DOWNLOAD THE Test Bank for Research Methods Tool for Life 3rd EditionBeins
v v v v v v v v v v v v
ResearchvMethods:vAvToolvforvLifev
ThirdvEdition–TestvBank
Pagev1
Chapterv2–Ethics
MULTIPLEvCHOICEvQUESTIONS
**Double-
starredvitemsvappearvasvReviewvQuestionsvinvthevchaptervUnethicalv
ResearchvPractices–PastvandvPresent
1. Anvexaminationvofvethicalvissuesvinvresearchvinvthev20thvcenturyvrevealsvthat
a. thevNazivatrocitiesvinvWorldvWarvIIvcreatedvthevonlyvmajorvethicalvproblemsvinvresearch.
b. therevhavevbeenvfewvnotablevproblemsvinvthevlastv20vyears.
*c.vresearchersvinvthevUnitedvStatesvhavevengagedvinvresearchvpracticesvthatvseriouslyvviolatedveth
icalvprinciples.
d.vpsychologicalvresearchvhasvbeenvamongvthevmostvconsistentvoffendersvregardingvethicalvp
roblems.
2. ResearchersvatvthevTuskegeevInstitutevviolatedvethicalvprinciplesvwhenvthey
a. servedvfoodvcontainingvradioactivevsubstancesvtovdevelopmentallyvdisabledvchildren.
*b.vwithheldvtreatmentvforvsyphilisvfromvblackvpatientsvforvdecades.
c.vusedvchemicalsvtovsterilizevwomenvinvoluntarily.
d.vwithheldvantipsychoticvdrugsvfromvschizophrenicvpatientsvinvavresearchvproject.
**3.vResearchersvatvthevUniversityvofvCincinnativwantedvtovinvestigatevhowvmuchvradiationvmilit
aryvpersonnelvcouldvwithstand.vInvordervtovstudyvtheveffectsvofvradiation,vthey
a. gavevfoodvwithvradioactivevsubstancesvtovdevelopmentallyvdisabledvchildren.
b. withheldvtreatmentvfromvpatientsvwhovhadvbeenvaccidentallyvexposedvtovradiation.
c. exposedvpsychiatricvpatientsvtovradiationvwithoutvinformedvconsent.
*d.vsubjectedvcancervpatientsvtovwhole-bodyvradiationvwithoutvinformedvconsent.
4. ResearchersvatvthevMassachusettsvInstitutevofvTechnologyvengagedvinvethicallyvtroublesomevr
esearchvonvexposurevtovradiationvinvthev1950svwhenvthey
a. exposedvsyphilisvpatientsvtovradiationvasvpartvofvnormalvtreatment.
b. usedvwhole-bodyvradiationvonvterminallyvillvcancervpatientsvwithoutvgivingvinformedvconsent.
c. sterilizedvpatientsvusingvradiationvrathervthanvusingvother,vacceptedvmethods.
*d.vfedvfoodvwithvradioactivevsubstancesvtovchildrenvlivingvinvavfacilityvforvthevdevelopmentallyvd
isabled.
**5.vInvrecentvpsychologicalvresearchvthatvhasvreceivedvcriticismvonvethicalvgrounds,vthevauthorsv(Kag
anvandvListon,v2002)
a. failedvtovcitevresearchvbyvothervpsychologistsvthatvwasvimportantvandvrelevantvtovthevd
evelopmentvofvtheirvideas.
b. claimedvtovhavevcompletedvavstudyvbutvtheyvdidvnotvactuallyvcarryvitvout.
c. subjectedvparticipantsvtovhighvlevelsvofvpainvwithoutvfirstvobtainingvinformedvconsent.
©vCambridgevUniversityvPress
mynursytest.store
,DOWNLOAD THE Test Bank for Research Methods Tool for Life 3rd EditionBeins
v v v v v v v v v v v v
ResearchvMethods:vAvToolvforvLifev
ThirdvEdition–TestvBank
Pagev2
d. publishedvavfigurevthatvoriginallyvcamevfromvthevresearchvofvothervpsychologistsvthatvhadva
ppearedvinvavdifferentvjournal
6.vPsychologicalvresearchvthatvisvethicallyvveryvtroublesome
*a.visvfairlyvrare,vwithvthevmostvwell-publicizedvexamplesvhavingvoccurredvseveralvdecadesvago.
b. wasvfirstvidentifiedvavcenturyvagovandvcontinuesvtovthisvdayvonvavfrequentvbasis.
c. involvesvfalsifyingvorvfabricatingvdatavinvupvtovhalfvofvthevresearchvassociatedvwithvcompetitivevf
ederalvgrants.
d. ledvtovthevdevelopmentvofvthevNuremburgvCodevthatvlistsvthevrightsvofvparticipantsvinvresearch.
