PSYCHOLOGY 1100 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
The corpus callosum
connects the two hemispheres
A patient has a cortical lesion. When shown a drawing of a camel, he pain-
stakingly identifies several parts and then ventures a guess: "Eyes...mouth...of
course, it's an animal." He probably suffers from
an agnosia
Apraxia results from damage to
the front of the brain, either left or right
In most people, the right hemisphere appears to be the locus of control in
spatial relations
Patients with Wernicke's aphasia can speak
fluently and rapidly
The somatosensory area is located in the
parietal lobe
A split-brain patient cannot
name an object presented briefly on the left side of the field of vision
With respect to the motor projection area
more space is dedicated to controlling the thumb than the leg
Where is the auditory projection area?
the temporal lobe
A patient who systematically neglects features of the environment on his left and
neglects the left side of his body is suffering from
a lesion of the right parietal lobe
The fact that reflexes are more vigorous when the influence of higher brain
centers is removed is referred to as
disinhibition
The right hemisphere of right-handers
can understand short written words and tell whether a small string of letters makes up a
word or a nonword
The right thumb
projects sensory fibers to the upper region of the left somatosensory projection area
The unilateral neglect syndrome results from lesions
of the right parietal lobe
Aphasia can occur for
both spoken and signed language
Destruction of brain tissue in the association cortex can result in
agnosia, aphasia, & apraxia
The final common path
was identified by Sherrington
The cortex
is the most recently evolved brain structure
, Stimulating the sensory site that causes a flexor muscle to contract, also causes
the corresponding extensor muscle to relax
The peripheral nervous system
the nerves and ganglia outside of the brain and spinal cord
Biological effects of no control over stressful events include
increased risk of cancer & impairment of the immune system
Which of the following is a correct statement about learned taste aversion?
cancer patients who eat a novel tasting food prior to chemotherapy develop a strong
aversion to the novel flavor
The purpose of a negative reinforcer is to
increase the probability of a response
The Garcia effect is important because it
shows that conditioning can take place even when the CS and the effects of a UCS are
separated by many hours & indicates a particular built-in readiness of certain animals to
link taste and illness
In Pavlov's experiment on salivary conditioning what caused salivation before the
conditioning trials began the
UCS
Second-order conditioning
uses a CS from one classical conditioning situation as the UCS in another classical
conditioning situation & does not support as strong a conditioned response relative to
first-order conditioning
The equipotentiality (or equivalence of associability) principle advanced by
Pavlov
holds that the associations between the CS and UCS are essentially arbitrary
Resistance to extinction is
greater under fixed-ratio rather than variable-ratio schedules
Experimental extinction results from
repeated presentations of the CS without the UCS
In a fear conditioning experiment, the probability of the UCS in the presence of
the CS was always .40. Conditioning would be greatest for which probability of
the UCS in the absence of the CS?
.10
Pavlov believed that inhibition does not last as long as excitation. Which
phenomenon did he cite as evidence for this view?
spontaneous recovery
The highest response rates are obtained with a
variable ratio schedule
Instrumental conditioning differs from classical conditioning in that
reinforcement depends on the organism making the proper response
A human subject is touched on the shoulder while receiving electric shock.
Subsequent tests show that he will give a more vigorous galvanic skin response
when touched on the shoulder, less vigorous when touched on the lower back,
still less vigorous when touched on the thigh, and least when touched on the calf.
The results are plotted with the galvanic skins response on the y-axis and the
parts of the body on the x-axis. The resulting curve is called:
ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
The corpus callosum
connects the two hemispheres
A patient has a cortical lesion. When shown a drawing of a camel, he pain-
stakingly identifies several parts and then ventures a guess: "Eyes...mouth...of
course, it's an animal." He probably suffers from
an agnosia
Apraxia results from damage to
the front of the brain, either left or right
In most people, the right hemisphere appears to be the locus of control in
spatial relations
Patients with Wernicke's aphasia can speak
fluently and rapidly
The somatosensory area is located in the
parietal lobe
A split-brain patient cannot
name an object presented briefly on the left side of the field of vision
With respect to the motor projection area
more space is dedicated to controlling the thumb than the leg
Where is the auditory projection area?
the temporal lobe
A patient who systematically neglects features of the environment on his left and
neglects the left side of his body is suffering from
a lesion of the right parietal lobe
The fact that reflexes are more vigorous when the influence of higher brain
centers is removed is referred to as
disinhibition
The right hemisphere of right-handers
can understand short written words and tell whether a small string of letters makes up a
word or a nonword
The right thumb
projects sensory fibers to the upper region of the left somatosensory projection area
The unilateral neglect syndrome results from lesions
of the right parietal lobe
Aphasia can occur for
both spoken and signed language
Destruction of brain tissue in the association cortex can result in
agnosia, aphasia, & apraxia
The final common path
was identified by Sherrington
The cortex
is the most recently evolved brain structure
, Stimulating the sensory site that causes a flexor muscle to contract, also causes
the corresponding extensor muscle to relax
The peripheral nervous system
the nerves and ganglia outside of the brain and spinal cord
Biological effects of no control over stressful events include
increased risk of cancer & impairment of the immune system
Which of the following is a correct statement about learned taste aversion?
cancer patients who eat a novel tasting food prior to chemotherapy develop a strong
aversion to the novel flavor
The purpose of a negative reinforcer is to
increase the probability of a response
The Garcia effect is important because it
shows that conditioning can take place even when the CS and the effects of a UCS are
separated by many hours & indicates a particular built-in readiness of certain animals to
link taste and illness
In Pavlov's experiment on salivary conditioning what caused salivation before the
conditioning trials began the
UCS
Second-order conditioning
uses a CS from one classical conditioning situation as the UCS in another classical
conditioning situation & does not support as strong a conditioned response relative to
first-order conditioning
The equipotentiality (or equivalence of associability) principle advanced by
Pavlov
holds that the associations between the CS and UCS are essentially arbitrary
Resistance to extinction is
greater under fixed-ratio rather than variable-ratio schedules
Experimental extinction results from
repeated presentations of the CS without the UCS
In a fear conditioning experiment, the probability of the UCS in the presence of
the CS was always .40. Conditioning would be greatest for which probability of
the UCS in the absence of the CS?
.10
Pavlov believed that inhibition does not last as long as excitation. Which
phenomenon did he cite as evidence for this view?
spontaneous recovery
The highest response rates are obtained with a
variable ratio schedule
Instrumental conditioning differs from classical conditioning in that
reinforcement depends on the organism making the proper response
A human subject is touched on the shoulder while receiving electric shock.
Subsequent tests show that he will give a more vigorous galvanic skin response
when touched on the shoulder, less vigorous when touched on the lower back,
still less vigorous when touched on the thigh, and least when touched on the calf.
The results are plotted with the galvanic skins response on the y-axis and the
parts of the body on the x-axis. The resulting curve is called:
