Test bank for Davis Advantage for Medical-
s s s s s s
Surgical Nursing: Making Connections to Practice 3rd Editi
s s s s s s s
on by Hoffman COMPLETE GUIDE CHAPTER 1-
s s s s s s
71 FULL GUIDE PDF
s s s
Whatsisshypermetropia?s-
sANSWERslongssitedness,swherebyslightsraysconvergencesatsa spointsaftersthesretina,san
dstherforesoutsofsfocus.sNearbysobjectssapphearsblurryswhilesdistantsobjectssaresclearer
whatsissmyopia?s-sANSWERsnear/shortssightedness,sclosesissclear,sfarsissblurry
-
usualsstartssinspubertysandsgetssworsesuntillseyesissfullysgrown.salsosinsverysyoungschildr
en.
conditionssassociatedswithsmyopia?s-sANSWERssquint-
schildhoodseyesspointsinsdiff.sdirections.
lazyseyechildhood,soneseye.sdoesntsdevelopsproperly
glaucomas-sIOCspressure.
cataractss-sdevelpomentsofscloudysatchessinsideslense.
Retinalsdetachments-swherbysretinaspullssawatsfromsthesbloodsvesselsthatsnourishsit
Whatsissastigmatism?s-
sANSWERsFailurestosconverge simagesatsonespointsonsthesfoveas(likeasrefractionsratherst
hansfocusing)
Causessofsastigmatism?s-sANSWERs-Hereditarys-scornealsorslenticular
-Injuriesstosthescornea,ssuchsassinfectionsthatsscarssthescornea
keratoconuss&skertoglobuss-scausessbulgin,sthinnersandsshapeschange.
Somesconditionssofstheseyelids
otherssthatsaffectscorneasorslense
Whatsisspresbyopia?s-
sANSWERsgradualslosssofsyourseyes'sabilitystosfocussonsnearbysobjects.sIt'ssa snaturalspa
rtsofsagings40-65yrs
Aetiologysofsbacterialsconjunctivitis?s-sANSWERsS.Aureus,sSterp.sPneumosorsH.flu
alsosSTIsschlamydiastrachromatis,sN.gonnorheae
whatsissopthalmiasneonatorum?s-
sANSWERschlamydiasorsgonorrheaesinfectionsfromsinfectedsbirthscanalsaffectings20-
40%
,WhatsissEpiscleritiss?s-
sANSWERsInflamationof slocaliasedssuperficialsepisclerasvascularsnetwork, smostscomm
onlysdiffuses(moderatestosseversinflams@1-3smonthsintervals)
-Nodular/focalsepiscleritiss(cansoftenspresentswithsassociatedssystemicsdisease)
WhatsaresthesclassificationsofsAllergicsconjunctivitis?s-
sANSWERstypes1shypersensitivitys-sseasonals(SAC)
perrenials-schronics(PAC)
Atopics-srelatesstoseczemasandsathsma
gaintspappilarys(GPC)
Limbalsandstarsalskertaoconjuctivitiss(VKC)
WhatsissgaintspappilarysAllergicasconjunctivitiss-
sANSWERsinnersliningsofstheseyelidsswellssandsdevelopsssmallsbumps.sKnownsasspapill
ae,sthesesbumpsstendstosformsafterschronicsirritation
whatscanscausesascornealsabbration?s-sANSWERsDirectstrauma
Foreignsbodysbetweenseyelidsandsconjunctiva
Heatsbyscontact
UVsradiations(ArcsEye)
Whatscanscausescornealsulcer?s-
sANSWERscansbessecondarystosabrasivestrauma,spentratingsinjuriessorsprolongedsuseso
fscontactslenses
Whatsaresdendriticsulcers?s-
sANSWERsHerpesssimplexsviruss(HSV)skeratitississthesmostsfrequentscausesofscornealsb
lindness.s
-saggressivestreatments-
SymptomssofsDendriticsulcers?s-sANSWERsPain
Photophobia
Blurredsvision
Tearing
Redness
s-swith sfluoresceinsstainingsandshassasdelicatesbranchingspattern,
Appearancesofsdendriticsulcersonsopthalmoscopy?s-sANSWERs-
sinfectioussepithelialskeratitiss(withscharacteristicsdendriticsulcers)
-neurotrophicskeratopathy
-stromalskeratitissendotheliitiss(classifiedsassdisciform,sdiffuse,sorslinear)
whatsaresthessymptomssofskeraticsprecipitatessandsanteriorsuveitiss-
sANSWERsPain,sgenerallysdevelopingsoversasfewshourssorsdayssexceptsinscasessofstrau
ma:
Redness
Photophobia
Blurredsvision
Increasedslacrimation
,Chronicsanteriorsuveitisspresentssprimarilysassblurredsvisionsandsmildsredness.s
pains&sphotophobiasnormalysonlysduringsacutesepisode.
