NSG 223 EXAM FOUR BLUEPRINT Latest Update
2024-2025 Actual Exam from Credible Source
with 50 Questions and 100% Verified Detailed
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Advanced directives - CORRECT ANSWER: Written documents that allow the individual
of sound mind to document preferences regarding end-of-life care that should be
followed when the signer is terminally ill and unable to verbally communicate their
wishes. The documents are generally completed in advance of serious illness but may
be completed after a diagnosis of serious illness if the signer is still of sound mind. The
most common types are the durable power of attorney for health care and the living will.
Cancer prevention - CORRECT ANSWER: Healthy weight
Healthy diet
Active lifestyle
Limit alcohol
No smoking
Primary prevention:
Use of immunizations to reduce risk of cancer (HBV vaccine)
Secondary prevention: Screening and early detection
Tertiary prevention:• Monitoring for and preventing recurrence of primary cancer and
screening for development of second malignancies in cancer survivors
CANCER PREVENTION AND FAMILIAL HISTORY - CORRECT ANSWER:
Prophylactic surgery
,Cancer risk factors - CORRECT ANSWER: Women > Men
80% diagnosed after 55 y.o
Non hispanic black men and women > all other racial groups
2x higher in hispanic and latino origin
Tobacco use
> in areas of socioeconomic disparity
Asbestos
Long exposure to sun
Immunocompromise
Previously treated for any form of cancer > risk
Infections
Pollution
Family history
Prestisides
Plastic
Radiation
Chronic irritation/inflammation
Lifestyle factors
Hormonal agents
Viruses
Bacteria
Cancer screening - CORRECT ANSWER: Biopsy: obtain tissue sample of actual tumor
-excisional-For small easily accessible tumors, surgeon can remove the entire tumor
and surrounding tissue (decreases chances of spreading) if cells are left behind, have
chances of regrowing-PERFORMED THROUGH ENDOSCOPY
-incisional-if tumor mass is too large to be removed- PERFORMED THROUGH
ENDOSCOPY
, -needle biopsy: to sample suspicious masses that are easily and safely accessible,
(breast, thyroid, lung, liver, kidney) performed on an outpatient basis (Fine needle
aspiration)-not always sufficient to determine cancer
Core needle biopsy uses a specific needle to obtain a small core of tissue to permit
histologic analysis
The biopsy type is determined by the size and location of the tumor
May be necessary to take a lymph node sample
Sentinel lymph node biopsy (sentinel lymph node mapping)- for melanoma and breast
cancer
Mammography (Annual: 45-54, >55 every other year)
CT scan (Lung: > age 55 and 30+ packs/year smoking history)
Pap smear (Q3 Years 21-29, Q5 years 30-65, >66 NA unless abnormal)
Digital rectal exam (Age 50, every other year if under 2.5)
Low-dose helical CT (lung cancer)
STARTING AT AGE 45
Guaiac based fecal occult blood test, stool DNA test, double contract barium enema,
colonoscopy (colorectal cancer)
Cancer surgical treatment - CORRECT ANSWER: local and wide excisions. Local
excision, often performed on an outpatient basis, is warranted when the mass is small.
It includes removal of the mass and a small margin of normal tissue that is easily
accessible. Wide or radical excisions (en bloc dissections) include removal of the
primary tumor, lymph nodes, adjacent involved structures, and surrounding tissues that
may be at high risk for tumor spread. This surgical method may result in disfigurement
and altered functioning, necessitating rehabilitation, reconstructive procedures, or both.
However, wide excisions are considered if the tumor can be removed completely and
the chances of cure or control are good
2024-2025 Actual Exam from Credible Source
with 50 Questions and 100% Verified Detailed
Correct Answers Guaranteed A+ Approved by
Professor
Advanced directives - CORRECT ANSWER: Written documents that allow the individual
of sound mind to document preferences regarding end-of-life care that should be
followed when the signer is terminally ill and unable to verbally communicate their
wishes. The documents are generally completed in advance of serious illness but may
be completed after a diagnosis of serious illness if the signer is still of sound mind. The
most common types are the durable power of attorney for health care and the living will.
Cancer prevention - CORRECT ANSWER: Healthy weight
Healthy diet
Active lifestyle
Limit alcohol
No smoking
Primary prevention:
Use of immunizations to reduce risk of cancer (HBV vaccine)
Secondary prevention: Screening and early detection
Tertiary prevention:• Monitoring for and preventing recurrence of primary cancer and
screening for development of second malignancies in cancer survivors
CANCER PREVENTION AND FAMILIAL HISTORY - CORRECT ANSWER:
Prophylactic surgery
,Cancer risk factors - CORRECT ANSWER: Women > Men
80% diagnosed after 55 y.o
Non hispanic black men and women > all other racial groups
2x higher in hispanic and latino origin
Tobacco use
> in areas of socioeconomic disparity
Asbestos
Long exposure to sun
Immunocompromise
Previously treated for any form of cancer > risk
Infections
Pollution
Family history
Prestisides
Plastic
Radiation
Chronic irritation/inflammation
Lifestyle factors
Hormonal agents
Viruses
Bacteria
Cancer screening - CORRECT ANSWER: Biopsy: obtain tissue sample of actual tumor
-excisional-For small easily accessible tumors, surgeon can remove the entire tumor
and surrounding tissue (decreases chances of spreading) if cells are left behind, have
chances of regrowing-PERFORMED THROUGH ENDOSCOPY
-incisional-if tumor mass is too large to be removed- PERFORMED THROUGH
ENDOSCOPY
, -needle biopsy: to sample suspicious masses that are easily and safely accessible,
(breast, thyroid, lung, liver, kidney) performed on an outpatient basis (Fine needle
aspiration)-not always sufficient to determine cancer
Core needle biopsy uses a specific needle to obtain a small core of tissue to permit
histologic analysis
The biopsy type is determined by the size and location of the tumor
May be necessary to take a lymph node sample
Sentinel lymph node biopsy (sentinel lymph node mapping)- for melanoma and breast
cancer
Mammography (Annual: 45-54, >55 every other year)
CT scan (Lung: > age 55 and 30+ packs/year smoking history)
Pap smear (Q3 Years 21-29, Q5 years 30-65, >66 NA unless abnormal)
Digital rectal exam (Age 50, every other year if under 2.5)
Low-dose helical CT (lung cancer)
STARTING AT AGE 45
Guaiac based fecal occult blood test, stool DNA test, double contract barium enema,
colonoscopy (colorectal cancer)
Cancer surgical treatment - CORRECT ANSWER: local and wide excisions. Local
excision, often performed on an outpatient basis, is warranted when the mass is small.
It includes removal of the mass and a small margin of normal tissue that is easily
accessible. Wide or radical excisions (en bloc dissections) include removal of the
primary tumor, lymph nodes, adjacent involved structures, and surrounding tissues that
may be at high risk for tumor spread. This surgical method may result in disfigurement
and altered functioning, necessitating rehabilitation, reconstructive procedures, or both.
However, wide excisions are considered if the tumor can be removed completely and
the chances of cure or control are good
