Dehydration synthesis
stringing monomers together (water is removed)
Hydrolysis
Process of separating polymers into monomers (water is added)
Starch digestion
starts on the mouth (via salivary amylase)
protein digestion
starts in the stomach
endocrine glands
ductless and secrete directly into the bloodstream
exocrine glands
use ducts to secrete
insulin stimulates:
fat storage
glucagon stimulates:
fat breakdown
pulsatile secretion
when hormones are released in spurts to prevent desensitization
vitamin A
necessary for thyroid hormone activity
antagonistic relationships
glucagon is antagonistic to insulin
stratum lucidum
skin layer only in thick skin