ATI Renal + Urinary System Practice Questions
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5. A nurse is planning care for a client who will undergo peritoneal dialysis. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
A. Monitor serum glucose levels.
B. Report cloudy dialysate return.
C. Warm the dialysate in a microwave oven.
D. Assess for shortness of breath.
E. Check the access site dressing for wetness.
F. Maintain medical asepsis when accessing the catheter insertion site. - CORRECT
ANSWER: A. CORRECT: The nurse should monitor serum glucose levels because the
dialysate solution contains glucose.
B. CORRECT: The nurse should monitor for cloudy dialysate return, which indicates an
infection. Clear, light‐yellow solution is typical during the outflow process.
C. The nurse should avoid warming the dialysate in a microwave oven, which causes
uneven heating of the solution.
D. CORRECT: The nurse should assess for shortness of breath, which can indicate
inability to tolerate a large volume of dialysate.
E. CORRECT: The nurse should check the access site dressing for wetness and look
for kinking, pulling, clamping, or twisting of the tubing, which can increase the risk for
exit‐site infections.
F. The nurse should maintain surgical, not medical, asepsis when accessing the
catheter insertion site to prevent infection from contamination.
A nurse administered captopril to a client during a renal scan. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
A. Assess for hypertension.
B. Limit the client's fluid intake.
,C. Monitor for orthostatic hypotension.
D. Encourage early ambulation - CORRECT ANSWER: A. Captopril is an
antihypertensive medication. Assess the client for hypotensive effects.
B. Increasing the client's fluid intake can help resolve hypotensive effects following the
administration of captopril.
C. CORRECT: The nurse should monitor for orthostatic hypotension because this is an
adverse effect of captopril. This results in a change in blood flow to the kidneys after the
initial dose.
D. The client is at risk for falls when ambulating due to the hypotensive effects of
captopril. The nurse should encourage the client to remain in bed.
A nurse has a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and will have excretory urography.
Prior to the procedure, which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all
that apply.)
A. Identify an allergy to seafood.
B. Withhold metformin for 24 hr.
C. Administer an enema.
D. Obtain a serum coagulation profile.
E. Assess for asthma. - CORRECT ANSWER: A. CORRECT: Clients who have an
allergy to seafood are at higher risk for an allergic reaction to the contrast dye they will
receive during the procedure.
B. CORRECT: Clients who take metformin are at risk for lactic acidosis from the
contrast dye with iodine they will receive during the procedure.
C. CORRECT: Clients should receive an enema to remove fecal contents, fluid, and gas
from the colon for a more clear visualization.
D. A serum coagulation profile is essential for a client prior to a kidney biopsy because
of the risk of hemorrhage from the procedure.
E. CORRECT: Clients who have asthma have a higher risk of an exacerbation as an
allergic response to the contrast dye they will receive during the procedure.
A nurse is assessing a client who has prerenal AKI. Which of the following findings
should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)
A. Reduced BUN
,B. Elevated cardiac enzymes
C. Reduced urine output
D. Elevated serum creatinine
E. Elevated serum calcium - CORRECT ANSWER: A. A manifestation of prerenal AKI is
an elevated BUN caused by the retention of nitrogenous wastes in the blood.
B. Elevated cardiac enzymes is a manifestation of cardiac tissue injury, not AKI.
C. CORRECT: A manifestation of prerenal AKI is reduced urine output. D. CORRECT: A
manifestation of prerenal
AKI is elevated serum creatinine.
E. CORRECT: A manifestation of prerenal AKI is reduced calcium level.
A nurse is caring for a client who develops disequilibrium syndrome after receiving
hemodialysis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Administer an opioid medication.
B. Monitor for hypertension.
C. Assess level of consciousness.
D. Increase the dialysis exchange rate. - CORRECT ANSWER: A. An altered level of
consciousness is a manifestation of disequilibrium syndrome. The nurse should not
administer an opioid medication.
The provider may prescribe medication to decrease seizure activity.
B. The nurse should monitor for hypotension due to rapid change in fluids and
electrolytes causing disequilibrium syndrome.