**7.vAccordingvtovresearchvbyvthevU.S.vOfficevofvResearchvIntegrity,vthevmostvfrequentlyvo
ccurringvethicalvoffensesvinvolved
a.vdepartingvfromvprotocolsvforvrandomlyvassigningvparticipantsvtovgroups.
*b.vfalsifyingvorvfabricatingvdata.
c.vplagiarizingvbyvclaimingvthatvanothervresearcher’svdatavwerevthevoffender’svownvdata.
d.vcompletelyvfabricatingv(i.e.,vmakingvup)vdetailsvofvstudiesvthatvwerevnevervactuallyvconducted.
8. AccordingvtovresearchvbyvthevOfficevofvResearchvIntegrityvonvethicsvinvresearch,
a. therevisvanvextremelyvlowvlevelvofvethicalvviolationsvinvresearchvinvthevUnitedvStates.
b. thevsinglevlargestvcategoryvofvviolationsvisvplagiarismvofvothers’vwork.
*c.vwhenvresearchersvactvunethically,vitvisvmostvlikelyvtovinvolveveithervmakingvupvorvfalsifyingvd
ata.
d.valmostveveryvresearchervknowsvofvcasesvofvethicalvviolationsvbyvothersvthatvgovunreported.
9. Onevofvthevmainvproblemsvassociatedvwithvresearchvwithvpsychiatricvpopulationsvisvthat
a. theyvarevsovdifferentvfromvonevanothervthatvitvisvethicallyvtroublesomevtovputvthemvinvtreatmentsvth
atvarevstandardizedvrathervthanvindividualized.
*b.vtheyvmayvnotvbevablevtovgivevtrulyvinformedvconsentvbecausevofvtheirvpsychiatricvproblems.
c.vsuchvresearchvhasvtovinvolvevplacebovgroupsvforvwhomvtreatmentvisvwithheld.
d.voutside,vpharmaceuticalvcompaniesvmayvprovidevfunding.
10. Pharmaceuticalvcompaniesvhavevcomevundervcriticismvonvethicalvgroundsvbyvresearchersvb
ecausevthevcompanies
a. havevmadevsovmuchvmoneyvresearchingvandvproducingvdrugsvforvthevveryvill.
b. havevwaitedvmuchvtoovlongvtovreleasevdrugsvthatvwouldvbenefitvpeoplevwhovhavevnovotherve
ffectivevdrugs.
*c.vhavevhiredvmedicalvpersonnelvtovsupervisevdrugvresearchvaftervthosevpeoplevhadvbeenvaccusedvo
fvseriousvethicalvviolationsvinvresearchvandvtreatingvpatients.
d.vregularlyvfailvtovreceivevinformedvconsentvbyvthevpatientsvtheyvstudy.
11. Usingvthevideasvofvsomebodyvelsevwithoutvattributingvthosevideasvtovthatvpersonvisvknownvas
a. nonmaleficence.
b. simulation.
*c.vplagiarism.
©vCambridgevUniversityvPress
mynursytest.store
, DOWNLOAD THE Test Bank for Research Methods Tool for Life 3rd EditionBeins
v v v v v v v v v v v v
ResearchvMethods:vAvToolvforvLifev
ThirdvEdition–TestvBank
Pagev3
d.vdesensitization.
12. Researchersvwhovpublishvthevsamevinformationvinvtwovdifferentvworksvarevengagingvin
a. activevdeception.
b. passivevdeception.
c. simulation.
*d.vself–plagiarism.
13. Whenvanvauthorvcitesvwell-
knownvinformationvinvavmanuscriptvwithvwhichvmostvpeoplevarevfamiliar,vthatvauthor
a. shouldvcitevthevoriginalvsourcevofvthevinformationvinvordervtovavoidvplagiarism.
b. isvguiltyvofvself-plagiarismvifvthevoriginalvsourcevisvnotvcited.
c. shouldvcitevthevsecondaryvsourcevfromvwhichvthevinformationvcame.
