Line Items Stage 3: Orals 14-20 & Flights 16-24
1. Teardrop Procedure Turn Purpose and Procedure: Course Reversal, ONLY.
1. Fly directly to the IAF of the procedure turn.
2. Track the procedure course (PC) outbound for approx. HALF the max distance.
- i.e. if instructed "Remain within 10nm," begin turn at 5nm.
3. Turn to the outbound course of the procedure turn.
4. Time and fly the outbound course for one minute.
5. Twist the CDI to the procedure course (PC) inbound.
6. Turn to the inbound course of the procedure turn.
7. Intercept the procedure course (PC) inbound.
8. Continue the approach to mins and land
2. Hold In-Lieu of Procedure Turn Purpose and Procedure: Course Reversal PLUS Sequencing, Delays
Same procedures as in Stage 2. Determine best entry, and fly either a timed or DME hold, whichever is published.
3. Procedure Turns are not authorized in what circumstances?: SHARPTT:
- Straight In
- Hold in Lieu (racetrack PTs)
- Arcing
- Receiving radar vectors
- "No (P)T" published
- Timed Approaches
- Teardrop (barbed PTs)
4. Types of Approaches: Precision Nonprecision
Approach with Vertical Guidance
5. Precision Approaches (PA): Approaches that provide both lateral and vertical guidance:
ILS- Instrument Landing System, relies on Localizer and Glideslope
GBAS/GLS- Ground Based Augmentation System and Landing System. Similar to ILS, but based on GPS signals that ar
then supplemented by ground equipment
PAR- Precision Approach Radar, relies solely on radar and comms. ATC provides headings and altitudes to stay on
course.
1/
, Line Items Stage 3: Orals 14-20 & Flights 16-24
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fxqwnp
MLS- Microwave Landing System, operates similarly to ILS, with higher degrees of accuracy and a wider range of
capture angles an approaching aircraft can use to align itself on the approach.
6. When are PARs most used?: In event of system failure, or in any case by the military.
7. Non-Precision Approaches (NPA): Standard instrument approach procedures with only lateral guidance. Stepdown
altitudes separated by fixes guide descents.
RNP- Relies on GNSS (GPS). Aircraft and pilot must be certified and trained.
LP- Localizer Performance approaches utilize WAAS lateral guidance. WAAS GPS receiver is required.
VOR- Relies on VOR signals for lateral guidance. Arcft must be equipped w/ nav receiver.
NDB- Low freq transmitter for lateral guidance. Arcft must be equipped w/ nav receiver.
LOC- Localizer approaches utilize solely Localizer of ILS approach. Aircraft must be equipped with nav receiver.
ASR- Approach Surveillance Radar. A PAR approach without vertical guidance. Arcft must have 2-way comms.
LDA- Localizer Type Directional Approach. Approach course to LOC is 3-6 degrees wide. Arcft must be equipped w/ na
receiver.
SDF- Simplified Directional Facility. Similar to ILS, but less lateral precision. Ap- proach course is 6-12 degrees wide.
Arcft must be equipped w/ nav receiver.
LNAV- Relies on GNSS (GPS). RAIM required. Area navigation with lateral guidance only.
8. Approaches w/ Vertical Guidance: Approaches that provide lateral and vertical guidance, but do not meet ICAO
precision approach standards. RAIM is required for all GPS approaches.
LPV- Localizer Performance with Vertical Guidance (WAAS required)
1. Teardrop Procedure Turn Purpose and Procedure: Course Reversal, ONLY.
1. Fly directly to the IAF of the procedure turn.
2. Track the procedure course (PC) outbound for approx. HALF the max distance.
- i.e. if instructed "Remain within 10nm," begin turn at 5nm.
3. Turn to the outbound course of the procedure turn.
4. Time and fly the outbound course for one minute.
5. Twist the CDI to the procedure course (PC) inbound.
6. Turn to the inbound course of the procedure turn.
7. Intercept the procedure course (PC) inbound.
8. Continue the approach to mins and land
2. Hold In-Lieu of Procedure Turn Purpose and Procedure: Course Reversal PLUS Sequencing, Delays
Same procedures as in Stage 2. Determine best entry, and fly either a timed or DME hold, whichever is published.
3. Procedure Turns are not authorized in what circumstances?: SHARPTT:
- Straight In
- Hold in Lieu (racetrack PTs)
- Arcing
- Receiving radar vectors
- "No (P)T" published
- Timed Approaches
- Teardrop (barbed PTs)
4. Types of Approaches: Precision Nonprecision
Approach with Vertical Guidance
5. Precision Approaches (PA): Approaches that provide both lateral and vertical guidance:
ILS- Instrument Landing System, relies on Localizer and Glideslope
GBAS/GLS- Ground Based Augmentation System and Landing System. Similar to ILS, but based on GPS signals that ar
then supplemented by ground equipment
PAR- Precision Approach Radar, relies solely on radar and comms. ATC provides headings and altitudes to stay on
course.
1/
, Line Items Stage 3: Orals 14-20 & Flights 16-24
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fxqwnp
MLS- Microwave Landing System, operates similarly to ILS, with higher degrees of accuracy and a wider range of
capture angles an approaching aircraft can use to align itself on the approach.
6. When are PARs most used?: In event of system failure, or in any case by the military.
7. Non-Precision Approaches (NPA): Standard instrument approach procedures with only lateral guidance. Stepdown
altitudes separated by fixes guide descents.
RNP- Relies on GNSS (GPS). Aircraft and pilot must be certified and trained.
LP- Localizer Performance approaches utilize WAAS lateral guidance. WAAS GPS receiver is required.
VOR- Relies on VOR signals for lateral guidance. Arcft must be equipped w/ nav receiver.
NDB- Low freq transmitter for lateral guidance. Arcft must be equipped w/ nav receiver.
LOC- Localizer approaches utilize solely Localizer of ILS approach. Aircraft must be equipped with nav receiver.
ASR- Approach Surveillance Radar. A PAR approach without vertical guidance. Arcft must have 2-way comms.
LDA- Localizer Type Directional Approach. Approach course to LOC is 3-6 degrees wide. Arcft must be equipped w/ na
receiver.
SDF- Simplified Directional Facility. Similar to ILS, but less lateral precision. Ap- proach course is 6-12 degrees wide.
Arcft must be equipped w/ nav receiver.
LNAV- Relies on GNSS (GPS). RAIM required. Area navigation with lateral guidance only.
8. Approaches w/ Vertical Guidance: Approaches that provide lateral and vertical guidance, but do not meet ICAO
precision approach standards. RAIM is required for all GPS approaches.
LPV- Localizer Performance with Vertical Guidance (WAAS required)