Test Bank for McCance &
z z z z z
Huether’s Pathophysiolog z
y: The Biologic Basis for Dis
z z z z z
ease in Adultsand Children
z z z z z
9th Edition by Julia Rogers
z z z z
,PATHO PHYSIOLO
z
GY9TH z
EDITION MCCA z
NCE TESTBAN
z z
K
LATEST REVISED
z
,Chapter 1: Cellular Biology
z z z
MULTIPLEzCHOICE
1. WhichzcomponentzofzthezcellzprodNuUceRsSIhNyGdTroBg.CeO
nzM
peroxidez(H 2O2)zbyzusingzoxygenztozr
emovezhydrogenzatomszfromzspecificzsubstrateszinzanzoxidativezreaction?
a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes
b. Peroxisomes d.z Oxyhydrosomes
ANS:zB
Peroxisomeszarezsoznamedzbecauseztheyzusuallyzcontainzenzymeszthatzusezoxygenztozremovez
hydrogenzatomszfromzspecificzsubstrateszinzanzoxidativezreactionzthatzproduceszH2O2,zwhichz
iszazpowerfulzoxidantzandzpotentiallyzdestructivezifzitzaccumulateszorzescapeszfromzperoxiso
mes.zRibosomeszarezRNA-
proteinzcomplexesz(nucleoproteins)zthatzarezsynthesizedzinztheznucleoluszandzsecretedzintozth
ezcytoplasmzthroughzporeszinztheznuclearzenvelopezcalledznuclearzporezcomplexes.zLysosom
eszarezsaclikezstructureszthatzoriginatezfromzthezGolgizcomplexzandzcontainzmorezthanz40zdig
estivezenzymeszcalledzhydrolases,zwhichzcatalyzezbondszinzproteins,zlipids,znucleiczacids,zan
dzcarbohydrates.zOxyhydrosomeszarezinvolvedzinzenzymezproduction.
PTS:zzz 1 REF:zPagez8
2. Whichzstatementzbestzdescribeszthezcellularzfunctionzofzmetaboliczabsorption?
a. Cellszcanzproducezproteins. c. Cellszcanztakezinzandzuseznutrients.
b. Cellszcanzsecretezdigestivezenzymes. d.z Cellszcanzsynthesizezfats.
ANS:zC
Inzmetaboliczabsorption,zallzcellsztakezinzandzuseznutrientszandzotherzsubstanceszfromztheirzsu
rroundings.zThezremainingzoptionszareznotzinclusivezinztheirzdescriptionszofzcellularzmetabo
liczabsorption.
PTS:zzz 1 REF:zPagez2
3. Mostzofzazcell’szgeneticzinformation,zincludingzRNAzandzDNA,ziszcontainedzinzthe:
a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus
b. Ribosome d.zzz Lysosome
ANS:zC
Theznucleuszcontainsztheznucleolus,zazsmallzdensezstructurezcomposedzlargelyzofzRNA,zmo
stzofzthezcellularzDNA,zandzthezDNA-
bindingzproteins,zsuchzaszthezhistones,zwhichzregulatezitszactivity.zThezotherzoptionszdoznotzc
ontainzmostzofzazcell’szgeneticzinformation.
PTS:zzz 1 REF:zPagez2
4. Whichzcellzcomponentziszcapablezofzcellularzautodigestionzwhenzitziszreleasedzduringzcellzin
jury?
a. Ribosome c. Smoothzendoplasmiczreticulum
b. Golgizcomplex
d.zLysosomeszANS:zD
, Thezlysosomalzmembranezactszaszazprotectivezshieldzbetweenzthezpowerfulzdigestivezenzyme
szwithinzthezlysosomezandzthezcytoplasm,zpreventingztheirzleakagezintozthezcytoplasmiczmatri
x.zDisruptionzofzthezmembranezbyzvariousztreatmentszorzcellularzinjuryzleadsztozazreleasezofzth
ezlysosomalzenzymes,zwhichzcanzthenzreactzwithztheirzspecificzsubstrates,zcausingzcellularzsel
f-digestion.zThezotherzoptionszdoznotzcorrectlyzdescribezthiszprocess.