whatsaresthessymptomssofsposteriorsUveitis?s-sANSWERsBlurredsvisionsandsfloaters
Absencesofssymptomssofsanteriorsuveitiss(ie,spain,sredness,sandsphotophobia)
Allspartssofsthesposteriorschambersmaysbesaffected,sincludingsthesretina,schoroidsandsopt
icsnerve.sItscansbescausedsbysbacterial,sfungal,sviralsandsparasiticsinfections.
WhatsaresthesfindingssofsposteriorsUveitissuponsopthalmoscopy?s-
sANSWERsposteriorsuveitissShowingscandleswaxsdrippingss(white sareas)
Anteriorsuventississlinkedstoswhichsnonsinfectioussdiseases?s-sANSWERs-
Ankyolisingsspondilitis,s
-behcetssyndroms(ulcersseye,mouths&sgenitals),s
-IBS,s
-Juvenilesarthritis,ssarcoidosiss(Granulomatoussdisease),s
-seronegativesarthropathy
Anteriorsuventississlinkedstoswhichsinfectioussdiseases?s-
sANSWERsHSV,sSYphilis,sTBs&svaricella szoster
Intermediatesuventiss(Cillarysbodystosretina)sisslinkedstoswhichsnon-infectioussdisease?s-
sANSWERsLymphoma,sMS sandssarcoidosis
Posteriorsuventiss(Retina,sretinavvessels)sandsPanuverntiss(iris,scilliarysbodysandschoroi
dslayer)s-sisslinkedswhichsnon-infectioussdiseases?s-
sANSWERsBehcetsssydrome,slymphoma,ssarcoidosis2
Posteriorsuventiss(Retina,sretinavvessels)sandsPanuverntiss(iris,scilliarysbodysandschoroi
dslayer)s-sisslinkedswhichsinfectioussdiseases?s-
sANSWERsCMV,sendogenoussencephalitis,ssyphalis.sTBsandsvaricellaszoster
Toxicariss&stoxoplasmosis
Workupsforssuspectedsuveitis?s-sANSWERsCBC,sESR,sAntinuclearsantibodys(ANA),
Rapidsplasmasreagins(RPR)
Venerealsdiseasesresearchslaboratorys(VDRL)
Lymestiter
HLAstestingsforsankylosingsspondylarthroses
Chestsradiographys(tosassesssforssarcoidosissorstuberculosis)
Urinalysiss(forsredsbloodscellssorscasts)
Infectioussworkups(eg,sHIV,stoxoplasmosis),sdependingsonsthespresentation
WhatsissasHYPOpyons-
sANSWERsItsissa sleukocytic sexudate,sseensinsthesanteriorschamber,susuallysaccompanie
dsbysrednesssofsthesconjunctivasandsthesunderlyingsepisclera
-oftensco-
insideswithsbehcetssdisease,sendophthalmitis,spanuveitis/panopthalmitiss&sAversesdrug
sreactions
, whatsaresanteriorssynchiae?s-sANSWERsPeripheralsanteriorssynechiaes(PAS)
Adhesionssbetweensthesirissandstrabecularsmeshwork
PASsresultsfromsprolongedsappositionalscontactsbetweensthesirissandstrabecularsmeshw
ork
PASsmaysreducesoutflowsofsaqueousshumor
Maysleadstosraisedsintraocularspressure
Whatsaresfloaters?s-
sANSWERsSpots,sthreads,sorsfragmentssofscobwebs,swhich sfloatsslowlysbeforesthesobse
rver'sseyes
commonyscollagensbreakingsdownstosfibrils,sretinalstearssandstearsfilmsdebrissofsconjucti
valssurface
whatsarescateractssandshowswillsaspateintspresent?s-
sANSWERsGradualsthickeningsofstheslens.
