NM HISTORY REVIEW EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
What are the requirements for statehood?
Population of 60,000, write a state constitution, and be approved by a majority vote in
the US Congress.
Why was NM's statehood delayed?
1. Ignorance about the territory and unfair suspicion about its citizens. NM's largely
Hispanic and Native American population was considered too "foreign" in language,
culture, and religion. Also questioned loyalty.
2. Territorial politics- corruption over government and economy (Santa Fe Ring)
3. National politics- other issues had higher priority's for the country.
4. Native American wars were costly and long, gave the territory a bad image-
dominated by primitive population.
5. Territory image as the "Wild West-" lawless, irresponsible, and violent. Perpetuated
by Killy the Bid and other outlaws.
Where did the Revolt of 1847 end?
In Taos
What were the effects of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidaglo?
Established a new boundary between the US and Mexico, ceded half of Mexico's
territory to the US, allowed Mexican citizens to keep their citizenship.
Why did people lose their land from the Protocol of Queretaro?
Because they didn't have official evidence to prove their land ownership. The Santa Fe
Ring were Anglo lawyers who helped take Hispanic land.
,What are some Indian Wars?
When the Acoma rebelled against Spanish rule in 1598, the Rebellion of 1680, the US
defeating nomadic raiding tribes
What was the Navajo Long Walk?
500-mile path thousands of Navajo had to walk that led to Bosque Redondo, was very
violent and sad
What happened to The Bosque Redondo?
Life was miserable, and the experiment failed. Poor funding, fraud, crop failures, lack of
shelter, and bad weather contributed. Many of the 8,000 Navajos held there died from
disease and starvation. The goal of the experiment was to Americanize the Navajos.
What was the result of the Bosque Redondo?
The Navajos promised in a treaty to never raid again, and returned to their old ways of
raising livestock, creating crafts, and jewelry. The treaty of 1868 granted 3 million acres
to the Navajo as a reservation, the largest in the country.
Why was there so much violence in the 1860s?
Rapid population growth, ethnic diversity, easy availability of alcohol, prevailing gun
culture, and social instability in boomtowns.
How did New Mexico overcome the obstacles to statehood?
1. Ignorance- The Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railroad greatly helped connectivity
and cultural barriers between NM and the US
2. Loyalty- Gov. Miguel A. Otero's stance on the Spanish-American war and the Rough
Riders helped.
3. Political corruption- The issue was largely overcome after 1900 with the decline of the
,once-dominant Santa Fe Ring.
4. National politics- Was not an issue in the early 1900s.
5. Indian wars- Less of an obstacle following Geronimo's surrender in 1886.
Who "led" the NM constitutional convention?
Solomon Luna, rich and influential sheep rancher from Valencia County.
Why was the NM constitution so long?
To account for the diverse groups and minorities in the territory.
What did the NM constitution consist of?
Protecting Hispanic rights (to education and voting), and to prevent segregation. This
was done in the ironclad clauses, which would be difficult to change.
How did early silent films impact New Mexico?
Helped NM bring new business to the state, gave moviegoers across the country an
opportunity to see and appreciate New Mexico's beauty and economic potential, even
though the cultures in movies were not accurately portrayed.
What was homesteading?
Living on a tract of land for 5 years and paying a small fee. Many settlers in the early
1900s came to eastern NM this way. Was difficult because of little wood, little rain,
frequent dust storms, regular insect invasions, and distant neighbors and towns.
How did the US become involved in the Mexican Revolution?
When Pancho Villa's revolutionary army crossed the international border and attacked
the small border town of Columbus, NM, burning businesses and homes and killing
civilians. US soldiers then drove them back across the Mexican border. May have been
because:
, -US aided one of his revolutionary enemies
-Germany paid Villa to raid Columbus
-Revenge against a local merchant who cheated Villa
How was New Mexico's communication problems dealt with?
-Twice a month a publication called New Mexico War News was printed in both Spanish
and English
-More than 1100 posters illustrated how New Mexicans could contribute their time,
energy, and money to the war.
-Students staged patriotic school plays and theaters showed movies as propaganda.
-Four-Minute Men gave short speeches at public gathers, over 250 speakers total.
How many New Mexicans volunteered in the American armed forces during
WW1?
More than 15,000. including service in the army, navy, or marines. Volunteers in NM
included farmers, miners, railroad workers, doctors, and more. Most male students at
UNM and the entire Lobo football team enlisted by fall of 1917. New Mexico had one of
the highest volunteer rates in the US.
How did New Mexicans help in World War 1?
-New Mexicans bought almost $18 million worth of Liberty Bonds.
-Signing a pledge to serve "loyalty menus"
-Growing backyard "victory gardens"
-Growing more wheat and sheep
-Women helping out in conventional and unconventional ways
How was New Mexico's overzealous patriotism harmful?