C. CORRECT: The nurse should assess the client's level of consciousness. A change in
urea levels can cause increased intracranial pressure. Subsequently, the client's level of
consciousness decreases.
D. The nurse should decrease the dialysis exchange rate to slow the rapid changes in
fluid and electrolyte status when a client develops disequilibrium syndrome.
A nurse is monitoring a client who had a kidney biopsy for postoperative complications.
Which of the following complications should the nurse identify as causing the greatest
risk to the client?
A. Infection
, B. Hemorrhage
C. Hematuria
D. Pain - CORRECT ANSWER: A. The client is at risk for infection of the kidney
because a biopsy is an invasive procedure. However, another complication is the
priority.
B. CORRECT: The greatest risk to the client following a kidney biopsy is hemorrhage
due to a lack of clotting at the puncture site. The nurse should report this finding to the
provider immediately.
C. The client is at risk for hematuria, which is a common complication the first 48 to 72
hr after the biopsy. However, another complication is the priority. D. The client is at risk
for pain after a kidney biopsy because blood in and around the kidney causes pressure
on the nerves in the area; however, another complication is the priority.
A nurse is planning care for a
client who has postrenal AKI due
to metastatic cancer. The client
has a serum creatinine of 5 mg/dL. Which of the following interventions should the
nurse include in the plan? (Select all that apply.)
A. Provide a high‐protein diet.
B. Assess the urine for blood.
C. Monitor for intermittent anuria.
D. Weight the client once per week.
E. Provide NSAIDs for pain. - CORRECT ANSWER: A. CORRECT: The nurse should
provide a high‐protein diet due to the high rate of protein breakdown that occurs with
acute kidney injury.
B. CORRECT: The nurse should assess urine for blood, stones, and particles indicating
an obstruction of the urinary structures that leave the kidney.
C. CORRECT: The nurse should assess for intermittent anuria due to obstruction or
damage to kidneys or urinary structures.
D. The nurse should weigh the client daily to monitor for fluid retention due to acute
kidney injury.
E. The nurse should not administer NSAIDs, which are toxic to the nephrons in the
kidney.
Latest Update 2024-2025 Actual Exam from
Credible Source with Questions and 100%
Verified Detailed Correct Answers Guaranteed
5. A nurse is planning care for a client who will undergo peritoneal dialysis. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
A. Monitor serum glucose levels.
B. Report cloudy dialysate return.
C. Warm the dialysate in a microwave oven.
D. Assess for shortness of breath.
E. Check the access site dressing for wetness.
F. Maintain medical asepsis when accessing the catheter insertion site. - CORRECT
ANSWER: A. CORRECT: The nurse should monitor serum glucose levels because the
dialysate solution contains glucose.
B. CORRECT: The nurse should monitor for cloudy dialysate return, which indicates an
infection. Clear, light‐yellow solution is typical during the outflow process.
C. The nurse should avoid warming the dialysate in a microwave oven, which causes
uneven heating of the solution.
D. CORRECT: The nurse should assess for shortness of breath, which can indicate
inability to tolerate a large volume of dialysate.
E. CORRECT: The nurse should check the access site dressing for wetness and look
for kinking, pulling, clamping, or twisting of the tubing, which can increase the risk for
exit‐site infections.
F. The nurse should maintain surgical, not medical, asepsis when accessing the
catheter insertion site to prevent infection from contamination.
A nurse administered captopril to a client during a renal scan. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
A. Assess for hypertension.
B. Limit the client's fluid intake.
,C. Monitor for orthostatic hypotension.
D. Encourage early ambulation - CORRECT ANSWER: A. Captopril is an
antihypertensive medication. Assess the client for hypotensive effects.
B. Increasing the client's fluid intake can help resolve hypotensive effects following the
administration of captopril.
C. CORRECT: The nurse should monitor for orthostatic hypotension because this is an
adverse effect of captopril. This results in a change in blood flow to the kidneys after the
initial dose.
D. The client is at risk for falls when ambulating due to the hypotensive effects of
captopril. The nurse should encourage the client to remain in bed.
A nurse has a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and will have excretory urography.
Prior to the procedure, which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all
that apply.)
