Test Bank for Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care, 6th Edition All chapters by Brian K. Wals

Test Bank for Neonatal and Pediatric
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Respiratory Care, 6th Edition
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by Brian K. Walsh
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,Chapter 1: Fetal Lung Development
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Test Bank
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MULTIPLE ACHOICE

1. Which Aof Athe Afollowing Aphases Aof Ahuman Alung Adevelopment Ais Acharacterized Aby Athe
A formation Aof Aa Acapillary Anetwork Aaround Aairway Apassages?
a. Pseudoglandular
b. Saccular
c. Alveolar
d. Canalicular
ANS: A D
The Acanalicular Aphase Afollows Athe Apseudoglandular Aphase, Alasting Afrom Aapproximately A17
Aweeks Ato A26 Aweeks Aof Agestation. AThis Aphase Ais Aso Anamed Abecause Aof Athe Aappearance Aof

Avascular Achannels, Aor Acapillaries, Awhich Abegin Ato Agrow Aby Aforming Aa Acapillary Anetwork

Aaround Athe Aair Apassages. ADuring Athe Apseudoglandular Astage, Awhich Abegins Aat Aday A52 Aand

Aextends Ato Aweek A16 Aof Agestation, Athe Aairway Asystem Asubdivides Aextensively Aand Athe

Aconducting Aairway Asystem Adevelops, Aending Awith Athe Aterminal Abronchioles. AThe Asaccular

Astage Aof Adevelopment, Awhich Atakes Aplace Afrom Aweeks A29 Ato A36 Aof Agestation, Ais

Acharacterized Aby Athe Adevelopment Aof Asacs Athat Alater Abecome Aalveoli. ADuring Athe Asaccular

Aphase, Aa Atremendous Aincrease Ain Athe Apotential

gas-exchanging Asurface Aarea Aoccurs. AThe Adistinction Abetween Athe Asaccular Astage Aand Athe
Aalveolar Astage Ais Aarbitrary. AThe Aalveolar Astage Astretches Afrom A39 Aweeks Aof Agestation Ato

Aterm. AThis Astage Ais Arepresented Aby Athe Aestablishment Aof Aalveoli.




REF: A pp. A A 3-5

2. Regarding Apostnatal Alung Agrowth, Aby Aapproximately Awhat Aage Ado Amost Aof Athe Aalveoli Athat
Awill Abe Apresent Ain Athe Alungs Afor Alife Adevelop?
a. 6 Amonths
b. 1 Ayear
c. 1.5 Ayears
d. 2 Ayears
ANS: A C
Most Aof Athe Apostnatal Aformation Aof Aalveoli Ain Athe Ainfant Aoccurs Aover Athe Afirst A1.5 Ayears Aof
Alife. AAt A2 Ayears Aof Aage, Athe Anumber Aof Aalveoli Avaries Asubstantially Aamong Aindividuals.

AAfter A2 Ayears Aof Aage, Amales Ahave Amore Aalveoli Athan Ado Afemales. AAfter Aalveolar

Amultiplication Aends, Athe Aalveoli Acontinue Ato Aincrease Ain Asize Auntil Athoracic Agrowth Ais

Acompleted.




REF: Ap. A6

3. The Arespiratory Atherapist Ais Aevaluating Aa Anewborn Awith Amild Arespiratory Adistress Adue Ato
A tracheal Astenosis. ADuring Awhich Aperiod Aof Alung Adevelopment Adid Athis Aproblem Adevelop?
a. Embryonal
b. Saccular
c. Canalicular
d. Alveolar
ANS: A A

, The Ainitial Astructures Aof Athe Apulmonary Atree Adevelop Aduring Athe Aembryonal Astage. AErrors
Ain Adevelopment Aduring Athis Atime Amay Aresult Ain Alaryngeal, Atracheal, Aor Aesophageal Aatresia

Aor Astenosis. APulmonary Ahypoplasia, Aan Aincomplete Adevelopment Aof Athe Alungs Acharacterized

Aby Aan Aabnormally Alow Anumber Aand/or Asize Aof Abronchopulmonary Asegments Aand/or Aalveoli,

Acan Adevelop Aduring Athe Apseudoglandular Aphase. AIf Athe Afetus Ais Aborn Aduring Athe

Acanalicular Aphase A(i.e., Aprematurely), Asevere Arespiratory Adistress Acan Abe Aexpected Abecause

Athe Ainadequately Adeveloped Aairways, Aalong Awith Ainsufficient Aand Aimmature Asurfactant

Aproduction Aby Aalveolar Atype AII Acells, Agives Arise Ato Athe Aconstellation Aof Aproblems Aknown

Aas Ainfant Arespiratory Adistress Asyndrome.




REF: A A p. A6

4. Which Aof Athe Afollowing Amechanisms Ais A(are) Aresponsible Afor Athe Apossible Aassociation
Abetween Aoligohydramnios Aand Alung Ahypoplasia?

I. Abnormal Acarbohydrate Ametabolism
II. Mechanical Arestriction Aof Athe Achest Awall
III. Interference Awith Afetal Abreathing
IV. Failure Ato Aproduce Afetal Alung Aliquid
a. I Aand AIII Aonly
b. II Aand AIII Aonly
c. I, AII, Aand AIV Aonly
d. II, AIII, Aand AIV Aonly
ANS: A D
Oligohydramnios, Aa Areduced Aquantity Aof Aamniotic Afluid Apresent Afor Aan Aextended Aperiod Aof
Atime,

with Aor Awithout Arenal Aa n o mTa El i eSs T, AiB
sAA
asNsoKcS
iaE
teL
dLwEitR
h.luCnO
gAM
hypoplasia. AThe Amechanisms Aby
which Aamniotic Afluid Avolume Ainfluences Alung Agrowth Aremain Aunclear. APossible Aexplanations
Afor

reduced Aquantity Aof Aamniotic Afluid Ainclude Amechanical Arestriction Aof Athe Achest Awall,
Ainterference Awith Afetal Abreathing, Aor Afailure Ato Aproduce Afetal Alung Aliquid. AThese Aclinical

Aand Aexperimental Aobservations Apossibly Apoint Ato Aa Acommon Adenominator, Alung Astretch, Aas

Abeing Aa Amajor Agrowth Astimulant.



REF: App. A6-7

5. What Ais Athe Apurpose Aof Athe Asubstance Asecreted Aby Athe Atype AII Apneumocyte?
a. To Aincrease Athe Agas Aexchange Asurface Aarea
b. To Areduce Asurface Atension
c. To Amaintain Alung Aelasticity
d. To Apreserve Athe Avolume Aof Athe Aamniotic Afluid
ANS: A B
The Aprimary Arole Aof Amammalian Asurfactant Ais Ato Alower Athe Asurface Atension Awithin Athe
Aalveolus, Aspecifically Aat Athe Aair–liquid Ainterface. AThis Aallows Athe Adelicate Astructure Aof Athe

Aalveolus Ato Aexpand Awhen Afilled Awith Aair. AWithout Asurfactant, Athe Aalveolus Aremains

Acollapsed Abecause Aof Athe Ahigh Asurface Atension Aof Athe Amoist Aalveolar Asurface. ASurfactant Ais

Acomposed Apredominantly Aof Aan Aintricate Ablend Aof Aphospholipids, Aneutral Alipids, Aand

Aproteins.




REF: Ap. A8