PTS:zzz 1 REF:zPagesz7-8
5. Whatziszthezsequencezofzstepszinzthezdevelopmentzofzazdigestivezenzymezbyzthezpancreaszce
llszfromzthezinitialztranscriptionztozthezreleasezfromzthezcell?
a. ThezenzymezisztranscribedzfromzDNAzbyzRNAzinztheznucleus,zproceedsztozthezri
bosomezforzsynthesis,zandzisztransportedzinzazsecretoryzvesicleztozthezcellzmemb
rane.
b. ThezenzymezisztranscribedzfromzRNAzbyzDNAzinztheznucleus,zproceedsztozthezlysos
omezforzsynthesis,zandzisztransportedzinzanzencapsulatedzmembraneztozthezcellzmembr
ane.
c. Thezenzymezisztranscribedzbyzthezmitochondriazinztheznucleus,zproceedsztozthezribo
somezforzsynthesis,zandzisztransportedzinzazcytoskeletonztozthezcellzmembrane.
d. ThezenzymezisztranscribedzfromzDNAzbyzRNAzinztheznucleus,zproceedsztozthezGolg
izcomplexzforzsynthesis,zandzisztransportedzinzazcytosolztozthezcellzmembrane.
ANS:zA
ThezenzymezisztranscribedzfromzDNAzbyzRNAzinztheznucleus,zproceedsztozthezribosomezfo
rzsynthesis,zandzisztransportedzinzazsecretoryzvesicleztozthezcellzmembrane.zThezotherzoptio
nszdoznotzcorrectlyzdescribezthiszprocess.
NURSINGTB.COM
PTS:zzz 1 REF:zPagez7z|zFigurez1-5
6. DuringzwhichzphasezofzthezcellzcycleziszDNAzsynthesized?
a. G1 c. G2
b. S d.z M
ANS:zB
Thezfourzdesignatedzphaseszofzthezcellzcyclezare:z(1)zthezG1zphasez(Gz=zgap),zwhichziszthezperi
odzbetweenzthezMzphasez(Mz=zmitosis)zandzthezstartzofzDNAzsynthesis;z(2)zthezSzphase(z Sz=zsy
nthesis),zduringzwhichzDNAziszsynthesizedzinzthezcellznucleus;z(3)zthezG2zphase,zduringzwhic
hzRNAzandzproteinzsynthesiszoccurs,zthezperiodzbetweenzthezcompletionzofzDNAzsynthesisza
ndztheznextzphasez(M);zandz(4)zthezMzphase,zwhichzincludesznuclearzandzcytoplasmiczdivision
.
PTS:zzz 1 REF:zPagez37
7. Whatzorganiczcompoundzfacilitatesztransportationzacrosszcellzmembraneszbyzactingzaszr
eceptors,ztransportzchannelszforzelectrolytes,zandzenzymesztozdrivezactivezpumps?
a. Lipids c. Proteins
b. Proteases d.z Carbohydrates
ANS:zC
z z z z z
Huether’s Pathophysiolog z
y: The Biologic Basis for Dis
z z z z z
ease in Adultsand Children
z z z z z
9th Edition by Julia Rogers
z z z z
,PATHO PHYSIOLO
z
GY9TH z
EDITION MCCA z
NCE TESTBAN
z z
K
LATEST REVISED
z
,Chapter 1: Cellular Biology
z z z
MULTIPLEzCHOICE
1. WhichzcomponentzofzthezcellzprodNuUceRsSIhNyGdTroBg.CeO
nzM
peroxidez(H 2O2)zbyzusingzoxygenztozr
emovezhydrogenzatomszfromzspecificzsubstrateszinzanzoxidativezreaction?
a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes
b. Peroxisomes d.z Oxyhydrosomes
ANS:zB
Peroxisomeszarezsoznamedzbecauseztheyzusuallyzcontainzenzymeszthatzusezoxygenztozremovez
hydrogenzatomszfromzspecificzsubstrateszinzanzoxidativezreactionzthatzproduceszH2O2,zwhichz
iszazpowerfulzoxidantzandzpotentiallyzdestructivezifzitzaccumulateszorzescapeszfromzperoxiso
mes.zRibosomeszarezRNA-
proteinzcomplexesz(nucleoproteins)zthatzarezsynthesizedzinztheznucleoluszandzsecretedzintozth
ezcytoplasmzthroughzporeszinztheznuclearzenvelopezcalledznuclearzporezcomplexes.zLysosom
eszarezsaclikezstructureszthatzoriginatezfromzthezGolgizcomplexzandzcontainzmorezthanz40zdig
estivezenzymeszcalledzhydrolases,zwhichzcatalyzezbondszinzproteins,zlipids,znucleiczacids,zan
dzcarbohydrates.zOxyhydrosomeszarezinvolvedzinzenzymezproduction.
PTS:zzz 1 REF:zPagez8
2. Whichzstatementzbestzdescribeszthezcellularzfunctionzofzmetaboliczabsorption?
a. Cellszcanzproducezproteins. c. Cellszcanztakezinzandzuseznutrients.
b. Cellszcanzsecretezdigestivezenzymes. d.z Cellszcanzsynthesizezfats.