A. Identify an allergy to seafood.
B. Withhold metformin for 24 hr.
C. Administer an enema.
D. Obtain a serum coagulation profile.
E. Assess for asthma. - CORRECT ANSWER: A. CORRECT: Clients who have an
allergy to seafood are at higher risk for an allergic reaction to the contrast dye they will
receive during the procedure.
B. CORRECT: Clients who take metformin are at risk for lactic acidosis from the
contrast dye with iodine they will receive during the procedure.
C. CORRECT: Clients should receive an enema to remove fecal contents, fluid, and gas
from the colon for a more clear visualization.
D. A serum coagulation profile is essential for a client prior to a kidney biopsy because
of the risk of hemorrhage from the procedure.
E. CORRECT: Clients who have asthma have a higher risk of an exacerbation as an
allergic response to the contrast dye they will receive during the procedure.
A nurse is assessing a client who has prerenal AKI. Which of the following findings
should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)
A. Reduced BUN
,B. Elevated cardiac enzymes
C. Reduced urine output
D. Elevated serum creatinine
E. Elevated serum calcium - CORRECT ANSWER: A. A manifestation of prerenal AKI is
an elevated BUN caused by the retention of nitrogenous wastes in the blood.
B. Elevated cardiac enzymes is a manifestation of cardiac tissue injury, not AKI.
C. CORRECT: A manifestation of prerenal AKI is reduced urine output. D. CORRECT: A
manifestation of prerenal
AKI is elevated serum creatinine.
E. CORRECT: A manifestation of prerenal AKI is reduced calcium level.
A nurse is caring for a client who develops disequilibrium syndrome after receiving
hemodialysis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Administer an opioid medication.
B. Monitor for hypertension.
C. Assess level of consciousness.
D. Increase the dialysis exchange rate. - CORRECT ANSWER: A. An altered level of
consciousness is a manifestation of disequilibrium syndrome. The nurse should not
administer an opioid medication.
The provider may prescribe medication to decrease seizure activity.
B. The nurse should monitor for hypotension due to rapid change in fluids and
electrolytes causing disequilibrium syndrome.
C. CORRECT: The nurse should assess the client's level of consciousness. A change in
urea levels can cause increased intracranial pressure. Subsequently, the client's level of
consciousness decreases.
D. The nurse should decrease the dialysis exchange rate to slow the rapid changes in
fluid and electrolyte status when a client develops disequilibrium syndrome.
A nurse is monitoring a client who had a kidney biopsy for postoperative complications.
Which of the following complications should the nurse identify as causing the greatest
risk to the client?
A. Infection
, B. Hemorrhage
C. Hematuria
D. Pain - CORRECT ANSWER: A. The client is at risk for infection of the kidney
because a biopsy is an invasive procedure. However, another complication is the
priority.
B. CORRECT: The greatest risk to the client following a kidney biopsy is hemorrhage
due to a lack of clotting at the puncture site. The nurse should report this finding to the
provider immediately.
C. The client is at risk for hematuria, which is a common complication the first 48 to 72
hr after the biopsy. However, another complication is the priority. D. The client is at risk
for pain after a kidney biopsy because blood in and around the kidney causes pressure
on the nerves in the area; however, another complication is the priority.
A nurse is planning care for a
client who has postrenal AKI due
to metastatic cancer. The client
has a serum creatinine of 5 mg/dL. Which of the following interventions should the
nurse include in the plan? (Select all that apply.)
A. Provide a high‐protein diet.
B. Assess the urine for blood.
C. Monitor for intermittent anuria.
D. Weight the client once per week.
E. Provide NSAIDs for pain. - CORRECT ANSWER: A. CORRECT: The nurse should
provide a high‐protein diet due to the high rate of protein breakdown that occurs with
acute kidney injury.
B. CORRECT: The nurse should assess urine for blood, stones, and particles indicating
an obstruction of the urinary structures that leave the kidney.
C. CORRECT: The nurse should assess for intermittent anuria due to obstruction or
damage to kidneys or urinary structures.
D. The nurse should weigh the client daily to monitor for fluid retention due to acute
kidney injury.
E. The nurse should not administer NSAIDs, which are toxic to the nephrons in the
kidney.
