n
lOMoARcPSD| 126 567
n 13
TEST BANK FOR ADVANCED HEALTH ASSE
n n n n n
SSMENT & CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS IN PRIMA
n n n n n
RYCARE 6TH EDITIONDAINS ISBN: 9780323
n n n n n
594554
This Test Bank is Directly from The PublisherH
n n n n n n n n
as All Chapters With 100% Correct AnswersIN
n n n n n n n
STANT DOWNLOAD n
, n
lOMoARcPSD| 126 567
n 13
Test Bank for Advanced Health Assessment & Cl
n n n n n n n
inical Diagnosis in Primary C n n n n
are6th Edition Dains n n n
Chapter 1: Clinical Reasoning, Differential Diagnosis, Evidence-
n n n n n n
Based Practice, and Symptom AnalysisMultiple Choice
n n n n n n
Identifynthenchoicenthatnbestncompletesnthenstatementnornanswersnthenquestion.
n 1. Whichntypenofnclinicalndecision-makingnisnmostnreliable?
A. Intuitive
B. Analytical
C. Experiential
D. Augenblick
n 2. Whichnofnthenfollowingnisnfalse?nTonobtainnadequatenhistory,nhealth-carenprovidersnmustnbe:
A. Methodicalnandnsystematic
B. Attentiventonthenpatient’snverbalnandnnonverbalnlanguage
C. Ablentonaccuratelyninterpretnthenpatient’snresponses
D. Adeptn atnreadingnintonthenpatient’snstatements
n 3. Essentialnpartsnofnanhealthnhistorynincludenalln ofnthenfollowingnexcept:
A. Chiefncomplaint
B. Historynofnthenpresentnillness
C. Currentnvitalnsigns
D. Allnofnthenabovenarenessentialnhistoryncomponents
n 4. Whichnofnthenfollowingnisn false?nWhilenperformingnthenphysicaln examination,nthenexaminern mustnbenablento:
A. Differentiatenbetweennnormalnandnabnormalnfindings
B. Recallnknowledgenofnanrangenofnconditionsnandntheirnassociatednsignsnandnsymptoms
C. Recognizenhowncertainnconditionsnaffectn thenresponsentonothernconditions
D. Foreseenunpredictablenfindings
n 5. Thenfollowingnisnthenleastnreliablensourcenofninformationnforn diagnosticnstatistics:
A. Evidence-basedninvestigations
B. Primarynreportsn ofnresearch
C. Estimationnbasednonnanprovider’snexperience
D. Publishednmeta-analyses
n 6. Thenfollowingncannbenusedntonassistninnsoundnclinicalndecision-making:
A. Algorithmnpublishedninnanpeer-reviewednjournalnarticle
B. Clinicalnpracticenguidelines
C. Evidence-basednresearch
D. Allnofnthenabove
n 7. Ifnandiagnosticnstudynhasnhighnsensitivity,n thisnindicatesna:
A. Highnpercentagenofnpersonsnwithnthengivennconditionnwillnhavenannabnormalnresult
B. Lownpercentagenofnpersonsnwithnthengivennconditionnwillnhavenannabnormalnresult
C. Lownlikelihoodnofnnormalnresultninnpersonsnwithoutnangivenncondition
D. Nonenofnthenabove
n 8. Ifnandiagnosticnstudynhasnhighnspecificity,n thisnindicatesna:
A. Lownpercentagenofnhealthynindividualsnwillnshownannormalnresult
B. Highnpercentagen ofnhealthynindividualsnwillnshownannormalnresult
C. Highnpercentagenofnindividualsnwithnandisordernwillnshownannormalnresult
D. Lownpercentagenofnindividualsnwithnandisordernwillnshownannabnormalnresult
n 9. Anlikelihoodn rationaboven1nindicatesnthatnandiagnosticntestnshowingna:
A. Positivenresultnisnstronglynassociatednwithnthendisease
B. Negativenresultnisnstronglynassociatednwithnabsencen ofnthendisease
C. Positivenresultnisnweaklynassociatednwithnthendisease
D. Negativenresultnisn weaklynassociatedn withnabsencenofnthendisease
n 10. Whichnofnthenfollowingnclinicalnreasoningntoolsnisndefinednasnevidence-basednresourcenbasednonnmathematicaln modeling
tonexpressnthenlikelihoodnofnanconditionninnselectnsituations,nsettings,nand/ornpatients?
