PHYSIOLOGY (ALL TEST QUESTIONS)
what is not a reliable source of information to use when looking for scientifically
accurate information?
a book by Dr. Seuss found in the pop-culture section of the bookstore
which of the following situations would most likely have the greatest increase in
anabolic reactions compared to catabolic reactions occurring in the body?
an athlete going through pre-season conditioning to build muscle
what is true about a cell that is hyperosmotic to its environment?
the cell has a higher concentration of solutes than its environment
how does a catalyst assist with speeding up a chemical reaction?
lowers the activation energy needed for the reaction
astrocytes are cells of what type of tissue?
nervous tissue
what is true of the following:
schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system myelinate only a single axon
an ion channel that opens or closes in response to deformation of the membrane
is what type of channel?
mechanically-gated ion channel
select the division of the nervous system that allows you to know that bacon is
cooking in the other room.
sensory
what helps determine the resting membrane potential of a cell?
all of the above
what is an example of a cell that is undergoing depolarization if the extracellular
voltage remains unchanged at +20mV but intracellular voltage changes from -
50mV to:
+45mV
when processing dat to answer this multiple-choice question, you are utilizing the
___ of the nervous system.
integrative function
there are several types of glial cells in the nervous system. what glial cell type is
responsible for the production of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) in the brain?
ependymal cells
movement of ions through channels occurs as a result of gradients. if left alone,
these gradients would eventually run down (i.e. reach equilibrium). how do active
transporters (pumps) like the Na+/K+ ATPase maintain the gradients?
they pump ions across the membrane maintaining both the electrical and concentration
gradients.
what primary function do the vertebrate and meninges serve for the spinal cord?
all choices are correct.
, following the peak of an action potential, the Na+ channels close and the K+
open. what happens to the membrane potential?
it repolarizes the membrane potential towards the resting potential
which of the following cranial nerves is NOT involved with eye movement?
olfactory
at a chemical synapse, what happens as an action potential (AP) reaches the
synaptic end bulb?
an AP triggers the opening of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, causing the synaptic end
vesicles to release neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft which bind to receptors in the
postsynaptic neuron.
in a spinal reflex pathway, axons of ___ neurons enter the dorsal gray horn and
synapse with interneurons that in turn synapse with ___ neurons.
sensory; motor
in the periphery of the retina, convergence of the photoreceptors facilitates what?
light sensitivity
the vagus nerve:
all of the above
what is a potential consequence of damage to Broca's area in the cerebral
cortex?
the ability to translate thoughts to speech will be impaired
in the ear, what is true about sound transduction?
the mechanically gated K+ channels of the stereocilium of inner ear cells open, leading
to activation of the of voltage gated Ca2+ channels.
the ON pathway is visual processing, what is true?
in darkness, there are fewer action potential generated by the ganglionic cells; in light,
there are more action potentials generated by the ganglionic cells
a cochlear implant, which replicates the function of the cochlea, may assist an
individual with what type of hearing loss?
sensorineural hearing loss
what is responsible for the ability to read braille with your fingertips?
small receptive fields with small overlap
in the context of taste transduction, gustatory receptor cells that may result in
neurotransmitter release following activation of the Na+ channels are associated
with what primary (1*) taste?
salty
referred pain is due to what feature of the neural pathways?
convergence of the somatic and visceral first-order neurons on the same second-order
neurons
during the sleep cycle, what best describes the physiological changes occurring
during REM (rapid-eye movement) sleep?
elevated HR, increased BP, increased RR
what fills the space between the pia mater and the arachnoid mater and what is
its function?
CSF; to provide nutrition
describe how an inhibitory post-synaptic potential (IPSP) affects the polarization
of the post-synaptic membrane.
what is not a reliable source of information to use when looking for scientifically
accurate information?
a book by Dr. Seuss found in the pop-culture section of the bookstore
which of the following situations would most likely have the greatest increase in
anabolic reactions compared to catabolic reactions occurring in the body?
an athlete going through pre-season conditioning to build muscle
what is true about a cell that is hyperosmotic to its environment?
the cell has a higher concentration of solutes than its environment
how does a catalyst assist with speeding up a chemical reaction?
lowers the activation energy needed for the reaction
astrocytes are cells of what type of tissue?
nervous tissue
what is true of the following:
schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system myelinate only a single axon
an ion channel that opens or closes in response to deformation of the membrane
is what type of channel?
mechanically-gated ion channel
select the division of the nervous system that allows you to know that bacon is
cooking in the other room.
sensory
what helps determine the resting membrane potential of a cell?
all of the above
what is an example of a cell that is undergoing depolarization if the extracellular
voltage remains unchanged at +20mV but intracellular voltage changes from -
50mV to:
+45mV
when processing dat to answer this multiple-choice question, you are utilizing the
___ of the nervous system.
integrative function
there are several types of glial cells in the nervous system. what glial cell type is
responsible for the production of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) in the brain?
ependymal cells
movement of ions through channels occurs as a result of gradients. if left alone,
these gradients would eventually run down (i.e. reach equilibrium). how do active
transporters (pumps) like the Na+/K+ ATPase maintain the gradients?
they pump ions across the membrane maintaining both the electrical and concentration
gradients.
what primary function do the vertebrate and meninges serve for the spinal cord?
all choices are correct.
, following the peak of an action potential, the Na+ channels close and the K+
open. what happens to the membrane potential?
it repolarizes the membrane potential towards the resting potential
which of the following cranial nerves is NOT involved with eye movement?
olfactory
at a chemical synapse, what happens as an action potential (AP) reaches the
synaptic end bulb?
an AP triggers the opening of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, causing the synaptic end
vesicles to release neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft which bind to receptors in the
postsynaptic neuron.
in a spinal reflex pathway, axons of ___ neurons enter the dorsal gray horn and
synapse with interneurons that in turn synapse with ___ neurons.
sensory; motor
in the periphery of the retina, convergence of the photoreceptors facilitates what?
light sensitivity
the vagus nerve:
all of the above
what is a potential consequence of damage to Broca's area in the cerebral
cortex?
the ability to translate thoughts to speech will be impaired
in the ear, what is true about sound transduction?
the mechanically gated K+ channels of the stereocilium of inner ear cells open, leading
to activation of the of voltage gated Ca2+ channels.
the ON pathway is visual processing, what is true?
in darkness, there are fewer action potential generated by the ganglionic cells; in light,
there are more action potentials generated by the ganglionic cells
a cochlear implant, which replicates the function of the cochlea, may assist an
individual with what type of hearing loss?
sensorineural hearing loss
what is responsible for the ability to read braille with your fingertips?
small receptive fields with small overlap
in the context of taste transduction, gustatory receptor cells that may result in
neurotransmitter release following activation of the Na+ channels are associated
with what primary (1*) taste?
salty
referred pain is due to what feature of the neural pathways?
convergence of the somatic and visceral first-order neurons on the same second-order
neurons
during the sleep cycle, what best describes the physiological changes occurring
during REM (rapid-eye movement) sleep?
elevated HR, increased BP, increased RR
what fills the space between the pia mater and the arachnoid mater and what is
its function?
CSF; to provide nutrition
describe how an inhibitory post-synaptic potential (IPSP) affects the polarization
of the post-synaptic membrane.