*d.vdoesvnotvneedvtovcitevavsourcevtovavoidvplagiarism.
14. ThevpsychologistvDiederikvStapelvengagedvinvviolationvofvethicalvstandardsvwhenvhe
a.vplagiarizedvthevworkvdonevbyvhisvstudents.
*b.vmadevupvdatavthatvmadevitvlookvasvifvhevhadvconductedvnumerousvresearchvprojects
c.vfailedvtovobtainvpermissionvfromvhisvInstitutionalvReviewvBoardvbeforevcollectingvdatavonvparticipan
ts.
d.vfailedvtovreportvcolleaguesvthatvhadvfabricatedvdatavinvseveralvcontroversialvstudies.
EthicalvGuidelinesvCreatedvbyvthevAmericanvPsychologicalvAssociation
15. ThevethicalvprinciplesvdevelopedvbyvthevAmericanvPsychologicalvAssociationvcontainv
guidelinesvforvachievingvthevhighestvidealsvofvpsychology.vThesevprinciplesvarevcalled
*a.vaspirationalvgoals.
b. ethicalvstandards.
c. enforceablevrules.
d. principlesvofvbeneficence.
**16.vThevenforceablevrulesvofvconductvassociatedvwithvthevethicalvprinciplesvdevelopedvbyvthevAm
ericanvPsychologicalvAssociationvare
a. aspirationalvgoals.
b. principlesvofvresponsibility.
*c.vethicalvstandards.
d.vethico-legalvprinciples.
17. WhichvofvthevGeneralvPrinciplesvofvthevAmericanvPsychologicalvAssociationvrelatesvtov
maximizingvthevpositivevoutcomesvandvminimizingvnegativevoutcomesvofvwork?
a. fidelityvandvresponsibility
b. integrity
c. respectvforvpeople’svrightsvandvdignity
*d.vbeneficencevandvnonmaleficence
©vCambridgevUniversityvPress
mynursytest.store
v v v v v v v v v v v v
ResearchvMethods:vAvToolvforvLifev
ThirdvEdition–TestvBank
Pagev1
Chapterv2–Ethics
MULTIPLEvCHOICEvQUESTIONS
**Double-
starredvitemsvappearvasvReviewvQuestionsvinvthevchaptervUnethicalv
ResearchvPractices–PastvandvPresent
1. Anvexaminationvofvethicalvissuesvinvresearchvinvthev20thvcenturyvrevealsvthat
a. thevNazivatrocitiesvinvWorldvWarvIIvcreatedvthevonlyvmajorvethicalvproblemsvinvresearch.
b. therevhavevbeenvfewvnotablevproblemsvinvthevlastv20vyears.
*c.vresearchersvinvthevUnitedvStatesvhavevengagedvinvresearchvpracticesvthatvseriouslyvviolatedveth
icalvprinciples.
d.vpsychologicalvresearchvhasvbeenvamongvthevmostvconsistentvoffendersvregardingvethicalvp
roblems.
2. ResearchersvatvthevTuskegeevInstitutevviolatedvethicalvprinciplesvwhenvthey
a. servedvfoodvcontainingvradioactivevsubstancesvtovdevelopmentallyvdisabledvchildren.
*b.vwithheldvtreatmentvforvsyphilisvfromvblackvpatientsvforvdecades.
c.vusedvchemicalsvtovsterilizevwomenvinvoluntarily.
d.vwithheldvantipsychoticvdrugsvfromvschizophrenicvpatientsvinvavresearchvproject.
**3.vResearchersvatvthevUniversityvofvCincinnativwantedvtovinvestigatevhowvmuchvradiationvmilit
aryvpersonnelvcouldvwithstand.vInvordervtovstudyvtheveffectsvofvradiation,vthey
a. gavevfoodvwithvradioactivevsubstancesvtovdevelopmentallyvdisabledvchildren.
b. withheldvtreatmentvfromvpatientsvwhovhadvbeenvaccidentallyvexposedvtovradiation.
c. exposedvpsychiatricvpatientsvtovradiationvwithoutvinformedvconsent.
