COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
search warrant
a legal document that allows search of self or property
Fourth Amendment
Protects against unreasonable search and seizure
Fifth amendment
The right against self-incrimination
Miranda Rights
Any time there is a custodial interrogation, a person must be Mirandized. (Custodial
means depriving one of free movement and an interrogation consists of guilt-seeking
questions.)
Miranda Rights update
Police are not required to obtain a waiver before interrogation.
The suspect bares the burden to speak up and say that he/she does not wish to talk.
Bill of Rights
First 10 amendments to the Constitution
primary crime scene
The original location of a crime or accident
secondary crime scene
An alternate location where additional evidence may be found
direct evidence
, establishes proof of a fact without any other evidence (eyewitness statements,
confessions)
circumstantial evidence
requires an indirect judgment or inference about what happened (Usually a series of
circumstances from which a fair assumption can be made as to the validity of the fact)
Testimonial Evidence
a statement made under oath that may be given by a lay or expert witness. The
credibility of the witness comes into play.
Physical Evidence
any object or material that is relevant to a crime; also known as real evidence
chain of custody
a written record of all people who have had possession of an item of evidence
Frye v. United States
Case that set the "general acceptance" standard for the admission of expert testimony
into court
Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals
Admissibility is determined by:
▪ Whether the theory or technique
can be tested
▪ Whether the science has been
offered for peer review
▪ Whether the rate of error is
acceptable