CMN 568 Final Latest Update 2024-2025 Actual
Exam from Credible Source with 400+ Questions
and 100% Verified Detailed Correct Answers
Guaranteed A+ Approved by Professor
3 Components of Asthma - CORRECT ANSWER: Bronchoconstriction
Airway inflammation (wall thickening + secretions)
REVERSIBLE airflow limitation
3 Steps in asthma Management - CORRECT ANSWER: 1. Evaluate asthma severity
2. Initiate treatment with stepwise approach
3. Assess control and adjust treatment as needed
ABCD assessment tool - CORRECT ANSWER: 1. Spirometry confirmed diagnosis =
FEV1/FVC <70
2. Airflow limitation = FEV1 predicted...
Gold 1 >80, Gold 2 50-80, Gold 3 30-50, Gold 4 <30
Exacerbation history 0-1/yr with no hospitalization = A & B
MRC 0-1 or CAT <10 = A
MRC >2 or CAT >10 = B
Exacerbation history >2 or >1 leading to hospital = C & D
MRC 0-1 or CAT <10 = C
MRC >2 or CAT >10 = D
ABD - imaging - CORRECT ANSWER: KUB - May detect some renal stones, look for
stool in colon, free air in perforation, dilated loops of bowel in obstruction
ABD ultrasound - look for gallstones, ovarian cysts or ectopic pregnancy,
hydronephrosis due to renal stone, high specificity for appendicitis but not as sensitive
as CT
,CT - most sensitive test for diagnosing acute ABD pain. Useful for appendicitis,
abscesses, AAA, diverticulitis, bowel obstruction, tumors, renal CT for renal stones.
ABD pain - Lab tests - CORRECT ANSWER: CBC w/ diff - look for infection and blood
loss
CMP - hydration status with BUN, Cr, electrolytes, check LFT's for hepatitis or biliary
disease
Amylase/Lipase - elevated in pancreatitis
UA - nitrates, leukocytes, RBS's, WBC's, may indicate UTI
Stool for occult blood - cancer, IBD, diverticulitis, PUD
Pregnancy test on alllllll childbearing age
ABD pain assessment - CORRECT ANSWER: Look: distension, surgical scars, visable
peristalsis, pulsations, engorged veins, skin tugor, hernias
Listen: bowel sounds, renal aortic bruits
Feel: palpate painful areas last, distract patient, assess size of spleen/liver, rigidity,
masses, pulsations, rebound tenderness
Percuss: ascites, CVA tenderness, hepatospleenomegaly
ABD pain special exams - CORRECT ANSWER: Rectal exam on most patients with abd
pain, check for stool in vault, guiac stool or occult blood
GYN exam on females of reproductive age, pregnancy, ovarian cysts, dysmenorrhea,
endometriosis, and PID all present with abdominal pain
Testicular exam on males: hernia, testicular torsion can have pain in lower abdomen
radiating to the groin
Abdominal pain - CORRECT ANSWER: One of most frequent complaints in primary
care
Most patients have minor non-surgical causes
Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusistis: Common pathogens - CORRECT ANSWER: Strep
pneumoniae
,H influenzae
M Catarrhalis
B hemolytic strep
Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusistis: Course - CORRECT ANSWER: Onset may be gradual
or sudden.
Lasts <30 days and symptoms resolve completely
Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusistis: diagnosis - CORRECT ANSWER: Should not be made
until symptoms last longer than 10 days without improvement or worsening of
symptoms within 10 days after initial improvement.
If patient presents with focal signs such as periorbital edema, severe sinus tenderness,
or severe headache - DO NOT wait 10 days to treat with antibioitics.
Routine sinus xrays are not recommended.
Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusistis: symptoms - CORRECT ANSWER: nasal congestion,
purulent nasal discharge, facial pain/pressure, cough, headache, fever
Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusistis: Treatment - CORRECT ANSWER: Pediatrics: Mild
symptoms first line Amoxicillin or Augmentin. Non type 1 PCN allergy = cephalosporin.
