NM 701 MENOPAUSE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
menopause
- change in HPO axis
- ovaries cease functioning & periods stop = end of reproductive yrs
usual age of menopause
- 48-55
- average is 51
menopause is the point at which
- periods stop for 12 consecutive months when not taking exogenous hormones
menopause/vasomotor Sx
- hot flashes
- hot flushes
- night sweats
- sleep disruptions
- urogenital changes
hot flashes occur with a
- surge in LH levels
hot flushes occur d/t
- peripheral vascular dilation
night sweats occur d/t
,- increase in temp followed by drop in core body temp
urogenital changes lead to
- atrophy --> cxing vag dryness & dyspareunia
Dxing menopause
- lab hormone testing
- report LMP
- age
are menopause labs accurate
- no --> hormone levels fluctuate greatly during this change
hormone fluctuations are r/t reduced responsive ovarian follicles &
- FSH
- LH
- estrogen
- testosterone
FSH & menopause
- as time goes follicles are less responsive to FSH = ovaries produce less estradiol,
progesterone, & androgens
FSH levels
- increased in PMP
- > 30 --> likely indicates menopause --> but not required to Dx
typical negative feedback from reproductive yrs is lost cxing the
- anterior pit continues to produce FSH & LH at higher levels than in menstrual cycle
- FSH is higher than LH
, LH levels
- remains increased PMP in response to decrease in estrogen
estrogen --> estradiol
- decreased
estradiol is
- main estrogen produced in reproductive yrs
estrogen --> estrone
- primary estrogen PMP
- decreased
estrone
- weakest estrogen produced in reproductive yrs
estrogen --> estriol
- secreted by placenta
- is byproduct of estradiol & estrone
- levels decreased
testosterone
- levels remain constant premenopause & PMP --> d/t rise in FSH & LH --> stimulating
ovarian stromal tissue to increase production
vasomotor Sx HT
- standard Tx in appropriate candidates
- ET or EPT
micronized progesterone
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
menopause
- change in HPO axis
- ovaries cease functioning & periods stop = end of reproductive yrs
usual age of menopause
- 48-55
- average is 51
menopause is the point at which
- periods stop for 12 consecutive months when not taking exogenous hormones
menopause/vasomotor Sx
- hot flashes
- hot flushes
- night sweats
- sleep disruptions
- urogenital changes
hot flashes occur with a
- surge in LH levels
hot flushes occur d/t
- peripheral vascular dilation
night sweats occur d/t
,- increase in temp followed by drop in core body temp
urogenital changes lead to
- atrophy --> cxing vag dryness & dyspareunia
Dxing menopause
- lab hormone testing
- report LMP
- age
are menopause labs accurate
- no --> hormone levels fluctuate greatly during this change
hormone fluctuations are r/t reduced responsive ovarian follicles &
- FSH
- LH
- estrogen
- testosterone
FSH & menopause
- as time goes follicles are less responsive to FSH = ovaries produce less estradiol,
progesterone, & androgens
FSH levels
- increased in PMP
- > 30 --> likely indicates menopause --> but not required to Dx
typical negative feedback from reproductive yrs is lost cxing the
- anterior pit continues to produce FSH & LH at higher levels than in menstrual cycle
- FSH is higher than LH
, LH levels
- remains increased PMP in response to decrease in estrogen
estrogen --> estradiol
- decreased
estradiol is
- main estrogen produced in reproductive yrs
estrogen --> estrone
- primary estrogen PMP
- decreased
estrone
- weakest estrogen produced in reproductive yrs
estrogen --> estriol
- secreted by placenta
- is byproduct of estradiol & estrone
- levels decreased
testosterone
- levels remain constant premenopause & PMP --> d/t rise in FSH & LH --> stimulating
ovarian stromal tissue to increase production
vasomotor Sx HT
- standard Tx in appropriate candidates
- ET or EPT
micronized progesterone
