NM701 MODULE 5 EXAM ACTUAL DETAILED QUESTION AND
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE
agents reliably improve hot flashes due to menopause
Placebo
Acupuncture
Venlafaxine (Effexor)
Estrogen
Effexor effectiveness in improving hot flashes
For women who cannot take hormones or prefer to avoid hormonal risks, several SNRIs
and SSRIs may reduce hot flashes.
Estrogen effectiveness in improving hot flashes
ET reliably reduces hot flashes caused by menopause, and works better in studies than
any other agent or placebo.
Placebo effectiveness in improving hot flashes
Intriguingly, the placebo arm of most studies of possible hot flash treatments show
significant reductions in these annoying symptoms--up to 50%.
Our minds and our bodies seem to be very connected when it comes to menopause! Of
course we cannot ethically prescribe placebo, but it's certainly okay to "talk up" an
evidence-based remedy and set the stage for a good response!
Acupuncture effectiveness in improving hot flashes
,While few high quality studies have been conducted, those that have find evidence that
acupuncture works to reduce hot flushes, sleep disturbances, and mood disturbances in
menopause.
the best determinant of whether a midlife woman has reached menopause
the date of her last menstrual period
When can a woman consider herself to be in menopause
When a woman has not been taking any exogenous hormones, and it's been 12 full
months since her last period, she can consider herself to be in menopause and no
longer at risk for pregnancy.
Which of the following is TRUE about hormone therapy for menopause and
cancer?
estrogen + progestin reduces the risk of colorectal cancer.
Yes, 6 FEWER women per 10,000 users per year developed colorectal cancer
compared with women who did not use hormone therapy.
Smokers can use estrogen therapy for menopause.
True
As long as smoking is the only cardiovascular risk factor, adding estrogen doesn't
increase CVD enough beyond smoking + age alone to make estrogen contraindicated.
Note that this is only true for menopausal doses of estrogen, which are about 1/10 to
1/7 as strong as those used for contraception.
Why smoking is a risk factor for developing Osteoporosis
smokers metabolize estrogen faster, leading to earlier menopause (on average) and
higher risk for osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture.
, Why low BMI is a risk factor for developing Osteoporosis
very thin women are more likely to develop osteoporosis, probably because they had
less bone mass throughout life and post-menopausal losses hit harder.
Why sedentary lifestyle is a risk factor for developing Osteoporosis
bone strength is maintained by use, especially weight-bearing exercise and activity.
Why family history is a risk factor for developing Osteoporosis
women with a first-degree relative with osteoporosis are more likely to develop it
themselves.
4 risk factors for developing osteoporosis
smoking
low BMI
sedentary lifestyle
family history
Which is the most serious osteoporotic fracture experienced by post-menopausal
women?
hip fracture
Yes. Many women who break a hip die during the year after the fracture, and almost
half of the survivors experience loss of the ability to live independently.
Clinicians do not need to consider osteoporosis risk factors until a woman
reaches menopause.
False
Prevention of osteoporosis starts at menarche. Our adolescents who do not maintain
enough body mass to have periods are also not developing enough bone mass.
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE
agents reliably improve hot flashes due to menopause
Placebo
Acupuncture
Venlafaxine (Effexor)
Estrogen
Effexor effectiveness in improving hot flashes
For women who cannot take hormones or prefer to avoid hormonal risks, several SNRIs
and SSRIs may reduce hot flashes.
Estrogen effectiveness in improving hot flashes
ET reliably reduces hot flashes caused by menopause, and works better in studies than
any other agent or placebo.
Placebo effectiveness in improving hot flashes
Intriguingly, the placebo arm of most studies of possible hot flash treatments show
significant reductions in these annoying symptoms--up to 50%.
Our minds and our bodies seem to be very connected when it comes to menopause! Of
course we cannot ethically prescribe placebo, but it's certainly okay to "talk up" an
evidence-based remedy and set the stage for a good response!
Acupuncture effectiveness in improving hot flashes
,While few high quality studies have been conducted, those that have find evidence that
acupuncture works to reduce hot flushes, sleep disturbances, and mood disturbances in
menopause.
the best determinant of whether a midlife woman has reached menopause
the date of her last menstrual period
When can a woman consider herself to be in menopause
When a woman has not been taking any exogenous hormones, and it's been 12 full
months since her last period, she can consider herself to be in menopause and no
longer at risk for pregnancy.
Which of the following is TRUE about hormone therapy for menopause and
cancer?
estrogen + progestin reduces the risk of colorectal cancer.
Yes, 6 FEWER women per 10,000 users per year developed colorectal cancer
compared with women who did not use hormone therapy.
Smokers can use estrogen therapy for menopause.
True
As long as smoking is the only cardiovascular risk factor, adding estrogen doesn't
increase CVD enough beyond smoking + age alone to make estrogen contraindicated.
Note that this is only true for menopausal doses of estrogen, which are about 1/10 to
1/7 as strong as those used for contraception.
Why smoking is a risk factor for developing Osteoporosis
smokers metabolize estrogen faster, leading to earlier menopause (on average) and
higher risk for osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture.
, Why low BMI is a risk factor for developing Osteoporosis
very thin women are more likely to develop osteoporosis, probably because they had
less bone mass throughout life and post-menopausal losses hit harder.
Why sedentary lifestyle is a risk factor for developing Osteoporosis
bone strength is maintained by use, especially weight-bearing exercise and activity.
Why family history is a risk factor for developing Osteoporosis
women with a first-degree relative with osteoporosis are more likely to develop it
themselves.
4 risk factors for developing osteoporosis
smoking
low BMI
sedentary lifestyle
family history
Which is the most serious osteoporotic fracture experienced by post-menopausal
women?
hip fracture
Yes. Many women who break a hip die during the year after the fracture, and almost
half of the survivors experience loss of the ability to live independently.
Clinicians do not need to consider osteoporosis risk factors until a woman
reaches menopause.
False
Prevention of osteoporosis starts at menarche. Our adolescents who do not maintain
enough body mass to have periods are also not developing enough bone mass.
