NSG 311, Gastrointestinal Function
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
peritoneum - ANSWER>>large serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity
parietal peritoneum - ANSWER>>outer layer
visceral peritoneum - ANSWER>>inner layer
peritoneal cavity - ANSWER>>space between parietal and visceral peritoneum
mesentery - ANSWER>>double-layer peritoneum containing blood vessels and
nerves that supplies the intestinal wall
gallbladder - ANSWER>>stores bile produced by the liver
pyloric stenosis - ANSWER>>narrowing and obstruction of the pyloric sphincter
hematemesis - ANSWER>>blood in the vomitus
yellow/green vomitus - ANSWER>>- usually indicates the presence of bile
- can occur as a result of a GI tract obstruction
deep brown vomitus - ANSWER>>- may indicate content from the lower
intestine
- frequently results from intestinal obstruction
undigested food vomitus - ANSWER>>caused by conditions that impair gastric
emptying
hiatal hernia - ANSWER>>a stomach section protrudes upward through an
opening in the diaphragm toward the lung
gastritis - ANSWER>>inflammation of stomach's mucosal lining
, acute gastritis - ANSWER>>- can be a mild, transient irritation, or a severe
ulceration with hemorrhage
- usually develops suddenly and likely to be accompanied by nausea and
epigastric pain
chronic gastritis - ANSWER>>- develops gradually
- may be asymptomatic, but usually accompanied by dull epigastric pain and
sensation of fullness after minimal intake
gastroenteritis - ANSWER>>inflammation of stomach and intestines usually
because of infection or allergic reaction
helicobacter pylori - ANSWER>>-most common cause of chronic gastritis
- erodes stomach's protective mucosal barrier
peptic ulcer disease - ANSWER>>lesions affecting stomach or duodenum lining
duodenal ulcers - ANSWER>>- most commonly associated with excessive acid or
H. pylori infections
- typically present with epigastric pain that is relieved in the presence of food
gastric ulcers - ANSWER>>- less frequent but more deadly
- typically are associated with malignancy and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs
- pain typically worsens with eating
stress ulcers - ANSWER>>develops because of a major physiological stressor due
to local tissue ischemia, tissue acidosis, bile salts entering stomach, and
decreased GI motility
curling's ulcers - ANSWER>>stress ulcers associated with burns
cushing's ulcers - ANSWER>>stress ulcers associated with head injuries
cholelithiasis - ANSWER>>gallstones
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
peritoneum - ANSWER>>large serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity
parietal peritoneum - ANSWER>>outer layer
visceral peritoneum - ANSWER>>inner layer
peritoneal cavity - ANSWER>>space between parietal and visceral peritoneum
mesentery - ANSWER>>double-layer peritoneum containing blood vessels and
nerves that supplies the intestinal wall
gallbladder - ANSWER>>stores bile produced by the liver
pyloric stenosis - ANSWER>>narrowing and obstruction of the pyloric sphincter
hematemesis - ANSWER>>blood in the vomitus
yellow/green vomitus - ANSWER>>- usually indicates the presence of bile
- can occur as a result of a GI tract obstruction
deep brown vomitus - ANSWER>>- may indicate content from the lower
intestine
- frequently results from intestinal obstruction
undigested food vomitus - ANSWER>>caused by conditions that impair gastric
emptying
hiatal hernia - ANSWER>>a stomach section protrudes upward through an
opening in the diaphragm toward the lung
gastritis - ANSWER>>inflammation of stomach's mucosal lining
, acute gastritis - ANSWER>>- can be a mild, transient irritation, or a severe
ulceration with hemorrhage
- usually develops suddenly and likely to be accompanied by nausea and
epigastric pain
chronic gastritis - ANSWER>>- develops gradually
- may be asymptomatic, but usually accompanied by dull epigastric pain and
sensation of fullness after minimal intake
gastroenteritis - ANSWER>>inflammation of stomach and intestines usually
because of infection or allergic reaction
helicobacter pylori - ANSWER>>-most common cause of chronic gastritis
- erodes stomach's protective mucosal barrier
peptic ulcer disease - ANSWER>>lesions affecting stomach or duodenum lining
duodenal ulcers - ANSWER>>- most commonly associated with excessive acid or
H. pylori infections
- typically present with epigastric pain that is relieved in the presence of food
gastric ulcers - ANSWER>>- less frequent but more deadly
- typically are associated with malignancy and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs
- pain typically worsens with eating
stress ulcers - ANSWER>>develops because of a major physiological stressor due
to local tissue ischemia, tissue acidosis, bile salts entering stomach, and
decreased GI motility
curling's ulcers - ANSWER>>stress ulcers associated with burns
cushing's ulcers - ANSWER>>stress ulcers associated with head injuries
cholelithiasis - ANSWER>>gallstones
