Med Terms 1-10
cerebrum - ANS part of the brain associated with thinking, personality, sensations, movements, memory
thalamus - ANS part of the brain associated with relay station ("triage center") for sensory impulses;
control of awareness and consciousness
hypothalamus - ANS part of the brain associated with body temperature, sleep, appetite, emotions,
control of the pituitary gland
cerebellum - ANS part of the brain associated with coordination of voluntary movements and balance
pons - ANS part of the brain associated with connection of nerves (to the eyes and face)
medulla oblongata - ANS part of the brain associated with nerve fibers cross over, left to right and right
to left; contains centers to regulate heart, blood vessels, and respiratory system
acetylcholine - ANS Neurotransmitter chemical released at the ends of nerve cells
afferent nerve - ANS carries messages toward the brain and spinal cord (sensory nerve)
arachnoid membrane - ANS middle layer of the three membranes (meninges) that surround the brain
and spinal cord
astrocyte - ANS type of glial (neuroglial) cell that transports water and salts from capillaries
autonomic nervous system - ANS nerves that control involuntary body functions of muscles, glands, and
internal organs
,axon - ANS Microscopic fiber that carries the nervous impulse along a nerve cell
blood-brain barrier - ANS Blood vessels (capillaries) that selectively let certain substances enter the
brain tissue and keep other substances out
brainstem - ANS lower portion of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord; includes
the pons and medulla oblongata
cauda equina - ANS collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord
cell body - ANS part of a nerve cell that contains the nucleus
central nervous system (CNS) - ANS Brain and spinal cord
cerebellum - ANS posterior part of the brain that coordinates muscle movements and maintains balance
cerebral cortex - ANS outer region of the cerebrum, containing sheets of nerve cells; gray matter of the
brain
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) - ANS circulates throughout the brain and spinal cord
cerebrum - ANS Largest part of the brain; responsible for voluntary muscular activity, vision, speech,
taste, hearing, thought, and memory
cranial nerves - ANS twelve pairs of nerves that carry messages to and from the brain with regard to the
head and neck (except the vagus nerve)
,dendrite - ANS microscopic branching fiber of a nerve cell that is the first part to receive the nervous
impulse
dura mater - ANS thick, outermost layer of the meninges surrounding and protecting the brain and
spinal cord (Latin for "hard mother.")
efferent nerve - ANS carries messages away from the brain and spinal cord; motor nerve
ependymal cell - ANS a glial cell that lines membranes within the brain and spinal cord and helps form
cerebrospinal fluid
ganglion (plural: ganglia) - ANS collection of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system
glial cell (neuroglial cell) - ANS Supportive and connective nerve cell that does not carry nervous
impulses. Examples are astrocytes, microglial cells, ependymal cells, and oligodendrocytes.
gyrus (plural: gyri) - ANS sheet of nerve cells that produces a rounded ridge on the surface of the
cerebral cortex; convolution
hypothalamus - ANS Portion of the brain beneath the thalamus; controls sleep, appetite, body
temperature, and secretions from the pituitary gland.
medulla oblongata - ANS Part of the brain just above the spinal cord; controls breathing, heartbeat, and
the size of blood vessels; nerve fibers cross over here
meninges - ANS three protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord
, microglial cell - ANS phagocytic glial cell that removes waste products from the central nervous system.
motor nerve - ANS carries messages away from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and organs;
efferent nerve
myelin sheath - ANS Covering of white fatty tissue that surrounds and insulates the axon of a nerve cell.
Myelin speeds impulse conduction along axons.
nerve - ANS macroscopic cord-like collection of fibers (axons and dendrites) that carry electrical
impulses
neuron - ANS nerve cell that carries impulses throughout the body
neurotransmitter - ANS chemical messenger released at the end of a nerve cell. It stimulates or inhibits
another cell, which can be a nerve cell, muscle cell, or gland cell.
oligodendroglial cell - ANS glial cell that forms the myelin sheath covering axons. also called
oligodendrocyte
parasympathetic nerves - ANS involuntary, autonomic nerves that regulate normal body functions such
as heart rate, breathing, and muscles of the gastrointestinal tract
parenchyma - ANS essential, distinguishing tissue of any organ or system.
