ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY TEST
Integumentary System
Covering system
Composition of integumentary system
skin, hair, nails
Anatomically (structure) of skin
1.epidermis
2.dermis
3.hypodermis
What layer is the Epidermis
top most layer
How many cells is epidermis composed of?
40-50 cells
Epidermis is Avascular or vascular?
Avascular. Doesn't have a blood supply
Epidermis is 90% made up of what?
Keratinocyte
Keratinocyte:
protein keratin. (H2o proof, scaly, tough)
Dermis:
layer below epidermis
Dermis has two layers:
1. papillary layer
2. Retriculor
Papillary Layer-
Blood supply (nutrition)
Reticulor
hair follicles, nerves, glands, protein fibers (elastin&collagen)
Hypodermis
Below the dermis ( also known as subcutaneous tissue) adipose cells, collagen,
reticular
F(x): of hypodermis
Protection, cushion, energy reserve
Physiology of skin:
1.Thermo-regulation
2.protection
3.sensation
4.excretion
5.dermis
Thermoregulation
Temperature. Increase and decrease heat in body.
Thermoregulation has two types:
Vasodilate
Vasoconstrict
, Vasodilate:
Sweating -> decrease heat
Vasoconstrict
Increase heat, Increase core body temp
Protection:
U.V radiation.
Trauma,
bacteria (microorganism)
toxins
Sensation:
Nerves.
Tactile (3types)
-Pressure
-touch
-proprioception (joint muscle)
Pain/temperature.
Excretion:
remove waste and toxins.
Sweat: Nacl, H2O, heat.
Sweat is mostly salt
Dermis:
blood resevoir
Vitamin D systhesis:
Need UV to hit skin to make vitamin D.
________ is the most important storehouse in the body for minerals such as
calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium salts.
Bone
The ribs and sternum are classified as ______ bones because they are thin and
broad.
flat
T/F: Hematopoiesis occurs in both the red and yellow marrow of bones.
False.
______________ ___________ resists forces from many directions and forms a
protective framework for the red bone marrow.
Spongy bone
The hormone that is primarily involved in the control of bone resorption is:
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Thin, broad bones such as the ribs and sternum?
Flat bone
The presence of a diaphysis is indicative of this bone shape?
Long bone
This type of bone is characterized by the presence of trabeculae?
Spongy bone
The diaphyses of long bones are created by a thick layer of this type of bone?
compact bone
The appearance of this structure signals the end of bone growth?
Integumentary System
Covering system
Composition of integumentary system
skin, hair, nails
Anatomically (structure) of skin
1.epidermis
2.dermis
3.hypodermis
What layer is the Epidermis
top most layer
How many cells is epidermis composed of?
40-50 cells
Epidermis is Avascular or vascular?
Avascular. Doesn't have a blood supply
Epidermis is 90% made up of what?
Keratinocyte
Keratinocyte:
protein keratin. (H2o proof, scaly, tough)
Dermis:
layer below epidermis
Dermis has two layers:
1. papillary layer
2. Retriculor
Papillary Layer-
Blood supply (nutrition)
Reticulor
hair follicles, nerves, glands, protein fibers (elastin&collagen)
Hypodermis
Below the dermis ( also known as subcutaneous tissue) adipose cells, collagen,
reticular
F(x): of hypodermis
Protection, cushion, energy reserve
Physiology of skin:
1.Thermo-regulation
2.protection
3.sensation
4.excretion
5.dermis
Thermoregulation
Temperature. Increase and decrease heat in body.
Thermoregulation has two types:
Vasodilate
Vasoconstrict
, Vasodilate:
Sweating -> decrease heat
Vasoconstrict
Increase heat, Increase core body temp
Protection:
U.V radiation.
Trauma,
bacteria (microorganism)
toxins
Sensation:
Nerves.
Tactile (3types)
-Pressure
-touch
-proprioception (joint muscle)
Pain/temperature.
Excretion:
remove waste and toxins.
Sweat: Nacl, H2O, heat.
Sweat is mostly salt
Dermis:
blood resevoir
Vitamin D systhesis:
Need UV to hit skin to make vitamin D.
________ is the most important storehouse in the body for minerals such as
calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium salts.
Bone
The ribs and sternum are classified as ______ bones because they are thin and
broad.
flat
T/F: Hematopoiesis occurs in both the red and yellow marrow of bones.
False.
______________ ___________ resists forces from many directions and forms a
protective framework for the red bone marrow.
Spongy bone
The hormone that is primarily involved in the control of bone resorption is:
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Thin, broad bones such as the ribs and sternum?
Flat bone
The presence of a diaphysis is indicative of this bone shape?
Long bone
This type of bone is characterized by the presence of trabeculae?
Spongy bone
The diaphyses of long bones are created by a thick layer of this type of bone?
compact bone
The appearance of this structure signals the end of bone growth?
