NORMAL OBSTETRICS : 3 Trimester, Naegele’s Ru
of Pregnancy, Changes in Pregnancy, Fetal Growt
Development, Antepartum Care : Fetal Well-Being
Maternal Well-Being, Discomfort of Pregnancy, H
Teaching, Labor & Delivery
Subject OBSTETRICS
Pregnancy : 3 PERIODS
1st Trimester 2nd Trimester 3rd Trimester
*** “MOST CRITICAL PHASE” *** “MOST COMFORTABLE/EASIEST — period of unattra
— organogenesis : fetus organs are being PHASE” → assess support s
created — has already adapted to the pregnancy state support to inc self-e
— category A Drugs : it doesn’t cross the — increase libido : urge to have sex
placenta
ex. biogesic (paracetamol)
— 3 germ layers :
A. ectoderm : develops brain
B. mesoderm : develops heart
C. endoderm : develops GI
*** ambivalence — 2 opposing feelings (mixed
emotions)
— only normal in 1st, abnormal in 2nd & 3rd
Naegele’s Rule
— calculation used for estemating expected date of delivery (EDD) based on woman’s LMP (1st day of last menstruation)
Jan-Mar : +9 +7 same year
Apr-Dec : -3 +7 +1
Gravity Parity
*** # of times a woman has been pregnant *** # of times a woman has given birth to a b
the outcome is irrelevant (it does not matter the status of the baby, includes all babies >20 weeks that are liv
solely pregnancies)
ONLY PREGNANCIES : NOT THE NO. OF B
includes current pregnancy
ONLY PREGNANCIES : NOT THE NO. OF BABIES
GTPALM
Gravidity : # of pregnancies
Term : >37 weeks
Pre-term : 20-36 weeks
Abortion / Miscarriage : <20 weeks
Living Children : all children are count individually
Multiple Pregnancies
, HCG (human chorionic line
gonadotropin : (+) pregnancy mid
test line
exi
braxton hicks contraction :
painless, irregular
ballottement : bouncing
(balloatable : non-engage /
non-balloatable : engaged)
Adaptations/Changes in Pregnancy :
CARDIOVASCULAR
inc total cardiac volume → inc CO (cardiac output)
palpitations — temporary
edema :
normal : lower extremities / bipedal — due to decrease venous return
abnormal : upper extremities / anasarca (generalized) / periorbital / facial edema — signs of PIH (pregnancy induce
HCP
assessment : abnormal
*** hands → i cannot remove my ring
*** face → i cannot open my eyes upon awakening
varicose veins : overworked veins → enlarged veins
signs : homan’s sign — dorsiflexion of foot part → (+) pain in the calf
💡 DON’T MASSAGE — lead to dislodge clot
💡 ELEVATE foot affected
risk of DVT (deep vein thombosis) : virchow’s triad
a. venous stasis “starts here” — Mgt : anti-embolic stocking
b. venal wall damage
c. v/blood coagulation
GASTROINTESTINAL
morning sickness : hypoglycemia in morning
mgt : simple CHO (carbohydrates) — crackers/dry toast → offer before getting out of bed
hyperemesis gravidarum : excessive vomiting during pregnancy lead to heartburn
mgt : small frequent feeding
constipation & flatulence :dec peristalsis movement
mgt : inc fiber + oral fluid intake / ambulation
hemorrhoids : inc pressure in perineal area
a. internal : asymptomatic
b. external : painful (located in the anal sphincter)
*** mgt : warm sitz bath + witch hazel (astringent/vesicant) — shrink or dehydrate hemorrhoids
heartburn (chest pain) : HCL acid reflux → damage in esophageal linings (located in chest area
mgt : small frequent feeding
RESPIRATORY
shortness of breath
of Pregnancy, Changes in Pregnancy, Fetal Growt
Development, Antepartum Care : Fetal Well-Being
Maternal Well-Being, Discomfort of Pregnancy, H
Teaching, Labor & Delivery
Subject OBSTETRICS
Pregnancy : 3 PERIODS
1st Trimester 2nd Trimester 3rd Trimester
*** “MOST CRITICAL PHASE” *** “MOST COMFORTABLE/EASIEST — period of unattra
— organogenesis : fetus organs are being PHASE” → assess support s
created — has already adapted to the pregnancy state support to inc self-e
— category A Drugs : it doesn’t cross the — increase libido : urge to have sex
placenta
ex. biogesic (paracetamol)
— 3 germ layers :
A. ectoderm : develops brain
B. mesoderm : develops heart
C. endoderm : develops GI
*** ambivalence — 2 opposing feelings (mixed
emotions)
— only normal in 1st, abnormal in 2nd & 3rd
Naegele’s Rule
— calculation used for estemating expected date of delivery (EDD) based on woman’s LMP (1st day of last menstruation)
Jan-Mar : +9 +7 same year
Apr-Dec : -3 +7 +1
Gravity Parity
*** # of times a woman has been pregnant *** # of times a woman has given birth to a b
the outcome is irrelevant (it does not matter the status of the baby, includes all babies >20 weeks that are liv
solely pregnancies)
ONLY PREGNANCIES : NOT THE NO. OF B
includes current pregnancy
ONLY PREGNANCIES : NOT THE NO. OF BABIES
GTPALM
Gravidity : # of pregnancies
Term : >37 weeks
Pre-term : 20-36 weeks
Abortion / Miscarriage : <20 weeks
Living Children : all children are count individually
Multiple Pregnancies
, HCG (human chorionic line
gonadotropin : (+) pregnancy mid
test line
exi
braxton hicks contraction :
painless, irregular
ballottement : bouncing
(balloatable : non-engage /
non-balloatable : engaged)
Adaptations/Changes in Pregnancy :
CARDIOVASCULAR
inc total cardiac volume → inc CO (cardiac output)
palpitations — temporary
edema :
normal : lower extremities / bipedal — due to decrease venous return
abnormal : upper extremities / anasarca (generalized) / periorbital / facial edema — signs of PIH (pregnancy induce
HCP
assessment : abnormal
*** hands → i cannot remove my ring
*** face → i cannot open my eyes upon awakening
varicose veins : overworked veins → enlarged veins
signs : homan’s sign — dorsiflexion of foot part → (+) pain in the calf
💡 DON’T MASSAGE — lead to dislodge clot
💡 ELEVATE foot affected
risk of DVT (deep vein thombosis) : virchow’s triad
a. venous stasis “starts here” — Mgt : anti-embolic stocking
b. venal wall damage
c. v/blood coagulation
GASTROINTESTINAL
morning sickness : hypoglycemia in morning
mgt : simple CHO (carbohydrates) — crackers/dry toast → offer before getting out of bed
hyperemesis gravidarum : excessive vomiting during pregnancy lead to heartburn
mgt : small frequent feeding
constipation & flatulence :dec peristalsis movement
mgt : inc fiber + oral fluid intake / ambulation
hemorrhoids : inc pressure in perineal area
a. internal : asymptomatic
b. external : painful (located in the anal sphincter)
*** mgt : warm sitz bath + witch hazel (astringent/vesicant) — shrink or dehydrate hemorrhoids
heartburn (chest pain) : HCL acid reflux → damage in esophageal linings (located in chest area
mgt : small frequent feeding
RESPIRATORY
shortness of breath