peripheral nervous system - ANS nerves outside the brain and spinal cord; cranial, spinal, and autonomic
nerves
pia mater - ANS Thin, delicate inner membrane of the meninges
cerebrum - ANS part of the brain associated with thinking, personality, sensations, movements, memory
thalamus - ANS part of the brain associated with relay station ("triage center") for sensory impulses;
control of awareness and consciousness
hypothalamus - ANS part of the brain associated with body temperature, sleep, appetite, emotions,
control of the pituitary gland
cerebellum - ANS part of the brain associated with coordination of voluntary movements and balance
pons - ANS part of the brain associated with connection of nerves (to the eyes and face)
medulla oblongata - ANS part of the brain associated with nerve fibers cross over, left to right and right
to left; contains centers to regulate heart, blood vessels, and respiratory system
acetylcholine - ANS Neurotransmitter chemical released at the ends of nerve cells
afferent nerve - ANS carries messages toward the brain and spinal cord (sensory nerve)
arachnoid membrane - ANS middle layer of the three membranes (meninges) that surround the brain
and spinal cord
astrocyte - ANS type of glial (neuroglial) cell that transports water and salts from capillaries
autonomic nervous system - ANS nerves that control involuntary body functions of muscles, glands, and
internal organs
,axon - ANS Microscopic fiber that carries the nervous impulse along a nerve cell
blood-brain barrier - ANS Blood vessels (capillaries) that selectively let certain substances enter the
brain tissue and keep other substances out
brainstem - ANS lower portion of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord; includes
the pons and medulla oblongata
cauda equina - ANS collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord
cell body - ANS part of a nerve cell that contains the nucleus
central nervous system (CNS) - ANS Brain and spinal cord
cerebellum - ANS posterior part of the brain that coordinates muscle movements and maintains balance
cerebral cortex - ANS outer region of the cerebrum, containing sheets of nerve cells; gray matter of the
brain
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) - ANS circulates throughout the brain and spinal cord
cerebrum - ANS Largest part of the brain; responsible for voluntary muscular activity, vision, speech,
taste, hearing, thought, and memory
cranial nerves - ANS twelve pairs of nerves that carry messages to and from the brain with regard to the
head and neck (except the vagus nerve)
,dendrite - ANS microscopic branching fiber of a nerve cell that is the first part to receive the nervous
impulse
dura mater - ANS thick, outermost layer of the meninges surrounding and protecting the brain and
spinal cord (Latin for "hard mother.")
efferent nerve - ANS carries messages away from the brain and spinal cord; motor nerve
ependymal cell - ANS a glial cell that lines membranes within the brain and spinal cord and helps form
cerebrospinal fluid
ganglion (plural: ganglia) - ANS collection of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system
glial cell (neuroglial cell) - ANS Supportive and connective nerve cell that does not carry nervous
impulses. Examples are astrocytes, microglial cells, ependymal cells, and oligodendrocytes.
gyrus (plural: gyri) - ANS sheet of nerve cells that produces a rounded ridge on the surface of the
cerebral cortex; convolution
hypothalamus - ANS Portion of the brain beneath the thalamus; controls sleep, appetite, body
temperature, and secretions from the pituitary gland.
medulla oblongata - ANS Part of the brain just above the spinal cord; controls breathing, heartbeat, and
the size of blood vessels; nerve fibers cross over here
meninges - ANS three protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord
, microglial cell - ANS phagocytic glial cell that removes waste products from the central nervous system.
motor nerve - ANS carries messages away from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and organs;
efferent nerve
myelin sheath - ANS Covering of white fatty tissue that surrounds and insulates the axon of a nerve cell.
Myelin speeds impulse conduction along axons.
nerve - ANS macroscopic cord-like collection of fibers (axons and dendrites) that carry electrical
impulses
neuron - ANS nerve cell that carries impulses throughout the body
neurotransmitter - ANS chemical messenger released at the end of a nerve cell. It stimulates or inhibits
another cell, which can be a nerve cell, muscle cell, or gland cell.
oligodendroglial cell - ANS glial cell that forms the myelin sheath covering axons. also called
oligodendrocyte
parasympathetic nerves - ANS involuntary, autonomic nerves that regulate normal body functions such
as heart rate, breathing, and muscles of the gastrointestinal tract
parenchyma - ANS essential, distinguishing tissue of any organ or system.
peripheral nervous system - ANS nerves outside the brain and spinal cord; cranial, spinal, and autonomic
nerves
pia mater - ANS Thin, delicate inner membrane of the meninges