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
What are the requirements for statehood?
Population of 60,000, write a state constitution, and be approved by a majority vote in
the US Congress.
Why was NM's statehood delayed?
1. Ignorance about the territory and unfair suspicion about its citizens. NM's largely
Hispanic and Native American population was considered too "foreign" in language,
culture, and religion. Also questioned loyalty.
2. Territorial politics- corruption over government and economy (Santa Fe Ring)
3. National politics- other issues had higher priority's for the country.
4. Native American wars were costly and long, gave the territory a bad image-
dominated by primitive population.
5. Territory image as the "Wild West-" lawless, irresponsible, and violent. Perpetuated
by Killy the Bid and other outlaws.
Where did the Revolt of 1847 end?
In Taos
What were the effects of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidaglo?
Established a new boundary between the US and Mexico, ceded half of Mexico's
territory to the US, allowed Mexican citizens to keep their citizenship.
Why did people lose their land from the Protocol of Queretaro?
Because they didn't have official evidence to prove their land ownership. The Santa Fe
Ring were Anglo lawyers who helped take Hispanic land.
,What are some Indian Wars?
When the Acoma rebelled against Spanish rule in 1598, the Rebellion of 1680, the US
defeating nomadic raiding tribes
What was the Navajo Long Walk?
500-mile path thousands of Navajo had to walk that led to Bosque Redondo, was very
violent and sad
What happened to The Bosque Redondo?
Life was miserable, and the experiment failed. Poor funding, fraud, crop failures, lack of
shelter, and bad weather contributed. Many of the 8,000 Navajos held there died from
disease and starvation. The goal of the experiment was to Americanize the Navajos.
What was the result of the Bosque Redondo?
The Navajos promised in a treaty to never raid again, and returned to their old ways of
raising livestock, creating crafts, and jewelry. The treaty of 1868 granted 3 million acres
to the Navajo as a reservation, the largest in the country.
Why was there so much violence in the 1860s?
Rapid population growth, ethnic diversity, easy availability of alcohol, prevailing gun
culture, and social instability in boomtowns.
How did New Mexico overcome the obstacles to statehood?
1. Ignorance- The Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railroad greatly helped connectivity
and cultural barriers between NM and the US
2. Loyalty- Gov. Miguel A. Otero's stance on the Spanish-American war and the Rough
Riders helped.
3. Political corruption- The issue was largely overcome after 1900 with the decline of the
,once-dominant Santa Fe Ring.
4. National politics- Was not an issue in the early 1900s.
5. Indian wars- Less of an obstacle following Geronimo's surrender in 1886.
Who "led" the NM constitutional convention?
Solomon Luna, rich and influential sheep rancher from Valencia County.
Why was the NM constitution so long?
To account for the diverse groups and minorities in the territory.
What did the NM constitution consist of?
Protecting Hispanic rights (to education and voting), and to prevent segregation. This
was done in the ironclad clauses, which would be difficult to change.
How did early silent films impact New Mexico?
Helped NM bring new business to the state, gave moviegoers across the country an
opportunity to see and appreciate New Mexico's beauty and economic potential, even
though the cultures in movies were not accurately portrayed.
What was homesteading?
Living on a tract of land for 5 years and paying a small fee. Many settlers in the early
1900s came to eastern NM this way. Was difficult because of little wood, little rain,
frequent dust storms, regular insect invasions, and distant neighbors and towns.
How did the US become involved in the Mexican Revolution?
When Pancho Villa's revolutionary army crossed the international border and attacked
the small border town of Columbus, NM, burning businesses and homes and killing
civilians. US soldiers then drove them back across the Mexican border. May have been
because:
, -US aided one of his revolutionary enemies
-Germany paid Villa to raid Columbus
-Revenge against a local merchant who cheated Villa
How was New Mexico's communication problems dealt with?
-Twice a month a publication called New Mexico War News was printed in both Spanish
and English
-More than 1100 posters illustrated how New Mexicans could contribute their time,
energy, and money to the war.
-Students staged patriotic school plays and theaters showed movies as propaganda.
-Four-Minute Men gave short speeches at public gathers, over 250 speakers total.
How many New Mexicans volunteered in the American armed forces during
WW1?
More than 15,000. including service in the army, navy, or marines. Volunteers in NM
included farmers, miners, railroad workers, doctors, and more. Most male students at
UNM and the entire Lobo football team enlisted by fall of 1917. New Mexico had one of
the highest volunteer rates in the US.
How did New Mexicans help in World War 1?
-New Mexicans bought almost $18 million worth of Liberty Bonds.
-Signing a pledge to serve "loyalty menus"
-Growing backyard "victory gardens"
-Growing more wheat and sheep
-Women helping out in conventional and unconventional ways
How was New Mexico's overzealous patriotism harmful?