Poor response after 3 or more days second line ABX. Severe symptoms = Beta
lactamase stable abx.
Adults: Younger than 65, first line augmentin 500/125 or 800/125 x5-7d. (5-10). With
severe symptoms high dose augmentin 200/125 BID 7-10d.
Type I PCN allergy or hepatic imparment = doxycycline or clindamycin
Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusistis: Treatment cont. - CORRECT ANSWER: All patients
should receive pain/ fever control
Short term (<3d) nasal decongestants may help symptoms
OTC nasal decongestants and cough/cold preps- not recommended for children <4,
cautiously in older children, okay in adults for symptomatic relief.
Intranasal corticosteroid sprays
, Acute Cystitis - Definition - CORRECT ANSWER: Infection of the bladder commonly
due to coliform bacteria (e coli) and gram positive (enterococci)
Acute cystitis signs - CORRECT ANSWER: UA - pyuria, bacteriuria, hematuria
Acute cystitis symtoms - CORRECT ANSWER: irritative voiding
suprapubic discomfort
hematuria
Acute cystitis treatment - CORRECT ANSWER: Uncomplicated in women: cephalexin,
nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim-sulfamethaxazole
Restrictive use of fluoroquinolone
Refer if - radiographic abnormality evidence of urolithiasis or recurrent cystitis due to
bacterial persistence.
Acute Otitis Media (AOM) - CORRECT ANSWER: Acute infection of the middle ear
space with inflammation and effusion
Acute Postinfectious Glomerulonephritis - CORRECT ANSWER: May follow recent
group A B-hemolytic strep infection (pharyngitis or impetigo)
Acute pyelonephritis - definition - CORRECT ANSWER: Infectious inflammatory disease
of the kidney parenchyma and renal pelvis.
Gram negative bacterial most causative agents - e coli, proteus, klebsiella,
enterobacter, pseudomonas
Acute pyelonephritis - signs - CORRECT ANSWER: CBC- leukocytosis and a left shift
UA - pyuria, bacteriuria, hematuria
White cell casts
Renal ultrasound may show hydronephrosis
Exam from Credible Source with 400+ Questions
and 100% Verified Detailed Correct Answers
Guaranteed A+ Approved by Professor
3 Components of Asthma - CORRECT ANSWER: Bronchoconstriction
Airway inflammation (wall thickening + secretions)
REVERSIBLE airflow limitation
3 Steps in asthma Management - CORRECT ANSWER: 1. Evaluate asthma severity
2. Initiate treatment with stepwise approach
3. Assess control and adjust treatment as needed
ABCD assessment tool - CORRECT ANSWER: 1. Spirometry confirmed diagnosis =
FEV1/FVC <70
2. Airflow limitation = FEV1 predicted...
Gold 1 >80, Gold 2 50-80, Gold 3 30-50, Gold 4 <30
Exacerbation history 0-1/yr with no hospitalization = A & B
MRC 0-1 or CAT <10 = A
MRC >2 or CAT >10 = B
Exacerbation history >2 or >1 leading to hospital = C & D
MRC 0-1 or CAT <10 = C
MRC >2 or CAT >10 = D
ABD - imaging - CORRECT ANSWER: KUB - May detect some renal stones, look for
stool in colon, free air in perforation, dilated loops of bowel in obstruction
ABD ultrasound - look for gallstones, ovarian cysts or ectopic pregnancy,
hydronephrosis due to renal stone, high specificity for appendicitis but not as sensitive
as CT
,CT - most sensitive test for diagnosing acute ABD pain. Useful for appendicitis,
abscesses, AAA, diverticulitis, bowel obstruction, tumors, renal CT for renal stones.