Hxsofsprogressivesresidualsdeteriationsandsdisturbancesinsnights&snearsvision
charectoristicsofssenilescataracts?s-sANSWERs-decreasedsvisualsacuity
-glare
-Myopiasorsmyopicsshift
-smonocularsdiplopias-
sabnormalscurvaturesof scornealssurfaces,screatedsdoublesvisionsins1 seye!
Whatsissintracapsularsextraction?s-
sANSWERsExtractionsof sentireslens,sincludingsthesposteriorscapsulesandszonules,s
cariesspostoperativescomlications
Whatsissextracapsularsextractions-
sANSWERsremovalsofstheslenssnucleussthroughsansopeningsinsthesanteriorscapsulesands
asrelativelyslargeslimbalsincision,swithsretentionsofsthesintegritysofsthesposteriorscapsule
Whatsissphacoemulsifications-
sANSWERsextractionsofstheslenssnucleussthroughsansopeningsin sthesanteriorscapsule;san
sultrasonicallysdrivensneedlesissusedstosfragmentsthesnucleussofsthescataract;stheslensssu
bstratesissthensaspiratedsthroughsasneedlesportsviasassmallslimbalsorsscleralsincision
Whatsissopticsneuritis?s-
sANSWERsdemyelinatingsinflammationsofsthesopticsnervesthatsoftensoccurssinsassociati
onswithsmultiplessclerosiss(MS)sandsneuromyelitissopticas(NMO)
Signssofsopticsneuritis?s-
sANSWERsDecreasedspupillaryslight sreactionsinsthesaffectedseye:s
Varyingsdegreessofsvisionsreduction:sFromsmildsacuitystoscompletesvisionsloss
Abnormalscontrastssensitivitysandscolorsvision:sInsalmostsallspatientsswithsadultsopticsneu
ritisswhoshavesdecreasedsvisualsacuity
Altitudinalsfieldsdefects
Arcuatesdefects
s s s s s s
Surgical Nursing: Making Connections to Practice 3rd Editi
s s s s s s s
on by Hoffman COMPLETE GUIDE CHAPTER 1-
s s s s s s
71 FULL GUIDE PDF
s s s
Whatsisshypermetropia?s-
sANSWERslongssitedness,swherebyslightsraysconvergencesatsa spointsaftersthesretina,san
dstherforesoutsofsfocus.sNearbysobjectssapphearsblurryswhilesdistantsobjectssaresclearer
whatsissmyopia?s-sANSWERsnear/shortssightedness,sclosesissclear,sfarsissblurry
-
usualsstartssinspubertysandsgetssworsesuntillseyesissfullysgrown.salsosinsverysyoungschildr
en.
conditionssassociatedswithsmyopia?s-sANSWERssquint-
schildhoodseyesspointsinsdiff.sdirections.
lazyseyechildhood,soneseye.sdoesntsdevelopsproperly
glaucomas-sIOCspressure.
cataractss-sdevelpomentsofscloudysatchessinsideslense.
Retinalsdetachments-swherbysretinaspullssawatsfromsthesbloodsvesselsthatsnourishsit
Whatsissastigmatism?s-
sANSWERsFailurestosconverge simagesatsonespointsonsthesfoveas(likeasrefractionsratherst
hansfocusing)
Causessofsastigmatism?s-sANSWERs-Hereditarys-scornealsorslenticular
-Injuriesstosthescornea,ssuchsassinfectionsthatsscarssthescornea
keratoconuss&skertoglobuss-scausessbulgin,sthinnersandsshapeschange.
