2020
, PharmacologyjIjForjNurses Dr.jSamerjKhaderjAlnawajha
PREFACE
P
harmacologyjisjajdifficultjcoursejtojteachjinjajstandardj nursingjcurriculum,j w
hetherj itj bej aj diploma,j baccalaureate,j orj graduatej program.
Atjthejsamejtime,jchangesjinjmedicaljcarejdelivery—
morejoutpatientjandjhomejcare,jshorterjhospitaljstays,jandjmorejself-
carejhavejresultedjinjadditionaljlegaljandjprofessionaljresponsibilitiesjforjnurses,jmakingjt
hemjmorejresponsiblej forjthejsafejandjeffectivejdeliveryjofjdrugjtherapy.jPreventionjofjm
edicationjerrorsjhasjbecomejajnationaljchallenge.
Pharmacologyjshouldjnotjbejsuchjajformidablejobstaclejinj thejnursingjcurriculum.jThejst
udyjofjdrugjtherapyjincorporatesjphysiology,jpathophysiology,jchemistry,jandjnursingjfu
ndamentalsjsubjectsjthatjarejalreadyjtaughtjpreviously.jAjbookjthatjapproachesjpharmaco
logyjasjanjunderstandable,jteachable,jandjlearnablejsubjectjwouldjgreatlyjfacilitatejthejinc
orporationjofjthisjsubjectjintojnursingjcurricula.jThisjmaterialjprovidesjajconcise,juser-
friendly,jandjunclutteredjtextjforjthejmodernjnursingjstudents.jThisjmaterialjisjpresentedjin
ajstreamlined,junderstandable,jteachable,jandjlearnablejmanner.
j
-j1j-
, PharmacologyjIjForjNurses Dr.jSamerjKhaderjAlnawajha
Table of Contents
j j
Content Page
Chapterj(1):jIntroductionjtojPharmacology……………………………..…… 3
Chapterj(2):jDrugsjandjthejBody……………………………………..……… 41
Chapterj(3):jPrinciplesjofjDrugjAdministration………………………..…….. 23
Chapterj(4):jToxicjEffectsjofjDrugs……………………………………..…… 14
Chapterj(5):jDosagejCalculations……………………………………..……... 11
Chapterj(6):jChemotherapeuticjAgentsj(Anti-infective)j………………..…… 23
Chapterj(7):jDrugsjActingjonjthejRespiratoryjSystem………………..……... 433
Chapterj(8):jDrugsjActingjonjthejGastrointestinaljSystem……………..……. 411
Chapterj(9):jDrugsjActingjonjthejEndocrinejSystem…………………..…….. 421
-j2j-
, PharmacologyjIjForjNurses Dr.jSamerjKhaderjAlnawajha
Chapter One Introduction j j
j to Pharmacology j
Learning objectives j
At the end of this chapter, the student will be able to
j j j j j j j j j j j
1. Understand the basic concepts and definitions in pharmacology j j j j j j j
2. Identify the branches of pharmacology j j j j
3. Understand nursing responsibilities regarding drug therapy j j j j j
4. Identify the pregnancy categories of food and drug administration
j j j j j j j j
Introduction
The human body works through a complicated series of chemical reactions and pro
j j j j j j j j j j j j
cesses. Nurses deal with drugs to treat, prevent, and diagnose disease. For many rea
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
sons, understanding how drugs act on the body to cause changes and applying that k
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
nowledge in the clinical setting are important aspects of nursing practice.
j j j j j j j j j j
Basic Definitions j
Pharmacology: is the study of the biological effects of chemicals. j j j j j j j j j
Drugs: are chemicals that are introduced into the body to cause some sort of change.
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
j When drugs are administered, the body begins a sequence of processes designed to
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
handle the new chemicals. j j j
Pharmacopeia: is a book containing formulas, which are standard for preparation j j j j j j j j j j j
and administration of drug. If a drug is included in this book it has met the standards
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
of quality, purity, and strength.
j j j j
-j3j-
, PharmacologyjIjForjNurses Dr.jSamerjKhaderjAlnawajha
PREFACE
P
harmacologyjisjajdifficultjcoursejtojteachjinjajstandardj nursingjcurriculum,j w
hetherj itj bej aj diploma,j baccalaureate,j orj graduatej program.
