CNIM - ABRET Practice Exam Questions And 100%
Pass
Cavities inside the skull - AnswerAnterior/middle/posterior fossa
/.Cranial bones - AnswerFrontal, occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid (unpaired). Parietal &
temporal (paired).
/.Mental protuberance - Answerchin bone
/.MCA supply of the cerebral cortex - AnswerHand + face/mouth/auditory
/.Cranial nerves - Answer-12 pairs (Mixed fibers: sensory/motor/both).
-Emerge @ irregular intervals from the brain.
-Nuclei displacement:
Motor = medial Sensory = lateral
/.Meckle's Cave - AnswerDepression in the medial middle fossa where CN V ganglion
sits
/.Low frequency sounds - Answer@ apex of cochlea
/.Area of spine w/ small pedicles, long spinous process, large inter-vertebral foramen -
AnswerThoracic
/.Neuroforamen - AnswerOpening w/in the spinal canal for nerve roots to enter the SC
/.Firm outer layer of the disc - AnswerAnnulus fibrosis
/.Syrinx - AnswerFluid-filled cavity @ center of the SC
/.Spinal cord ends @ the level btwn: - AnswerL1-L2 vertebrae (Conus Medullaris)
/.Blood supply to the SC consists of: - Answer1 ASA for both MEP tracts
/.Hydrostatic pressure - AnswerDepends on body position
/.Structural functional anatomy may be altered by: - AnswerPrevious lesions, current,
plasticity, pressure
/.Glia cell - AnswerComes from the Greek word "glue"
,/.Large diameter nerve fiber (vs. small diameter) - Answer-Recruited 1st w/ INC'd stim
intensity
-Higher conduction velocity
-More vulnerable to hypoxia & pressure Δ's
/.Synaptic transmission, and/or Δ's in thalamocortical projections, produce -
AnswerCortical potentials
/.Peripheral nerve sensitivity - AnswerLeast sensitive to injury (more sensitive = SC
grey/white mater, cortical grey matter)
/.Cavernous angiomas - AnswerMulti-lobulated lesions containing hemorrhage
/.Geriatric population: prevalence of temporal bone hyperostosis - Answer10-15%
/.Presbycusis - AnswerHigh freq hearing loss; gradually occurs in older individuals
/.Most commonly injured CN - AnswerFacial nerve (VII)
/.Burst fracture - Answer-Break in the vertebra
-Failure of anterior & middle vertebral columns
-Caused by violent compressive event (fall, MVA)
/.Excessive neck flexion in sitting position - AnswerQuadraparesis (due to ischemia in
upper T-spine)
/.Lhermittes Sign - AnswerShocking sensation that occurs throughout the body during
neck flexion
/.Central Cord Syndrome (CCS) - Answer-Sacral sparing
-Loss of sensory/motor fx @ level of injury
-Disruption of grey matter
/.(+) Babinski Sign could indicate - Answer-severe [UMN] SC trauma
-abnml PTN SSEPs
/.Hoffman's Reflex (1918) - AnswerPalmar flexion of the thumb when the distal phalanx
of the middle finger (of the same hand) is rapidly stroked
/.A nml curve of the lumbar spine taking place @ 1-2 y/o - AnswerKyphosis
/.Scoliosis progression in peds - AnswerMore likely in girls > boys
/.Apraxia - AnswerDifficulty w/ skilled mvmnts
, /.Neurapraxia - AnswerPNS disorder: blockage of sensory + motor nerve conduction
(w/o axonal damage)
/.INC venous pressure leads to - Answer-venous congestion; DEC drainage of nml
veins; chronic hypoxia
-NOT hypotension
/.common source of air embolism introduction into the blood supply - AnswerSuperior
sagittal sinus
/.MAC is approximated by the effect of anesthesia on - AnswerH-reflex (mvmnt when
stimulated)
/.Sevo/Des/N2O - AnswerDO NOT act on the same neuronal receptors
/.On an equi-MAC basis (w/ equivalent doses of anes), which has the greatest effect on
MEPs of recorded mm's? - AnswerN2O
/.N2O - Answer-synergistic IONM effects when mixed w/ Iso --> depressed IONM
-weak anesthetic agent
-causes ~75% DEC in SSEP amplitudes
/.Desflurane - Answer-affects NMJ --> enhances effect of NMBs
-no effect on MEP CMAPs
-eliminates most rapidly
/.Isoflurane 1.7% - Answermay result in burst suppression
/.TIVA MoA on pt mvmnt - AnswerGlycine receptor blocking in the SC
/.Which is not a major MoA of the usual anesthetic agents that affect IONM? -
AnswerInhibition of nerve conduction velocity
/.EP modality most affected by propofol - AnswerMid-latency auditory response
/.Ketamine - Answer(NMDA antagonist)
-does NOT act @ GABA synapse
-desirable for peds <6-10 y/o + TCeMEP monitoring
-agent that least depresses SSEPs
-SSEP/MEP = INC amp
-EEG = INC beta
/.Propofol - Answer(GABA agonist)
-SSEP/BAER = INC latency
-EEG = slowing
Pass
Cavities inside the skull - AnswerAnterior/middle/posterior fossa
/.Cranial bones - AnswerFrontal, occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid (unpaired). Parietal &
temporal (paired).