Somesconditionssofstheseyelids
otherssthatsaffectscorneasorslense
Whatsisspresbyopia?s-
sANSWERsgradualslosssofsyourseyes'sabilitystosfocussonsnearbysobjects.sIt'ssa snaturalspa
rtsofsagings40-65yrs
Aetiologysofsbacterialsconjunctivitis?s-sANSWERsS.Aureus,sSterp.sPneumosorsH.flu
alsosSTIsschlamydiastrachromatis,sN.gonnorheae
whatsissopthalmiasneonatorum?s-
sANSWERschlamydiasorsgonorrheaesinfectionsfromsinfectedsbirthscanalsaffectings20-
40%
,WhatsissEpiscleritiss?s-
sANSWERsInflamationof slocaliasedssuperficialsepisclerasvascularsnetwork, smostscomm
onlysdiffuses(moderatestosseversinflams@1-3smonthsintervals)
-Nodular/focalsepiscleritiss(cansoftenspresentswithsassociatedssystemicsdisease)
WhatsaresthesclassificationsofsAllergicsconjunctivitis?s-
sANSWERstypes1shypersensitivitys-sseasonals(SAC)
perrenials-schronics(PAC)
Atopics-srelatesstoseczemasandsathsma
gaintspappilarys(GPC)
Limbalsandstarsalskertaoconjuctivitiss(VKC)
WhatsissgaintspappilarysAllergicasconjunctivitiss-
sANSWERsinnersliningsofstheseyelidsswellssandsdevelopsssmallsbumps.sKnownsasspapill
ae,sthesesbumpsstendstosformsafterschronicsirritation
whatscanscausesascornealsabbration?s-sANSWERsDirectstrauma
Foreignsbodysbetweenseyelidsandsconjunctiva
Heatsbyscontact
UVsradiations(ArcsEye)
Whatscanscausescornealsulcer?s-
sANSWERscansbessecondarystosabrasivestrauma,spentratingsinjuriessorsprolongedsuseso
fscontactslenses
Whatsaresdendriticsulcers?s-
sANSWERsHerpesssimplexsviruss(HSV)skeratitississthesmostsfrequentscausesofscornealsb
lindness.s
-saggressivestreatments-
SymptomssofsDendriticsulcers?s-sANSWERsPain
Photophobia
Blurredsvision
Tearing
Redness
s-swith sfluoresceinsstainingsandshassasdelicatesbranchingspattern,
Appearancesofsdendriticsulcersonsopthalmoscopy?s-sANSWERs-
sinfectioussepithelialskeratitiss(withscharacteristicsdendriticsulcers)
-neurotrophicskeratopathy
-stromalskeratitissendotheliitiss(classifiedsassdisciform,sdiffuse,sorslinear)
whatsaresthessymptomssofskeraticsprecipitatessandsanteriorsuveitiss-
sANSWERsPain,sgenerallysdevelopingsoversasfewshourssorsdayssexceptsinscasessofstrau
ma:
Redness
Photophobia
Blurredsvision
Increasedslacrimation
,Chronicsanteriorsuveitisspresentssprimarilysassblurredsvisionsandsmildsredness.s
pains&sphotophobiasnormalysonlysduringsacutesepisode.
whatsaresthessymptomssofsposteriorsUveitis?s-sANSWERsBlurredsvisionsandsfloaters
Absencesofssymptomssofsanteriorsuveitiss(ie,spain,sredness,sandsphotophobia)
Allspartssofsthesposteriorschambersmaysbesaffected,sincludingsthesretina,schoroidsandsopt
icsnerve.sItscansbescausedsbysbacterial,sfungal,sviralsandsparasiticsinfections.