ANS:zC
Inzmetaboliczabsorption,zallzcellsztakezinzandzuseznutrientszandzotherzsubstanceszfromztheirzsu
rroundings.zThezremainingzoptionszareznotzinclusivezinztheirzdescriptionszofzcellularzmetabo
liczabsorption.
PTS:zzz 1 REF:zPagez2
3. Mostzofzazcell’szgeneticzinformation,zincludingzRNAzandzDNA,ziszcontainedzinzthe:
a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus
b. Ribosome d.zzz Lysosome
ANS:zC
Theznucleuszcontainsztheznucleolus,zazsmallzdensezstructurezcomposedzlargelyzofzRNA,zmo
stzofzthezcellularzDNA,zandzthezDNA-
bindingzproteins,zsuchzaszthezhistones,zwhichzregulatezitszactivity.zThezotherzoptionszdoznotzc
ontainzmostzofzazcell’szgeneticzinformation.
PTS:zzz 1 REF:zPagez2
4. Whichzcellzcomponentziszcapablezofzcellularzautodigestionzwhenzitziszreleasedzduringzcellzin
jury?
a. Ribosome c. Smoothzendoplasmiczreticulum
b. Golgizcomplex
d.zLysosomeszANS:zD
, Thezlysosomalzmembranezactszaszazprotectivezshieldzbetweenzthezpowerfulzdigestivezenzyme
szwithinzthezlysosomezandzthezcytoplasm,zpreventingztheirzleakagezintozthezcytoplasmiczmatri
x.zDisruptionzofzthezmembranezbyzvariousztreatmentszorzcellularzinjuryzleadsztozazreleasezofzth
ezlysosomalzenzymes,zwhichzcanzthenzreactzwithztheirzspecificzsubstrates,zcausingzcellularzsel
f-digestion.zThezotherzoptionszdoznotzcorrectlyzdescribezthiszprocess.
PTS:zzz 1 REF:zPagesz7-8
5. Whatziszthezsequencezofzstepszinzthezdevelopmentzofzazdigestivezenzymezbyzthezpancreaszce
llszfromzthezinitialztranscriptionztozthezreleasezfromzthezcell?
a. ThezenzymezisztranscribedzfromzDNAzbyzRNAzinztheznucleus,zproceedsztozthezri
bosomezforzsynthesis,zandzisztransportedzinzazsecretoryzvesicleztozthezcellzmemb
rane.
b. ThezenzymezisztranscribedzfromzRNAzbyzDNAzinztheznucleus,zproceedsztozthezlysos
omezforzsynthesis,zandzisztransportedzinzanzencapsulatedzmembraneztozthezcellzmembr
ane.
c. Thezenzymezisztranscribedzbyzthezmitochondriazinztheznucleus,zproceedsztozthezribo
somezforzsynthesis,zandzisztransportedzinzazcytoskeletonztozthezcellzmembrane.
d. ThezenzymezisztranscribedzfromzDNAzbyzRNAzinztheznucleus,zproceedsztozthezGolg
izcomplexzforzsynthesis,zandzisztransportedzinzazcytosolztozthezcellzmembrane.
ANS:zA
ThezenzymezisztranscribedzfromzDNAzbyzRNAzinztheznucleus,zproceedsztozthezribosomezfo
rzsynthesis,zandzisztransportedzinzazsecretoryzvesicleztozthezcellzmembrane.zThezotherzoptio
nszdoznotzcorrectlyzdescribezthiszprocess.
NURSINGTB.COM
PTS:zzz 1 REF:zPagez7z|zFigurez1-5
6. DuringzwhichzphasezofzthezcellzcycleziszDNAzsynthesized?
a. G1 c. G2
b. S d.z M
ANS:zB
Thezfourzdesignatedzphaseszofzthezcellzcyclezare:z(1)zthezG1zphasez(Gz=zgap),zwhichziszthezperi
odzbetweenzthezMzphasez(Mz=zmitosis)zandzthezstartzofzDNAzsynthesis;z(2)zthezSzphase(z Sz=zsy
nthesis),zduringzwhichzDNAziszsynthesizedzinzthezcellznucleus;z(3)zthezG2zphase,zduringzwhic
hzRNAzandzproteinzsynthesiszoccurs,zthezperiodzbetweenzthezcompletionzofzDNAzsynthesisza
ndztheznextzphasez(M);zandz(4)zthezMzphase,zwhichzincludesznuclearzandzcytoplasmiczdivision
.
PTS:zzz 1 REF:zPagez37
7. Whatzorganiczcompoundzfacilitatesztransportationzacrosszcellzmembraneszbyzactingzaszr
eceptors,ztransportzchannelszforzelectrolytes,zandzenzymesztozdrivezactivezpumps?
a. Lipids c. Proteins
b. Proteases d.z Carbohydrates
ANS:zC
