Nursing Research, Ethics in Research, Informed C
Chapter I (Research Problem, Research Question
(Type of Sources), Chapter III (Research Designs,
Techniques), Chapter IV (Descriptive Statistics : M
of Central Tendency, Level of Measurement ; Infe
Statistics : Pearson’s r Value)
Subject RESEARCH
Research
step by step (systematic)
committed to the process (disciplined investigation)
Nursing Research
Purpose : develop EVIDENCE
Goal : improve QOL (quality of life)
Variables : “Mga nagbabago”
1. Independent Variable (IV) : cause (dahilan / sanhi / pinagmulan)
2. Dependent Variable (DV) “Outcome / resultant variable” : effect (bunga / resulta / kinalabasan)
3. Confounding “panggulo” Variables (CV) : extraneous, contaminating factors, bad variables “minimize the CV”
EX: “titignan if related”
physical inactivity (IV) —> Hypertension (DV) —> Alcohol use (CV)
Quantitative Qualitative
empirical : observed by the 5 senses (vision, hearing, smell, taste, human experience
touch)
flexible, evolving “can be modified to imp
logical, planned “fixed”
narrative, words, subjective “interview” “t
numbers, statistics “surveys”
natural setting
controlled “decrease CV, bias decrease”
Ethics in Research
Codes of Ethics : protection of research subjects
Priority : SAFETY
Ethical Principles “in research”
1. Autonomy — voluntary decision “for oneself”
2. Beneficence — do good “to improve health” (ex. medications)
3. Non-maleficence — do no harm “to promote safety” (ex. asepsis)
4. Justice — equal risks and benefits “fairness, no favoritism”
5. Veracity — complete information “truth-telling”
6. Confidentiality — data not revealed “secure computer / locked cabinet”
Anonymity : data not linked to person “highest level of confidentiality” , remove identifying information
Chapter I (Research Problem, Research Question
(Type of Sources), Chapter III (Research Designs,
Techniques), Chapter IV (Descriptive Statistics : M
of Central Tendency, Level of Measurement ; Infe
Statistics : Pearson’s r Value)
Subject RESEARCH
Research
step by step (systematic)
committed to the process (disciplined investigation)
Nursing Research
Purpose : develop EVIDENCE
Goal : improve QOL (quality of life)
Variables : “Mga nagbabago”
1. Independent Variable (IV) : cause (dahilan / sanhi / pinagmulan)
2. Dependent Variable (DV) “Outcome / resultant variable” : effect (bunga / resulta / kinalabasan)
3. Confounding “panggulo” Variables (CV) : extraneous, contaminating factors, bad variables “minimize the CV”
EX: “titignan if related”
physical inactivity (IV) —> Hypertension (DV) —> Alcohol use (CV)
Quantitative Qualitative
empirical : observed by the 5 senses (vision, hearing, smell, taste, human experience
touch)
flexible, evolving “can be modified to imp
logical, planned “fixed”
narrative, words, subjective “interview” “t
numbers, statistics “surveys”
natural setting
controlled “decrease CV, bias decrease”
Ethics in Research
Codes of Ethics : protection of research subjects
Priority : SAFETY
Ethical Principles “in research”
1. Autonomy — voluntary decision “for oneself”
2. Beneficence — do good “to improve health” (ex. medications)
3. Non-maleficence — do no harm “to promote safety” (ex. asepsis)
4. Justice — equal risks and benefits “fairness, no favoritism”
5. Veracity — complete information “truth-telling”
6. Confidentiality — data not revealed “secure computer / locked cabinet”
Anonymity : data not linked to person “highest level of confidentiality” , remove identifying information