WhatsaresthesfindingssofsposteriorsUveitissuponsopthalmoscopy?s-
sANSWERsposteriorsuveitissShowingscandleswaxsdrippingss(white sareas)
Anteriorsuventississlinkedstoswhichsnonsinfectioussdiseases?s-sANSWERs-
Ankyolisingsspondilitis,s
-behcetssyndroms(ulcersseye,mouths&sgenitals),s
-IBS,s
-Juvenilesarthritis,ssarcoidosiss(Granulomatoussdisease),s
-seronegativesarthropathy
Anteriorsuventississlinkedstoswhichsinfectioussdiseases?s-
sANSWERsHSV,sSYphilis,sTBs&svaricella szoster
Intermediatesuventiss(Cillarysbodystosretina)sisslinkedstoswhichsnon-infectioussdisease?s-
sANSWERsLymphoma,sMS sandssarcoidosis
Posteriorsuventiss(Retina,sretinavvessels)sandsPanuverntiss(iris,scilliarysbodysandschoroi
dslayer)s-sisslinkedswhichsnon-infectioussdiseases?s-
sANSWERsBehcetsssydrome,slymphoma,ssarcoidosis2
Posteriorsuventiss(Retina,sretinavvessels)sandsPanuverntiss(iris,scilliarysbodysandschoroi
dslayer)s-sisslinkedswhichsinfectioussdiseases?s-
sANSWERsCMV,sendogenoussencephalitis,ssyphalis.sTBsandsvaricellaszoster
Toxicariss&stoxoplasmosis
Workupsforssuspectedsuveitis?s-sANSWERsCBC,sESR,sAntinuclearsantibodys(ANA),
Rapidsplasmasreagins(RPR)
Venerealsdiseasesresearchslaboratorys(VDRL)
Lymestiter
HLAstestingsforsankylosingsspondylarthroses
Chestsradiographys(tosassesssforssarcoidosissorstuberculosis)
Urinalysiss(forsredsbloodscellssorscasts)
Infectioussworkups(eg,sHIV,stoxoplasmosis),sdependingsonsthespresentation
WhatsissasHYPOpyons-
sANSWERsItsissa sleukocytic sexudate,sseensinsthesanteriorschamber,susuallysaccompanie
dsbysrednesssofsthesconjunctivasandsthesunderlyingsepisclera
-oftensco-
insideswithsbehcetssdisease,sendophthalmitis,spanuveitis/panopthalmitiss&sAversesdrug
sreactions
, whatsaresanteriorssynchiae?s-sANSWERsPeripheralsanteriorssynechiaes(PAS)
Adhesionssbetweensthesirissandstrabecularsmeshwork
PASsresultsfromsprolongedsappositionalscontactsbetweensthesirissandstrabecularsmeshw
ork
PASsmaysreducesoutflowsofsaqueousshumor
Maysleadstosraisedsintraocularspressure
Whatsaresfloaters?s-
sANSWERsSpots,sthreads,sorsfragmentssofscobwebs,swhich sfloatsslowlysbeforesthesobse
rver'sseyes
commonyscollagensbreakingsdownstosfibrils,sretinalstearssandstearsfilmsdebrissofsconjucti
valssurface
whatsarescateractssandshowswillsaspateintspresent?s-
sANSWERsGradualsthickeningsofstheslens.
Hxsofsprogressivesresidualsdeteriationsandsdisturbancesinsnights&snearsvision
charectoristicsofssenilescataracts?s-sANSWERs-decreasedsvisualsacuity
-glare
-Myopiasorsmyopicsshift
-smonocularsdiplopias-
sabnormalscurvaturesof scornealssurfaces,screatedsdoublesvisionsins1 seye!
Whatsissintracapsularsextraction?s-
sANSWERsExtractionsof sentireslens,sincludingsthesposteriorscapsulesandszonules,s
cariesspostoperativescomlications
Whatsissextracapsularsextractions-
sANSWERsremovalsofstheslenssnucleussthroughsansopeningsinsthesanteriorscapsulesands
asrelativelyslargeslimbalsincision,swithsretentionsofsthesintegritysofsthesposteriorscapsule
Whatsissphacoemulsifications-
sANSWERsextractionsofstheslenssnucleussthroughsansopeningsin sthesanteriorscapsule;san
sultrasonicallysdrivensneedlesissusedstosfragmentsthesnucleussofsthescataract;stheslensssu
bstratesissthensaspiratedsthroughsasneedlesportsviasassmallslimbalsorsscleralsincision
Whatsissopticsneuritis?s-
sANSWERsdemyelinatingsinflammationsofsthesopticsnervesthatsoftensoccurssinsassociati
onswithsmultiplessclerosiss(MS)sandsneuromyelitissopticas(NMO)
Signssofsopticsneuritis?s-
sANSWERsDecreasedspupillaryslight sreactionsinsthesaffectedseye:s
Varyingsdegreessofsvisionsreduction:sFromsmildsacuitystoscompletesvisionsloss
Abnormalscontrastssensitivitysandscolorsvision:sInsalmostsallspatientsswithsadultsopticsneu
ritisswhoshavesdecreasedsvisualsacuity
Altitudinalsfieldsdefects
Arcuatesdefects