ABD pain - Lab tests - CORRECT ANSWER: CBC w/ diff - look for infection and blood
loss
CMP - hydration status with BUN, Cr, electrolytes, check LFT's for hepatitis or biliary
disease
Amylase/Lipase - elevated in pancreatitis
UA - nitrates, leukocytes, RBS's, WBC's, may indicate UTI
Stool for occult blood - cancer, IBD, diverticulitis, PUD
Pregnancy test on alllllll childbearing age
ABD pain assessment - CORRECT ANSWER: Look: distension, surgical scars, visable
peristalsis, pulsations, engorged veins, skin tugor, hernias
Listen: bowel sounds, renal aortic bruits
Feel: palpate painful areas last, distract patient, assess size of spleen/liver, rigidity,
masses, pulsations, rebound tenderness
Percuss: ascites, CVA tenderness, hepatospleenomegaly
ABD pain special exams - CORRECT ANSWER: Rectal exam on most patients with abd
pain, check for stool in vault, guiac stool or occult blood
GYN exam on females of reproductive age, pregnancy, ovarian cysts, dysmenorrhea,
endometriosis, and PID all present with abdominal pain
Testicular exam on males: hernia, testicular torsion can have pain in lower abdomen
radiating to the groin
Abdominal pain - CORRECT ANSWER: One of most frequent complaints in primary
care
Most patients have minor non-surgical causes
Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusistis: Common pathogens - CORRECT ANSWER: Strep
pneumoniae
,H influenzae
M Catarrhalis
B hemolytic strep
Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusistis: Course - CORRECT ANSWER: Onset may be gradual
or sudden.
Lasts <30 days and symptoms resolve completely
Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusistis: diagnosis - CORRECT ANSWER: Should not be made
until symptoms last longer than 10 days without improvement or worsening of
symptoms within 10 days after initial improvement.
If patient presents with focal signs such as periorbital edema, severe sinus tenderness,
or severe headache - DO NOT wait 10 days to treat with antibioitics.
Routine sinus xrays are not recommended.
Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusistis: symptoms - CORRECT ANSWER: nasal congestion,
purulent nasal discharge, facial pain/pressure, cough, headache, fever
Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusistis: Treatment - CORRECT ANSWER: Pediatrics: Mild
symptoms first line Amoxicillin or Augmentin. Non type 1 PCN allergy = cephalosporin.
Poor response after 3 or more days second line ABX. Severe symptoms = Beta
lactamase stable abx.
Adults: Younger than 65, first line augmentin 500/125 or 800/125 x5-7d. (5-10). With
severe symptoms high dose augmentin 200/125 BID 7-10d.
Type I PCN allergy or hepatic imparment = doxycycline or clindamycin
Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusistis: Treatment cont. - CORRECT ANSWER: All patients
should receive pain/ fever control
Short term (<3d) nasal decongestants may help symptoms
OTC nasal decongestants and cough/cold preps- not recommended for children <4,
cautiously in older children, okay in adults for symptomatic relief.
Intranasal corticosteroid sprays
, Acute Cystitis - Definition - CORRECT ANSWER: Infection of the bladder commonly
due to coliform bacteria (e coli) and gram positive (enterococci)
Acute cystitis signs - CORRECT ANSWER: UA - pyuria, bacteriuria, hematuria
Acute cystitis symtoms - CORRECT ANSWER: irritative voiding
suprapubic discomfort
hematuria
Acute cystitis treatment - CORRECT ANSWER: Uncomplicated in women: cephalexin,
nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim-sulfamethaxazole
Restrictive use of fluoroquinolone
Refer if - radiographic abnormality evidence of urolithiasis or recurrent cystitis due to
bacterial persistence.
Acute Otitis Media (AOM) - CORRECT ANSWER: Acute infection of the middle ear
space with inflammation and effusion
Acute Postinfectious Glomerulonephritis - CORRECT ANSWER: May follow recent
group A B-hemolytic strep infection (pharyngitis or impetigo)
Acute pyelonephritis - definition - CORRECT ANSWER: Infectious inflammatory disease
of the kidney parenchyma and renal pelvis.
Gram negative bacterial most causative agents - e coli, proteus, klebsiella,
enterobacter, pseudomonas
Acute pyelonephritis - signs - CORRECT ANSWER: CBC- leukocytosis and a left shift
UA - pyuria, bacteriuria, hematuria
White cell casts
Renal ultrasound may show hydronephrosis