Atjthejsamejtime,jchangesjinjmedicaljcarejdelivery—
morejoutpatientjandjhomejcare,jshorterjhospitaljstays,jandjmorejself-
carejhavejresultedjinjadditionaljlegaljandjprofessionaljresponsibilitiesjforjnurses,jmakingjt
hemjmorejresponsiblej forjthejsafejandjeffectivejdeliveryjofjdrugjtherapy.jPreventionjofjm
edicationjerrorsjhasjbecomejajnationaljchallenge.
Pharmacologyjshouldjnotjbejsuchjajformidablejobstaclejinj thejnursingjcurriculum.jThejst
udyjofjdrugjtherapyjincorporatesjphysiology,jpathophysiology,jchemistry,jandjnursingjfu
ndamentalsjsubjectsjthatjarejalreadyjtaughtjpreviously.jAjbookjthatjapproachesjpharmaco
logyjasjanjunderstandable,jteachable,jandjlearnablejsubjectjwouldjgreatlyjfacilitatejthejinc
orporationjofjthisjsubjectjintojnursingjcurricula.jThisjmaterialjprovidesjajconcise,juser-
friendly,jandjunclutteredjtextjforjthejmodernjnursingjstudents.jThisjmaterialjisjpresentedjin
ajstreamlined,junderstandable,jteachable,jandjlearnablejmanner.
j
-j1j-
, PharmacologyjIjForjNurses Dr.jSamerjKhaderjAlnawajha
Table of Contents
j j
Content Page
Chapterj(1):jIntroductionjtojPharmacology……………………………..…… 3
Chapterj(2):jDrugsjandjthejBody……………………………………..……… 41
Chapterj(3):jPrinciplesjofjDrugjAdministration………………………..…….. 23
Chapterj(4):jToxicjEffectsjofjDrugs……………………………………..…… 14
Chapterj(5):jDosagejCalculations……………………………………..……... 11
Chapterj(6):jChemotherapeuticjAgentsj(Anti-infective)j………………..…… 23
Chapterj(7):jDrugsjActingjonjthejRespiratoryjSystem………………..……... 433
Chapterj(8):jDrugsjActingjonjthejGastrointestinaljSystem……………..……. 411
Chapterj(9):jDrugsjActingjonjthejEndocrinejSystem…………………..…….. 421
-j2j-
, PharmacologyjIjForjNurses Dr.jSamerjKhaderjAlnawajha
Chapter One Introduction j j
j to Pharmacology j
Learning objectives j
At the end of this chapter, the student will be able to
j j j j j j j j j j j
1. Understand the basic concepts and definitions in pharmacology j j j j j j j
2. Identify the branches of pharmacology j j j j
3. Understand nursing responsibilities regarding drug therapy j j j j j
4. Identify the pregnancy categories of food and drug administration
j j j j j j j j
Introduction
The human body works through a complicated series of chemical reactions and pro
j j j j j j j j j j j j
cesses. Nurses deal with drugs to treat, prevent, and diagnose disease. For many rea
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
sons, understanding how drugs act on the body to cause changes and applying that k
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
nowledge in the clinical setting are important aspects of nursing practice.
j j j j j j j j j j
Basic Definitions j
Pharmacology: is the study of the biological effects of chemicals. j j j j j j j j j
Drugs: are chemicals that are introduced into the body to cause some sort of change.
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
j When drugs are administered, the body begins a sequence of processes designed to
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
handle the new chemicals. j j j
Pharmacopeia: is a book containing formulas, which are standard for preparation j j j j j j j j j j j
and administration of drug. If a drug is included in this book it has met the standards
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
of quality, purity, and strength.
j j j j
-j3j-
