NR565/ NR 565 Advanced Pharmacology
Care 2024-2025 UPDATED QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
Used in children aged 9-11 and 19-21, and adults every 5 years after 20, with
greater risk for those with diabetes and a risk score >7.5% - ANSWER>>ASCVD
Risk Score
Can be used in pregnancy/breastfeeding, as monotherapy or adjunct therapy
with a statin or fibrate - ANSWER>>Ezetimibe Use
Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor that lowers cholesterol levels by decreasing
absorption from the small intestine, without affecting triglycerides -
ANSWER>>Ezetimibe
Non-drug measures to lower LDL, including diet, exercise, weight control, and
smoking cessation - ANSWER>>Lifestyle Changes for High Cholesterol
Non-statins like fibrates, ezetimibe, bile acid sequestrants, or statins for
generally well-tolerated side effects - ANSWER>>Minimizing Side Effects
Direct relaxant effect on vascular smooth muscles, dilation of coronary vessels,
reduction of preload and afterload, and promotion of vasodilation -
ANSWER>>Organic Nitrates Therapeutic Action
Inhibited by CYP3A4 inhibitors, increasing the risk of torsades de pointes,
including grapefruit juice, HIV protease inhibitors, macrolide antibiotics, azole
antifungal drugs, and some CCB - ANSWER>>Ranolazine Contraindications
Avoid in children under 10 - ANSWER>>Statin Prescription Age
, Promotes relaxation of coronary artery spasm, increasing cardiac oxygen supply
- ANSWER>>CCB Role in Variant Angina
Aldosterone antagonist that promotes myocardial remodeling and fibrosis to
help with symptoms - ANSWER>>HF Worsening Symptoms Medication
Promotes relaxation of peripheral arterioles, decreasing afterload and reducing
cardiac oxygen demand - ANSWER>>CCB Stable Angina
Prescribe a BB to help with increased heart rate - ANSWER>>Nitro Patches Side
Effect Response
When not used correctly, they lead to increased side effects, adverse reactions,
and toxicity - ANSWER>>CYP450 Inhibitors and Reducers
In patients with infrequent flareups (less than three per year), NSAIDs are the
first line agent for relieving pain - ANSWER>>Gouty Arthritis Treatment Decision
Prescribe a glucocorticoid (prednisone) or make dietary changes -
ANSWER>>Gouty Arthritis NSAID Ineffectiveness
Considered for long term treatment if a person has three or more gouty attacks
per year - ANSWER>>Colchicine Long Term Treatment
Should not be taken with statins or CYP3A4 inhibitors - ANSWER>>Colchicine
Contraindications
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, myelosuppression, myopathy, and rhabdomyolysis -
ANSWER>>Colchicine Adverse Effects
Can lead to severe cutaneous adverse reaction (SCAR) with symptoms like rash,
fever, eosinophilia, and liver and kidney function issues - ANSWER>>Allopurinol
Long Term Effect
Care 2024-2025 UPDATED QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
Used in children aged 9-11 and 19-21, and adults every 5 years after 20, with
greater risk for those with diabetes and a risk score >7.5% - ANSWER>>ASCVD
Risk Score
Can be used in pregnancy/breastfeeding, as monotherapy or adjunct therapy
with a statin or fibrate - ANSWER>>Ezetimibe Use
Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor that lowers cholesterol levels by decreasing
absorption from the small intestine, without affecting triglycerides -
ANSWER>>Ezetimibe
Non-drug measures to lower LDL, including diet, exercise, weight control, and
smoking cessation - ANSWER>>Lifestyle Changes for High Cholesterol
Non-statins like fibrates, ezetimibe, bile acid sequestrants, or statins for
generally well-tolerated side effects - ANSWER>>Minimizing Side Effects
Direct relaxant effect on vascular smooth muscles, dilation of coronary vessels,
reduction of preload and afterload, and promotion of vasodilation -
ANSWER>>Organic Nitrates Therapeutic Action
Inhibited by CYP3A4 inhibitors, increasing the risk of torsades de pointes,
including grapefruit juice, HIV protease inhibitors, macrolide antibiotics, azole
antifungal drugs, and some CCB - ANSWER>>Ranolazine Contraindications
Avoid in children under 10 - ANSWER>>Statin Prescription Age
, Promotes relaxation of coronary artery spasm, increasing cardiac oxygen supply
- ANSWER>>CCB Role in Variant Angina
Aldosterone antagonist that promotes myocardial remodeling and fibrosis to
help with symptoms - ANSWER>>HF Worsening Symptoms Medication
Promotes relaxation of peripheral arterioles, decreasing afterload and reducing
cardiac oxygen demand - ANSWER>>CCB Stable Angina
Prescribe a BB to help with increased heart rate - ANSWER>>Nitro Patches Side
Effect Response
When not used correctly, they lead to increased side effects, adverse reactions,
and toxicity - ANSWER>>CYP450 Inhibitors and Reducers
In patients with infrequent flareups (less than three per year), NSAIDs are the
first line agent for relieving pain - ANSWER>>Gouty Arthritis Treatment Decision
Prescribe a glucocorticoid (prednisone) or make dietary changes -
ANSWER>>Gouty Arthritis NSAID Ineffectiveness
Considered for long term treatment if a person has three or more gouty attacks
per year - ANSWER>>Colchicine Long Term Treatment
Should not be taken with statins or CYP3A4 inhibitors - ANSWER>>Colchicine
Contraindications
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, myelosuppression, myopathy, and rhabdomyolysis -
ANSWER>>Colchicine Adverse Effects
Can lead to severe cutaneous adverse reaction (SCAR) with symptoms like rash,
fever, eosinophilia, and liver and kidney function issues - ANSWER>>Allopurinol
Long Term Effect
