BSN 315 HESI REVIEW: WEEKS 1-4 OVERVIEW EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Bulk-forming laxative
Medication that retains fluid in the stool, increasing its weight or bulk
Priority nursing intervention for a client receiving antiemetic
Keeping the bed in a low position with side rails up to prevent injury
Osmotic laxative
Medications that attract water into the large intestines to produce bulk and stimulate
peristalsis
Drug indicated to prevent nausea in chemotherapy patients
Metoclopramide, approved by the FDA to treat nausea and vomiting in patients with
gastroesophageal reflux disease or diabetic gastroparesis
Drug that reduces the effectiveness of sucralfate
Ranitidine, by decreasing the acid content of gastric secretion
Extrapyramidal symptoms
Side effect of metoclopramide, including tardive dyskinesia and general choreoathetoid
movements
Ranitidine
Caution needed in elderly; long-term use may cause B12 deficiency
Omeprazole
Short-term treatment for peptic ulcer disease; proton pump inhibitor
Famotidine
Decreases stomach acid production; competitive H2RA
, Cimetidine
First H2 antagonist with most drug interactions; may cause gynecomastia
Antidote for Ranitidine overdose
Currently unavailable; supportive treatment based on symptoms
Histamine-2 antagonists
Block H2 receptors on parietal cells; reduce gastric acid secretion
Antacids
Neutralize stomach acid; heal ulcers and prevent mucosal damage
Gastric stimulants
Increase motility of gastrointestinal smooth muscle
Hyperosmotic agents
Draw water into intestinal lumen to treat constipation
Bulk-forming agents
Increase stool bulk and water content; ease passage
Emollients
Substances that soften and moisturize the skin, decrease itching and flaking.
Lactulose
Used in preventing and treating clinical portal-systemic encephalopathy; a non-
absorbable synthetic disaccharide.
Milk of Magnesia
A saline laxative used for occasional constipation and to treat symptoms caused by
excess stomach acid.
Saline laxatives with magnesium
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Bulk-forming laxative
Medication that retains fluid in the stool, increasing its weight or bulk
Priority nursing intervention for a client receiving antiemetic
Keeping the bed in a low position with side rails up to prevent injury
Osmotic laxative
Medications that attract water into the large intestines to produce bulk and stimulate
peristalsis
Drug indicated to prevent nausea in chemotherapy patients
Metoclopramide, approved by the FDA to treat nausea and vomiting in patients with
gastroesophageal reflux disease or diabetic gastroparesis
Drug that reduces the effectiveness of sucralfate
Ranitidine, by decreasing the acid content of gastric secretion
Extrapyramidal symptoms
Side effect of metoclopramide, including tardive dyskinesia and general choreoathetoid
movements
Ranitidine
Caution needed in elderly; long-term use may cause B12 deficiency
Omeprazole
Short-term treatment for peptic ulcer disease; proton pump inhibitor
Famotidine
Decreases stomach acid production; competitive H2RA
, Cimetidine
First H2 antagonist with most drug interactions; may cause gynecomastia
Antidote for Ranitidine overdose
Currently unavailable; supportive treatment based on symptoms
Histamine-2 antagonists
Block H2 receptors on parietal cells; reduce gastric acid secretion
Antacids
Neutralize stomach acid; heal ulcers and prevent mucosal damage
Gastric stimulants
Increase motility of gastrointestinal smooth muscle
Hyperosmotic agents
Draw water into intestinal lumen to treat constipation
Bulk-forming agents
Increase stool bulk and water content; ease passage
Emollients
Substances that soften and moisturize the skin, decrease itching and flaking.
Lactulose
Used in preventing and treating clinical portal-systemic encephalopathy; a non-
absorbable synthetic disaccharide.
Milk of Magnesia
A saline laxative used for occasional constipation and to treat symptoms caused by
excess stomach acid.
Saline laxatives with magnesium
