
How long did fungi and plants begin to colonize the land
4.5 billion years
Homiotic Genes
Master regulatory genes
Phylogeny
This is an evolutionary history of a species or a group of related species
branch point
Each of these represent a common ancestor of the 2 evolutionary lineage diverging
from it
basal taxon