, n
lOMoARcPSD| 126 567
n 13
A. Clinicalnpracticenguideline
B. Clinicalndecisionnrule
C. Clinicalnalgorithm
Chaptern1:nClinicalnreasoning,ndifferentialndiagnosis,nevidence-basednpractice,nandnsymptomnana
AnswernSection
MULTIPLEnCHOICE
1. ANS: B
Croskerryn(2009)ndescribesntwonmajorntypesnofnclinicalndiagnosticndecision-making:nintuitivenandnanalytical.nIntuitivendecision-
nmakingn(similarntonAugenblinkndecision-
making)nisnbasednonnthenexperiencenandnintuitionnofnthencliniciannandnisnlessnreliablenandnpairednwithnfairlyncommonnerrors.nInnc
ontrast,nanalyticalndecision-makingnisnbasednonncarefulnconsiderationnandnhasngreaternreliabilitynwithnrarenerrors.
PTS: 1
2. ANS: D
Tonobtainnadequatenhistory,nprovidersnmustnbenwellnorganized,nattentiventonthenpatient’snverbalnandnnonverbalnlanguage,nandnablen
tonaccuratelyninterpretnthenpatient’snresponsesntonquestions.nRathernthannreadingnintonthenpatient’snstatements,ntheynclarifynanynar
easnofnuncertainty.
PTS: 1
3. ANS: C
Vitalnsignsnarenpartnofnthenphysicalnexaminationnportionnofnpatientnassessment,nnotnpartnofnthenhealthnhistory.
PTS: 1
4. ANS: D
Whilenperformingnthenphysicalnexamination,nthenexaminernmustnbenablentondifferentiatenbetweennnormalnandnabnormalnfindings,nr
ecallnknowledgenofnanrangenofnconditions,nincludingntheirnassociatednsignsnandnsymptoms,nrecognizenhowncertainnconditionsnaffec
tnthenresponsentonothern conditions,nandndistinguishnthenrelevancen ofnvariednabnormaln findings.
PTS: 1
5. ANS: C
Sourcesnforndiagnosticnstatisticsnincludentextbooks,nprimarynreportsnofnresearch,nandnpublishednmeta-
analyses.nAnothernsourcenofnstatistics,nthenonenthatnhasnbeennmostnwidelynusednandnavailablen fornapplicationn tonthenreasoningnproc
ess,nisnthenestimationnbasednonnanprovider’snexperience,nalthoughnthesenarenrarelynaccurate.nOvernthenpastndecade,nthenavailability
nofnevidencenonnwhichntonbasenclinicalnreasoningnisnimproving,n andntherenisnannincreasingnexpectationnthatnclinicalnreasoningnbenb
asednonnscientificnevidence.
Evidence-basednstatisticsnarenalsonincreasinglynbeingnusedntondevelopnresourcesntonfacilitatenclinicalndecision-making.
PTS: 1
6. ANS: D
Tonassistninnclinicalndecision-making,nannumbernofnevidence-
basednresourcesnhavenbeenndevelopedntonassistnthenclinician.nResources,nsuchnasnalgorithmsnandnclinicalnpracticenguidelines,nassis
tninnclinicalnreasoningnwhennproperlynapplied.
PTS: 1
7. ANS: A
Thensensitivitynofnandiagnosticnstudynisnthenpercentagenofnindividualsnwithnthentargetnconditionnwhonshownannabnormal,nornpositiv
e,nresult.nAnhighnsensitivitynindicatesnthatnangreaternpercentagenofnpersonsn withnthengivennconditionnwillnhavenannabnormalnresult.
PTS: 1
8. ANS: B
Thenspecificitynofnandiagnosticnstudynisnthenpercentagenofnnormal,nhealthynindividualsnwhonhavenannormalnresult.nThengreaternt
henspecificity,nthengreaternthenpercentagenofnindividualsnwhonwillnhavennegative,nornnormal,nresultsnifntheyndonnotnhaventhentarg
etncondition.
PTS: 1
9. ANS: A
Thenlikelihoodnrationisnthenprobabilitynthatnanpositiventestnresultnwillnbenassociatednwithnanpersonnwhonhasnthentargetnconditionnand
nannegativenresultnwillnbenassociatednwithnanhealthynperson.nAnlikelihoodnrationaboven1nindicatesnthatnanpositivenresultnisnassociated
nwithnthendisease;nanlikelihoodn rationlessnthann1nindicatesnthatnannegativen resultnisnassociatednwithnannabsencenofnthendisease.
, n
lOMoARcPSD| 126 567
n 13
PTS: 1
10. ANS: B
Clinicalndecisionn(ornprediction)nrulesnprovidenanothernsupportnfornclinicalnreasoning.nClinicalndecisionnrulesnarenevidence-
basednresourcesnthatnprovidenprobabilisticnstatementsnregardingnthenlikelihoodnthatnanconditionnexistsnifncertainnvariablesnarenme
tnwithnregardntonthenprognosisnofnpatientsnwithnspecificnfindings.nDecisionnrulesnusenmathematicalnmodelsnandnarenspecificntonc
ertainnsituations,nsettings,nand/ornpatientncharacteristics.