*d.vsubjectedvcancervpatientsvtovwhole-bodyvradiationvwithoutvinformedvconsent.
4. ResearchersvatvthevMassachusettsvInstitutevofvTechnologyvengagedvinvethicallyvtroublesomevr
esearchvonvexposurevtovradiationvinvthev1950svwhenvthey
a. exposedvsyphilisvpatientsvtovradiationvasvpartvofvnormalvtreatment.
b. usedvwhole-bodyvradiationvonvterminallyvillvcancervpatientsvwithoutvgivingvinformedvconsent.
c. sterilizedvpatientsvusingvradiationvrathervthanvusingvother,vacceptedvmethods.
*d.vfedvfoodvwithvradioactivevsubstancesvtovchildrenvlivingvinvavfacilityvforvthevdevelopmentallyvd
isabled.
**5.vInvrecentvpsychologicalvresearchvthatvhasvreceivedvcriticismvonvethicalvgrounds,vthevauthorsv(Kag
anvandvListon,v2002)
a. failedvtovcitevresearchvbyvothervpsychologistsvthatvwasvimportantvandvrelevantvtovthevd
evelopmentvofvtheirvideas.
b. claimedvtovhavevcompletedvavstudyvbutvtheyvdidvnotvactuallyvcarryvitvout.
c. subjectedvparticipantsvtovhighvlevelsvofvpainvwithoutvfirstvobtainingvinformedvconsent.
©vCambridgevUniversityvPress
mynursytest.store
,DOWNLOAD THE Test Bank for Research Methods Tool for Life 3rd EditionBeins
v v v v v v v v v v v v
ResearchvMethods:vAvToolvforvLifev
ThirdvEdition–TestvBank
Pagev2
d. publishedvavfigurevthatvoriginallyvcamevfromvthevresearchvofvothervpsychologistsvthatvhadva
ppearedvinvavdifferentvjournal
6.vPsychologicalvresearchvthatvisvethicallyvveryvtroublesome
*a.visvfairlyvrare,vwithvthevmostvwell-publicizedvexamplesvhavingvoccurredvseveralvdecadesvago.
b. wasvfirstvidentifiedvavcenturyvagovandvcontinuesvtovthisvdayvonvavfrequentvbasis.
c. involvesvfalsifyingvorvfabricatingvdatavinvupvtovhalfvofvthevresearchvassociatedvwithvcompetitivevf
ederalvgrants.
d. ledvtovthevdevelopmentvofvthevNuremburgvCodevthatvlistsvthevrightsvofvparticipantsvinvresearch.
**7.vAccordingvtovresearchvbyvthevU.S.vOfficevofvResearchvIntegrity,vthevmostvfrequentlyvo
ccurringvethicalvoffensesvinvolved
a.vdepartingvfromvprotocolsvforvrandomlyvassigningvparticipantsvtovgroups.
*b.vfalsifyingvorvfabricatingvdata.
c.vplagiarizingvbyvclaimingvthatvanothervresearcher’svdatavwerevthevoffender’svownvdata.
d.vcompletelyvfabricatingv(i.e.,vmakingvup)vdetailsvofvstudiesvthatvwerevnevervactuallyvconducted.
8. AccordingvtovresearchvbyvthevOfficevofvResearchvIntegrityvonvethicsvinvresearch,
a. therevisvanvextremelyvlowvlevelvofvethicalvviolationsvinvresearchvinvthevUnitedvStates.
b. thevsinglevlargestvcategoryvofvviolationsvisvplagiarismvofvothers’vwork.
*c.vwhenvresearchersvactvunethically,vitvisvmostvlikelyvtovinvolveveithervmakingvupvorvfalsifyingvd
ata.
d.valmostveveryvresearchervknowsvofvcasesvofvethicalvviolationsvbyvothersvthatvgovunreported.
9. Onevofvthevmainvproblemsvassociatedvwithvresearchvwithvpsychiatricvpopulationsvisvthat
a. theyvarevsovdifferentvfromvonevanothervthatvitvisvethicallyvtroublesomevtovputvthemvinvtreatmentsvth
atvarevstandardizedvrathervthanvindividualized.
