FRSC 2600 - DNA TERMS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
who is the leading expert in DNA typing and wrote a textbook?
John M. Butler
what is DNA?
Deoxyribonucleic acid. half from mom and half from dad. varies from person to person.
double helix structure
what is dna composed of?
nucleotides, the unit containing a sugar molecule, phosphate, and a nitrogen base
what are the four bases?
adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine
what bases pair together?
A to T (double bond) and G to C (triple bond). triple bond is stronger
how many chromosomes do we have?
22 pairs of chromosomes + sex determining chromosomes (X+X or X+Y)
what do genes determine?
hair color, eye color, etc
what are genes responsible for?
maintenance of cells, immune responses, structure of cells, functioning of cells
genes are ____ sequences and areas between genes are ____ sequences
coding; noncoding
do we focus on coding or noncoding in forensics?
, noncoding
what are STRs?
short tandem repeats
what are alleles?
the number designation given to the number of repeats at a certain location
if AATG is repeated 7 times in a row, how many alleles does Tina have?
7
what is the difference between locus and allele?
locus is location. allele is the number of repeats
what is heterozygous?
if the number of repeats is different on the two chromosomes (i.e. 7,8)
what is homozygous?
if the number of repeats is the same on the two chromosomes (i.e. 7,7)
what processes are involved in obtaining a DNA profile?
biological screening/crime scene, sampling, extraction, quantitation, amplification,
seperation, and analysis
what types of samples are obtained for DNA?
blood, trace, or touch DNA. examples include semen, bone, hairs, and salive
what are the four main extraction techniques?
organic, chelex, silica based, and differential extraction
what do we do after DNA is extracted/purified
find out how much DNA we have. amplification/seperation steps need to have specific
amount of NA. quantify the sample to know how much to add.
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
who is the leading expert in DNA typing and wrote a textbook?
John M. Butler
what is DNA?
Deoxyribonucleic acid. half from mom and half from dad. varies from person to person.
double helix structure
what is dna composed of?
nucleotides, the unit containing a sugar molecule, phosphate, and a nitrogen base
what are the four bases?
adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine
what bases pair together?
A to T (double bond) and G to C (triple bond). triple bond is stronger
how many chromosomes do we have?
22 pairs of chromosomes + sex determining chromosomes (X+X or X+Y)
what do genes determine?
hair color, eye color, etc
what are genes responsible for?
maintenance of cells, immune responses, structure of cells, functioning of cells
genes are ____ sequences and areas between genes are ____ sequences
coding; noncoding
do we focus on coding or noncoding in forensics?
, noncoding
what are STRs?
short tandem repeats
what are alleles?
the number designation given to the number of repeats at a certain location
if AATG is repeated 7 times in a row, how many alleles does Tina have?
7
what is the difference between locus and allele?
locus is location. allele is the number of repeats
what is heterozygous?
if the number of repeats is different on the two chromosomes (i.e. 7,8)
what is homozygous?
if the number of repeats is the same on the two chromosomes (i.e. 7,7)
what processes are involved in obtaining a DNA profile?
biological screening/crime scene, sampling, extraction, quantitation, amplification,
seperation, and analysis
what types of samples are obtained for DNA?
blood, trace, or touch DNA. examples include semen, bone, hairs, and salive
what are the four main extraction techniques?
organic, chelex, silica based, and differential extraction
what do we do after DNA is extracted/purified
find out how much DNA we have. amplification/seperation steps need to have specific
amount of NA. quantify the sample to know how much to add.