PTS: 1
lOMoARcPSD| 126 567
n 13
TEST BANK FOR ADVANCED HEALTH ASSE
n n n n n
SSMENT & CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS IN PRIMA
n n n n n
RYCARE 6TH EDITIONDAINS ISBN: 9780323
n n n n n
594554
This Test Bank is Directly from The PublisherH
n n n n n n n n
as All Chapters With 100% Correct AnswersIN
n n n n n n n
STANT DOWNLOAD n
, n
lOMoARcPSD| 126 567
n 13
Test Bank for Advanced Health Assessment & Cl
n n n n n n n
inical Diagnosis in Primary C n n n n
are6th Edition Dains n n n
Chapter 1: Clinical Reasoning, Differential Diagnosis, Evidence-
n n n n n n
Based Practice, and Symptom AnalysisMultiple Choice
n n n n n n
Identifynthenchoicenthatnbestncompletesnthenstatementnornanswersnthenquestion.
n 1. Whichntypenofnclinicalndecision-makingnisnmostnreliable?
A. Intuitive
B. Analytical
C. Experiential
D. Augenblick
n 2. Whichnofnthenfollowingnisnfalse?nTonobtainnadequatenhistory,nhealth-carenprovidersnmustnbe:
A. Methodicalnandnsystematic
B. Attentiventonthenpatient’snverbalnandnnonverbalnlanguage
C. Ablentonaccuratelyninterpretnthenpatient’snresponses
D. Adeptn atnreadingnintonthenpatient’snstatements
n 3. Essentialnpartsnofnanhealthnhistorynincludenalln ofnthenfollowingnexcept:
A. Chiefncomplaint
B. Historynofnthenpresentnillness
C. Currentnvitalnsigns
D. Allnofnthenabovenarenessentialnhistoryncomponents
n 4. Whichnofnthenfollowingnisn false?nWhilenperformingnthenphysicaln examination,nthenexaminern mustnbenablento:
A. Differentiatenbetweennnormalnandnabnormalnfindings
B. Recallnknowledgenofnanrangenofnconditionsnandntheirnassociatednsignsnandnsymptoms
C. Recognizenhowncertainnconditionsnaffectn thenresponsentonothernconditions
D. Foreseenunpredictablenfindings
n 5. Thenfollowingnisnthenleastnreliablensourcenofninformationnforn diagnosticnstatistics:
A. Evidence-basedninvestigations
B. Primarynreportsn ofnresearch
C. Estimationnbasednonnanprovider’snexperience
D. Publishednmeta-analyses
n 6. Thenfollowingncannbenusedntonassistninnsoundnclinicalndecision-making:
A. Algorithmnpublishedninnanpeer-reviewednjournalnarticle
B. Clinicalnpracticenguidelines
C. Evidence-basednresearch
D. Allnofnthenabove
n 7. Ifnandiagnosticnstudynhasnhighnsensitivity,n thisnindicatesna:
A. Highnpercentagenofnpersonsnwithnthengivennconditionnwillnhavenannabnormalnresult
B. Lownpercentagenofnpersonsnwithnthengivennconditionnwillnhavenannabnormalnresult
C. Lownlikelihoodnofnnormalnresultninnpersonsnwithoutnangivenncondition
D. Nonenofnthenabove
n 8. Ifnandiagnosticnstudynhasnhighnspecificity,n thisnindicatesna:
A. Lownpercentagenofnhealthynindividualsnwillnshownannormalnresult
B. Highnpercentagen ofnhealthynindividualsnwillnshownannormalnresult
C. Highnpercentagenofnindividualsnwithnandisordernwillnshownannormalnresult
D. Lownpercentagenofnindividualsnwithnandisordernwillnshownannabnormalnresult
n 9. Anlikelihoodn rationaboven1nindicatesnthatnandiagnosticntestnshowingna:
A. Positivenresultnisnstronglynassociatednwithnthendisease
B. Negativenresultnisnstronglynassociatednwithnabsencen ofnthendisease
C. Positivenresultnisnweaklynassociatednwithnthendisease
D. Negativenresultnisn weaklynassociatedn withnabsencenofnthendisease
n 10. Whichnofnthenfollowingnclinicalnreasoningntoolsnisndefinednasnevidence-basednresourcenbasednonnmathematicaln modeling
tonexpressnthenlikelihoodnofnanconditionninnselectnsituations,nsettings,nand/ornpatients?