/.Mental protuberance - Answerchin bone
/.MCA supply of the cerebral cortex - AnswerHand + face/mouth/auditory
/.Cranial nerves - Answer-12 pairs (Mixed fibers: sensory/motor/both).
-Emerge @ irregular intervals from the brain.
-Nuclei displacement:
Motor = medial Sensory = lateral
/.Meckle's Cave - AnswerDepression in the medial middle fossa where CN V ganglion
sits
/.Low frequency sounds - Answer@ apex of cochlea
/.Area of spine w/ small pedicles, long spinous process, large inter-vertebral foramen -
AnswerThoracic
/.Neuroforamen - AnswerOpening w/in the spinal canal for nerve roots to enter the SC
/.Firm outer layer of the disc - AnswerAnnulus fibrosis
/.Syrinx - AnswerFluid-filled cavity @ center of the SC
/.Spinal cord ends @ the level btwn: - AnswerL1-L2 vertebrae (Conus Medullaris)
/.Blood supply to the SC consists of: - Answer1 ASA for both MEP tracts
/.Hydrostatic pressure - AnswerDepends on body position
/.Structural functional anatomy may be altered by: - AnswerPrevious lesions, current,
plasticity, pressure
/.Glia cell - AnswerComes from the Greek word "glue"
,/.Large diameter nerve fiber (vs. small diameter) - Answer-Recruited 1st w/ INC'd stim
intensity
-Higher conduction velocity
-More vulnerable to hypoxia & pressure Δ's
/.Synaptic transmission, and/or Δ's in thalamocortical projections, produce -
AnswerCortical potentials
/.Peripheral nerve sensitivity - AnswerLeast sensitive to injury (more sensitive = SC
grey/white mater, cortical grey matter)
/.Cavernous angiomas - AnswerMulti-lobulated lesions containing hemorrhage
/.Geriatric population: prevalence of temporal bone hyperostosis - Answer10-15%
/.Presbycusis - AnswerHigh freq hearing loss; gradually occurs in older individuals
/.Most commonly injured CN - AnswerFacial nerve (VII)
/.Burst fracture - Answer-Break in the vertebra
-Failure of anterior & middle vertebral columns
-Caused by violent compressive event (fall, MVA)
/.Excessive neck flexion in sitting position - AnswerQuadraparesis (due to ischemia in
upper T-spine)
/.Lhermittes Sign - AnswerShocking sensation that occurs throughout the body during
neck flexion
/.Central Cord Syndrome (CCS) - Answer-Sacral sparing
-Loss of sensory/motor fx @ level of injury
-Disruption of grey matter
/.(+) Babinski Sign could indicate - Answer-severe [UMN] SC trauma
-abnml PTN SSEPs
/.Hoffman's Reflex (1918) - AnswerPalmar flexion of the thumb when the distal phalanx
of the middle finger (of the same hand) is rapidly stroked
/.A nml curve of the lumbar spine taking place @ 1-2 y/o - AnswerKyphosis
/.Scoliosis progression in peds - AnswerMore likely in girls > boys
/.Apraxia - AnswerDifficulty w/ skilled mvmnts
, /.Neurapraxia - AnswerPNS disorder: blockage of sensory + motor nerve conduction
(w/o axonal damage)
/.INC venous pressure leads to - Answer-venous congestion; DEC drainage of nml
veins; chronic hypoxia
-NOT hypotension
/.common source of air embolism introduction into the blood supply - AnswerSuperior
sagittal sinus
/.MAC is approximated by the effect of anesthesia on - AnswerH-reflex (mvmnt when
stimulated)
/.Sevo/Des/N2O - AnswerDO NOT act on the same neuronal receptors
/.On an equi-MAC basis (w/ equivalent doses of anes), which has the greatest effect on
MEPs of recorded mm's? - AnswerN2O
/.N2O - Answer-synergistic IONM effects when mixed w/ Iso --> depressed IONM
-weak anesthetic agent
-causes ~75% DEC in SSEP amplitudes
/.Desflurane - Answer-affects NMJ --> enhances effect of NMBs
-no effect on MEP CMAPs
-eliminates most rapidly
/.Isoflurane 1.7% - Answermay result in burst suppression
/.TIVA MoA on pt mvmnt - AnswerGlycine receptor blocking in the SC
/.Which is not a major MoA of the usual anesthetic agents that affect IONM? -
AnswerInhibition of nerve conduction velocity
/.EP modality most affected by propofol - AnswerMid-latency auditory response
/.Ketamine - Answer(NMDA antagonist)
-does NOT act @ GABA synapse
-desirable for peds <6-10 y/o + TCeMEP monitoring
-agent that least depresses SSEPs
-SSEP/MEP = INC amp
-EEG = INC beta
/.Propofol - Answer(GABA agonist)
-SSEP/BAER = INC latency
-EEG = slowing