*b.vtheyvmayvnotvbevablevtovgivevtrulyvinformedvconsentvbecausevofvtheirvpsychiatricvproblems.
c.vsuchvresearchvhasvtovinvolvevplacebovgroupsvforvwhomvtreatmentvisvwithheld.
d.voutside,vpharmaceuticalvcompaniesvmayvprovidevfunding.
10. Pharmaceuticalvcompaniesvhavevcomevundervcriticismvonvethicalvgroundsvbyvresearchersvb
ecausevthevcompanies
a. havevmadevsovmuchvmoneyvresearchingvandvproducingvdrugsvforvthevveryvill.
b. havevwaitedvmuchvtoovlongvtovreleasevdrugsvthatvwouldvbenefitvpeoplevwhovhavevnovotherve
ffectivevdrugs.
*c.vhavevhiredvmedicalvpersonnelvtovsupervisevdrugvresearchvaftervthosevpeoplevhadvbeenvaccusedvo
fvseriousvethicalvviolationsvinvresearchvandvtreatingvpatients.
d.vregularlyvfailvtovreceivevinformedvconsentvbyvthevpatientsvtheyvstudy.
11. Usingvthevideasvofvsomebodyvelsevwithoutvattributingvthosevideasvtovthatvpersonvisvknownvas
a. nonmaleficence.
b. simulation.
*c.vplagiarism.
©vCambridgevUniversityvPress
mynursytest.store
, DOWNLOAD THE Test Bank for Research Methods Tool for Life 3rd EditionBeins
v v v v v v v v v v v v
ResearchvMethods:vAvToolvforvLifev
ThirdvEdition–TestvBank
Pagev3
d.vdesensitization.
12. Researchersvwhovpublishvthevsamevinformationvinvtwovdifferentvworksvarevengagingvin
a. activevdeception.
b. passivevdeception.
c. simulation.
*d.vself–plagiarism.
13. Whenvanvauthorvcitesvwell-
knownvinformationvinvavmanuscriptvwithvwhichvmostvpeoplevarevfamiliar,vthatvauthor
a. shouldvcitevthevoriginalvsourcevofvthevinformationvinvordervtovavoidvplagiarism.
b. isvguiltyvofvself-plagiarismvifvthevoriginalvsourcevisvnotvcited.
c. shouldvcitevthevsecondaryvsourcevfromvwhichvthevinformationvcame.
*d.vdoesvnotvneedvtovcitevavsourcevtovavoidvplagiarism.
14. ThevpsychologistvDiederikvStapelvengagedvinvviolationvofvethicalvstandardsvwhenvhe
a.vplagiarizedvthevworkvdonevbyvhisvstudents.
*b.vmadevupvdatavthatvmadevitvlookvasvifvhevhadvconductedvnumerousvresearchvprojects
c.vfailedvtovobtainvpermissionvfromvhisvInstitutionalvReviewvBoardvbeforevcollectingvdatavonvparticipan
ts.
d.vfailedvtovreportvcolleaguesvthatvhadvfabricatedvdatavinvseveralvcontroversialvstudies.
EthicalvGuidelinesvCreatedvbyvthevAmericanvPsychologicalvAssociation
15. ThevethicalvprinciplesvdevelopedvbyvthevAmericanvPsychologicalvAssociationvcontainv
guidelinesvforvachievingvthevhighestvidealsvofvpsychology.vThesevprinciplesvarevcalled
*a.vaspirationalvgoals.
b. ethicalvstandards.
c. enforceablevrules.
d. principlesvofvbeneficence.
**16.vThevenforceablevrulesvofvconductvassociatedvwithvthevethicalvprinciplesvdevelopedvbyvthevAm
ericanvPsychologicalvAssociationvare
a. aspirationalvgoals.
b. principlesvofvresponsibility.
*c.vethicalvstandards.
d.vethico-legalvprinciples.
17. WhichvofvthevGeneralvPrinciplesvofvthevAmericanvPsychologicalvAssociationvrelatesvtov
maximizingvthevpositivevoutcomesvandvminimizingvnegativevoutcomesvofvwork?
a. fidelityvandvresponsibility
b. integrity
c. respectvforvpeople’svrightsvandvdignity
*d.vbeneficencevandvnonmaleficence
©vCambridgevUniversityvPress
mynursytest.store