, n
lOMoARcPSD| 126 567
n 13
A. Clinicalnpracticenguideline
B. Clinicalndecisionnrule
C. Clinicalnalgorithm
Chaptern1:nClinicalnreasoning,ndifferentialndiagnosis,nevidence-basednpractice,nandnsymptomnana
AnswernSection
MULTIPLEnCHOICE
1. ANS: B
Croskerryn(2009)ndescribesntwonmajorntypesnofnclinicalndiagnosticndecision-making:nintuitivenandnanalytical.nIntuitivendecision-
nmakingn(similarntonAugenblinkndecision-
making)nisnbasednonnthenexperiencenandnintuitionnofnthencliniciannandnisnlessnreliablenandnpairednwithnfairlyncommonnerrors.nInnc
ontrast,nanalyticalndecision-makingnisnbasednonncarefulnconsiderationnandnhasngreaternreliabilitynwithnrarenerrors.
PTS: 1
2. ANS: D
Tonobtainnadequatenhistory,nprovidersnmustnbenwellnorganized,nattentiventonthenpatient’snverbalnandnnonverbalnlanguage,nandnablen
tonaccuratelyninterpretnthenpatient’snresponsesntonquestions.nRathernthannreadingnintonthenpatient’snstatements,ntheynclarifynanynar
easnofnuncertainty.
PTS: 1
3. ANS: C
Vitalnsignsnarenpartnofnthenphysicalnexaminationnportionnofnpatientnassessment,nnotnpartnofnthenhealthnhistory.
PTS: 1
4. ANS: D
Whilenperformingnthenphysicalnexamination,nthenexaminernmustnbenablentondifferentiatenbetweennnormalnandnabnormalnfindings,nr
ecallnknowledgenofnanrangenofnconditions,nincludingntheirnassociatednsignsnandnsymptoms,nrecognizenhowncertainnconditionsnaffec
tnthenresponsentonothern conditions,nandndistinguishnthenrelevancen ofnvariednabnormaln findings.
PTS: 1
5. ANS: C
Sourcesnforndiagnosticnstatisticsnincludentextbooks,nprimarynreportsnofnresearch,nandnpublishednmeta-
analyses.nAnothernsourcenofnstatistics,nthenonenthatnhasnbeennmostnwidelynusednandnavailablen fornapplicationn tonthenreasoningnproc
ess,nisnthenestimationnbasednonnanprovider’snexperience,nalthoughnthesenarenrarelynaccurate.nOvernthenpastndecade,nthenavailability
nofnevidencenonnwhichntonbasenclinicalnreasoningnisnimproving,n andntherenisnannincreasingnexpectationnthatnclinicalnreasoningnbenb
asednonnscientificnevidence.
Evidence-basednstatisticsnarenalsonincreasinglynbeingnusedntondevelopnresourcesntonfacilitatenclinicalndecision-making.
PTS: 1
6. ANS: D
Tonassistninnclinicalndecision-making,nannumbernofnevidence-
basednresourcesnhavenbeenndevelopedntonassistnthenclinician.nResources,nsuchnasnalgorithmsnandnclinicalnpracticenguidelines,nassis
tninnclinicalnreasoningnwhennproperlynapplied.
PTS: 1
7. ANS: A
Thensensitivitynofnandiagnosticnstudynisnthenpercentagenofnindividualsnwithnthentargetnconditionnwhonshownannabnormal,nornpositiv
e,nresult.nAnhighnsensitivitynindicatesnthatnangreaternpercentagenofnpersonsn withnthengivennconditionnwillnhavenannabnormalnresult.
PTS: 1
8. ANS: B
Thenspecificitynofnandiagnosticnstudynisnthenpercentagenofnnormal,nhealthynindividualsnwhonhavenannormalnresult.nThengreaternt
henspecificity,nthengreaternthenpercentagenofnindividualsnwhonwillnhavennegative,nornnormal,nresultsnifntheyndonnotnhaventhentarg
etncondition.
PTS: 1
9. ANS: A
Thenlikelihoodnrationisnthenprobabilitynthatnanpositiventestnresultnwillnbenassociatednwithnanpersonnwhonhasnthentargetnconditionnand
nannegativenresultnwillnbenassociatednwithnanhealthynperson.nAnlikelihoodnrationaboven1nindicatesnthatnanpositivenresultnisnassociated
nwithnthendisease;nanlikelihoodn rationlessnthann1nindicatesnthatnannegativen resultnisnassociatednwithnannabsencenofnthendisease.
, n
lOMoARcPSD| 126 567
n 13
PTS: 1
10. ANS: B
Clinicalndecisionn(ornprediction)nrulesnprovidenanothernsupportnfornclinicalnreasoning.nClinicalndecisionnrulesnarenevidence-
basednresourcesnthatnprovidenprobabilisticnstatementsnregardingnthenlikelihoodnthatnanconditionnexistsnifncertainnvariablesnarenme
tnwithnregardntonthenprognosisnofnpatientsnwithnspecificnfindings.nDecisionnrulesnusenmathematicalnmodelsnandnarenspecificntonc
ertainnsituations,nsettings,nand/ornpatientncharacteristics.
PTS: 1
